数学文本例子

Matplotlib的数学渲染引擎的选定功能。

数学文本例子

Out:

  1. 0 $W^{3\beta}_{\delta_1 \rho_1 \sigma_2} = U^{3\beta}_{\delta_1 \rho_1} + \frac{1}{8 \pi 2} \int^{\alpha_2}_{\alpha_2} d \alpha^\prime_2 \left[\frac{ U^{2\beta}_{\delta_1 \rho_1} - \alpha^\prime_2U^{1\beta}_{\rho_1 \sigma_2} }{U^{0\beta}_{\rho_1 \sigma_2}}\right]$
  2. 1 $\alpha_i > \beta_i,\ \alpha_{i+1}^j = {\rm sin}(2\pi f_j t_i) e^{-5 t_i/\tau},\ \ldots$
  3. 2 $\frac{3}{4},\ \binom{3}{4},\ \stackrel{3}{4},\ \left(\frac{5 - \frac{1}{x}}{4}\right),\ \ldots$
  4. 3 $\sqrt{2},\ \sqrt[3]{x},\ \ldots$
  5. 4 $\mathrm{Roman}\ , \ \mathit{Italic}\ , \ \mathtt{Typewriter} \ \mathrm{or}\ \mathcal{CALLIGRAPHY}$
  6. 5 $\acute a,\ \bar a,\ \breve a,\ \dot a,\ \ddot a, \ \grave a, \ \hat a,\ \tilde a,\ \vec a,\ \widehat{xyz},\ \widetilde{xyz},\ \ldots$
  7. 6 $\alpha,\ \beta,\ \chi,\ \delta,\ \lambda,\ \mu,\ \Delta,\ \Gamma,\ \Omega,\ \Phi,\ \Pi,\ \Upsilon,\ \nabla,\ \aleph,\ \beth,\ \daleth,\ \gimel,\ \ldots$
  8. 7 $\coprod,\ \int,\ \oint,\ \prod,\ \sum,\ \log,\ \sin,\ \approx,\ \oplus,\ \star,\ \varpropto,\ \infty,\ \partial,\ \Re,\ \leftrightsquigarrow, \ \ldots$
  1. import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
  2. import subprocess
  3. import sys
  4. import re
  6. # Selection of features following "Writing mathematical expressions" tutorial
  7. mathtext_titles = {
  8.     0: "Header demo",
  9.     1: "Subscripts and superscripts",
  10.     2: "Fractions, binomials and stacked numbers",
  11.     3: "Radicals",
  12.     4: "Fonts",
  13.     5: "Accents",
  14.     6: "Greek, Hebrew",
  15.     7: "Delimiters, functions and Symbols"}
  16. n_lines = len(mathtext_titles)
  18. # Randomly picked examples
  19. mathext_demos = {
  20.     0: r"$W^{3\beta}_{\delta_1 \rho_1 \sigma_2} = "
  21.     r"U^{3\beta}_{\delta_1 \rho_1} + \frac{1}{8 \pi 2} "
  22.     r"\int^{\alpha_2}_{\alpha_2} d \alpha^\prime_2 \left[\frac{ "
  23.     r"U^{2\beta}_{\delta_1 \rho_1} - \alpha^\prime_2U^{1\beta}_"
  24.     r"{\rho_1 \sigma_2} }{U^{0\beta}_{\rho_1 \sigma_2}}\right]$",
  26.     1: r"$\alpha_i > \beta_i,\ "
  27.     r"\alpha_{i+1}^j = {\rm sin}(2\pi f_j t_i) e^{-5 t_i/\tau},\ "
  28.     r"\ldots$",
  30.     2: r"$\frac{3}{4},\ \binom{3}{4},\ \stackrel{3}{4},\ "
  31.     r"\left(\frac{5 - \frac{1}{x}}{4}\right),\ \ldots$",
  33.     3: r"$\sqrt{2},\ \sqrt[3]{x},\ \ldots$",
  35.     4: r"$\mathrm{Roman}\ , \ \mathit{Italic}\ , \ \mathtt{Typewriter} \ "
  36.     r"\mathrm{or}\ \mathcal{CALLIGRAPHY}$",
  38.     5: r"$\acute a,\ \bar a,\ \breve a,\ \dot a,\ \ddot a, \ \grave a, \ "
  39.     r"\hat a,\ \tilde a,\ \vec a,\ \widehat{xyz},\ \widetilde{xyz},\ "
  40.     r"\ldots$",
  42.     6: r"$\alpha,\ \beta,\ \chi,\ \delta,\ \lambda,\ \mu,\ "
  43.     r"\Delta,\ \Gamma,\ \Omega,\ \Phi,\ \Pi,\ \Upsilon,\ \nabla,\ "
  44.     r"\aleph,\ \beth,\ \daleth,\ \gimel,\ \ldots$",
  46.     7: r"$\coprod,\ \int,\ \oint,\ \prod,\ \sum,\ "
  47.     r"\log,\ \sin,\ \approx,\ \oplus,\ \star,\ \varpropto,\ "
