绘制海豚

此示例显示如何使用Path，PathPatch和transforms类绘制和操作给定顶点和节点的形状。

  1. import matplotlib.cm as cm
  2. import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
  3. from matplotlib.patches import Circle, PathPatch
  4. from matplotlib.path import Path
  5. from matplotlib.transforms import Affine2D
  6. import numpy as np
  8. # Fixing random state for reproducibility
  9. np.random.seed(19680801)
  12. r = np.random.rand(50)
  13. t = np.random.rand(50) * np.pi * 2.0
  14. x = r * np.cos(t)
  15. y = r * np.sin(t)
  17. fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(6, 6))
  18. circle = Circle((0, 0), 1, facecolor='none',
  19.                 edgecolor=(0, 0.8, 0.8), linewidth=3, alpha=0.5)
  20. ax.add_patch(circle)
  22. im = plt.imshow(np.random.random((100, 100)),
  23.                 origin='lower', cmap=cm.winter,
  24.                 interpolation='spline36',
  25.                 extent=([-1, 1, -1, 1]))
  26. im.set_clip_path(circle)
  28. plt.plot(x, y, 'o', color=(0.9, 0.9, 1.0), alpha=0.8)
  30. # Dolphin from OpenClipart library by Andy Fitzsimon
  31. #       <cc:License rdf:about="http://web.resource.org/cc/PublicDomain">
  32. #         <cc:permits rdf:resource="http://web.resource.org/cc/Reproduction"/>
  33. #         <cc:permits rdf:resource="http://web.resource.org/cc/Distribution"/>
  34. #         <cc:permits rdf:resource="http://web.resource.org/cc/DerivativeWorks"/>
  35. #       </cc:License>
  37. dolphin = """
  38. M -0.59739425,160.18173 C -0.62740401,160.18885 -0.57867129,160.11183
  39. -0.57867129,160.11183 C -0.57867129,160.11183 -0.5438361,159.89315
  40. -0.39514638,159.81496 C -0.24645668,159.73678 -0.18316813,159.71981
  41. -0.18316813,159.71981 C -0.18316813,159.71981 -0.10322971,159.58124
  42. -0.057804323,159.58725 C -0.029723983,159.58913 -0.061841603,159.60356
  43. -0.071265813,159.62815 C -0.080250183,159.65325 -0.082918513,159.70554
  44. -0.061841203,159.71248 C -0.040763903,159.7194 -0.0066711426,159.71091
  45. 0.077336307,159.73612 C 0.16879567,159.76377 0.28380306,159.86448
  46. 0.31516668,159.91533 C 0.3465303,159.96618 0.5011127,160.1771
  47. 0.5011127,160.1771 C 0.63668998,160.19238 0.67763022,160.31259
  48. 0.66556395,160.32668 C 0.65339985,160.34212 0.66350443,160.33642
  49. 0.64907098,160.33088 C 0.63463742,160.32533 0.61309688,160.297
  50. 0.5789627,160.29339 C 0.54348657,160.28968 0.52329693,160.27674
  51. 0.50728856,160.27737 C 0.49060916,160.27795 0.48965803,160.31565
  52. 0.46114204,160.33673 C 0.43329696,160.35786 0.4570711,160.39871
  53. 0.43309565,160.40685 C 0.4105108,160.41442 0.39416631,160.33027
  54. 0.3954995,160.2935 C 0.39683269,160.25672 0.43807996,160.21522
  55. 0.44567915,160.19734 C 0.45327833,160.17946 0.27946869,159.9424
  56. -0.061852613,159.99845 C -0.083965233,160.0427 -0.26176109,160.06683
  57. -0.26176109,160.06683 C -0.30127962,160.07028 -0.21167141,160.09731
  58. -0.24649368,160.1011 C -0.32642366,160.11569 -0.34521187,160.06895
  59. -0.40622293,160.0819 C -0.467234,160.09485 -0.56738444,160.17461
  60. -0.59739425,160.18173
  61. """
  63. vertices = []
  64. codes = []
  65. parts = dolphin.split()
  66. i = 0
  67. code_map = {
  68.     'M': (Path.MOVETO, 1),
  69.     'C': (Path.CURVE4, 3),
  70.     'L': (Path.LINETO, 1)}
  72. while i < len(parts):
  73.     code = parts[i]
  74.     path_code, npoints = code_map[code]
  75.     codes.extend([path_code] * npoints)
  76.     vertices.extend([[float(x) for x in y.split(',')] for y in
  77.                      parts[i + 1:i + npoints + 1]])
  78.     i += npoints + 1
  79. vertices = np.array(vertices, float)
  80. vertices[:, 1] -= 160
  82. dolphin_path = Path(vertices, codes)
  83. dolphin_patch = PathPatch(dolphin_path, facecolor=(0.6, 0.6, 0.6),
  84.                           edgecolor=(0.0, 0.0, 0.0))
  85. ax.add_patch(dolphin_patch)
  87. vertices = Affine2D().rotate_deg(60).transform(vertices)
  88. dolphin_path2 = Path(vertices, codes)
  89. dolphin_patch2 = PathPatch(dolphin_path2, facecolor=(0.5, 0.5, 0.5),
  90.                            edgecolor=(0.0, 0.0, 0.0))
  91. ax.add_patch(dolphin_patch2)
  93. plt.show()

绘制海豚示例

参考

此示例中显示了以下函数，方法，类和模块的使用：

  1. import matplotlib
  2. matplotlib.path
  3. matplotlib.path.Path
  4. matplotlib.patches
  5. matplotlib.patches.PathPatch
  6. matplotlib.patches.Circle
  7. matplotlib.axes.Axes.add_patch
  8. matplotlib.transforms
  9. matplotlib.transforms.Affine2D
  10. matplotlib.transforms.Affine2D.rotate_deg

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