  48.     r"\infty,\ \partial,\ \Re,\ \leftrightsquigarrow, \ \ldots$"}
  51. def doall():
  52.     # Colors used in mpl online documentation.
  53.     mpl_blue_rvb = (191. / 255., 209. / 256., 212. / 255.)
  54.     mpl_orange_rvb = (202. / 255., 121. / 256., 0. / 255.)
  55.     mpl_grey_rvb = (51. / 255., 51. / 255., 51. / 255.)
  57.     # Creating figure and axis.
  58.     plt.figure(figsize=(6, 7))
  59.     plt.axes([0.01, 0.01, 0.98, 0.90], facecolor="white", frameon=True)
  60.     plt.gca().set_xlim(0., 1.)
  61.     plt.gca().set_ylim(0., 1.)
  62.     plt.gca().set_title("Matplotlib's math rendering engine",
  63.                         color=mpl_grey_rvb, fontsize=14, weight='bold')
  64.     plt.gca().set_xticklabels("", visible=False)
  65.     plt.gca().set_yticklabels("", visible=False)
  67.     # Gap between lines in axes coords
  68.     line_axesfrac = (1. / (n_lines))
  70.     # Plotting header demonstration formula
  71.     full_demo = mathext_demos[0]
  72.     plt.annotate(full_demo,
  73.                  xy=(0.5, 1. - 0.59 * line_axesfrac),
  74.                  xycoords='data', color=mpl_orange_rvb, ha='center',
  75.                  fontsize=20)
  77.     # Plotting features demonstration formulae
  78.     for i_line in range(1, n_lines):
  79.         baseline = 1 - (i_line) * line_axesfrac
  80.         baseline_next = baseline - line_axesfrac
  81.         title = mathtext_titles[i_line] + ":"
  82.         fill_color = ['white', mpl_blue_rvb][i_line % 2]
  83.         plt.fill_between([0., 1.], [baseline, baseline],
  84.                          [baseline_next, baseline_next],
  85.                          color=fill_color, alpha=0.5)
  86.         plt.annotate(title,
  87.                      xy=(0.07, baseline - 0.3 * line_axesfrac),
  88.                      xycoords='data', color=mpl_grey_rvb, weight='bold')
  89.         demo = mathext_demos[i_line]
  90.         plt.annotate(demo,
  91.                      xy=(0.05, baseline - 0.75 * line_axesfrac),
  92.                      xycoords='data', color=mpl_grey_rvb,
  93.                      fontsize=16)
  95.     for i in range(n_lines):
  96.         s = mathext_demos[i]
  97.         print(i, s)
  98.     plt.show()
  101. if '--latex' in sys.argv:
  102.     # Run: python mathtext_examples.py --latex
  103.     # Need amsmath and amssymb packages.
  104.     fd = open("mathtext_examples.ltx", "w")
  105.     fd.write("\\documentclass{article}\n")
  106.     fd.write("\\usepackage{amsmath, amssymb}\n")
  107.     fd.write("\\begin{document}\n")
  108.     fd.write("\\begin{enumerate}\n")
  110.     for i in range(n_lines):
  111.         s = mathext_demos[i]
  112.         s = re.sub(r"(?<!\\)\$", "$$", s)
  113.         fd.write("\\item %s\n" % s)
  115.     fd.write("\\end{enumerate}\n")
  116.     fd.write("\\end{document}\n")
  117.     fd.close()
  119.     subprocess.call(["pdflatex", "mathtext_examples.ltx"])
  120. else:
  121.     doall()

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