Fancybox演示

使用Matplotlib绘制精美的盒子。

以下示例显示如何绘制具有不同视觉属性的框。

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.transforms as mtransforms
import matplotlib.patches as mpatch
from matplotlib.patches import FancyBboxPatch

首先，我们将展示一些带有fancybox的样本盒。

styles = mpatch.BoxStyle.get_styles()
spacing = 1.2
figheight = (spacing * len(styles) + .5)
fig1 = plt.figure(1, (4 / 1.5, figheight / 1.5))
fontsize = 0.3 * 72
for i, stylename in enumerate(sorted(styles)):
    fig1.text(0.5, (spacing * (len(styles) - i) - 0.5) / figheight, stylename,
              ha="center",
              size=fontsize,
              transform=fig1.transFigure,
              bbox=dict(boxstyle=stylename, fc="w", ec="k"))
plt.show()

接下来，我们将同时展示多个精美的盒子。

# Bbox object around which the fancy box will be drawn.
bb = mtransforms.Bbox([[0.3, 0.4], [0.7, 0.6]])
def draw_bbox(ax, bb):
    # boxstyle=square with pad=0, i.e. bbox itself.
    p_bbox = FancyBboxPatch((bb.xmin, bb.ymin),
                            abs(bb.width), abs(bb.height),
                            boxstyle="square,pad=0.",
                            ec="k", fc="none", zorder=10.,
                            )
    ax.add_patch(p_bbox)
def test1(ax):
    # a fancy box with round corners. pad=0.1
    p_fancy = FancyBboxPatch((bb.xmin, bb.ymin),
                             abs(bb.width), abs(bb.height),
                             boxstyle="round,pad=0.1",
                             fc=(1., .8, 1.),
                             ec=(1., 0.5, 1.))
    ax.add_patch(p_fancy)
    ax.text(0.1, 0.8,
            r' boxstyle="round,pad=0.1"',
            size=10, transform=ax.transAxes)
    # draws control points for the fancy box.
    # l = p_fancy.get_path().vertices
    # ax.plot(l[:,0], l[:,1], ".")
    # draw the original bbox in black
    draw_bbox(ax, bb)
def test2(ax):
    # bbox=round has two optional argument. pad and rounding_size.
    # They can be set during the initialization.
    p_fancy = FancyBboxPatch((bb.xmin, bb.ymin),
                             abs(bb.width), abs(bb.height),
                             boxstyle="round,pad=0.1",
                             fc=(1., .8, 1.),
                             ec=(1., 0.5, 1.))
    ax.add_patch(p_fancy)
    # boxstyle and its argument can be later modified with
    # set_boxstyle method. Note that the old attributes are simply
    # forgotten even if the boxstyle name is same.
    p_fancy.set_boxstyle("round,pad=0.1, rounding_size=0.2")
    # or
    # p_fancy.set_boxstyle("round", pad=0.1, rounding_size=0.2)
    ax.text(0.1, 0.8,
            ' boxstyle="round,pad=0.1\n rounding_size=0.2"',
            size=10, transform=ax.transAxes)
    # draws control points for the fancy box.
    # l = p_fancy.get_path().vertices
    # ax.plot(l[:,0], l[:,1], ".")
    draw_bbox(ax, bb)
def test3(ax):
    # mutation_scale determine overall scale of the mutation,
    # i.e. both pad and rounding_size is scaled according to this
    # value.
    p_fancy = FancyBboxPatch((bb.xmin, bb.ymin),
                             abs(bb.width), abs(bb.height),
                             boxstyle="round,pad=0.1",
                             mutation_scale=2.,
                             fc=(1., .8, 1.),
                             ec=(1., 0.5, 1.))
    ax.add_patch(p_fancy)
    ax.text(0.1, 0.8,
            ' boxstyle="round,pad=0.1"\n mutation_scale=2',
            size=10, transform=ax.transAxes)
    # draws control points for the fancy box.
    # l = p_fancy.get_path().vertices
    # ax.plot(l[:,0], l[:,1], ".")
    draw_bbox(ax, bb)
def test4(ax):
    # When the aspect ratio of the axes is not 1, the fancy box may
    # not be what you expected (green)
    p_fancy = FancyBboxPatch((bb.xmin, bb.ymin),
                             abs(bb.width), abs(bb.height),
                             boxstyle="round,pad=0.2",
                             fc="none",
                             ec=(0., .5, 0.), zorder=4)
    ax.add_patch(p_fancy)
    # You can compensate this by setting the mutation_aspect (pink).
    p_fancy = FancyBboxPatch((bb.xmin, bb.ymin),
                             abs(bb.width), abs(bb.height),
                             boxstyle="round,pad=0.3",
                             mutation_aspect=.5,
                             fc=(1., 0.8, 1.),
                             ec=(1., 0.5, 1.))
    ax.add_patch(p_fancy)
    ax.text(0.1, 0.8,
            ' boxstyle="round,pad=0.3"\n mutation_aspect=.5',
            size=10, transform=ax.transAxes)
    draw_bbox(ax, bb)
def test_all():
    plt.clf()
    ax = plt.subplot(2, 2, 1)
    test1(ax)
    ax.set_xlim(0., 1.)
    ax.set_ylim(0., 1.)
    ax.set_title("test1")
    ax.set_aspect(1.)
    ax = plt.subplot(2, 2, 2)
    ax.set_title("test2")
    test2(ax)
    ax.set_xlim(0., 1.)
    ax.set_ylim(0., 1.)
    ax.set_aspect(1.)
    ax = plt.subplot(2, 2, 3)
    ax.set_title("test3")
    test3(ax)
    ax.set_xlim(0., 1.)
    ax.set_ylim(0., 1.)
    ax.set_aspect(1)
    ax = plt.subplot(2, 2, 4)
    ax.set_title("test4")
    test4(ax)
    ax.set_xlim(-0.5, 1.5)
    ax.set_ylim(0., 1.)
    ax.set_aspect(2.)
    plt.show()
test_all()

参考

此示例中显示了以下函数，方法，类和模块的使用：

import matplotlib
matplotlib.patches
matplotlib.patches.FancyBboxPatch
matplotlib.patches.BoxStyle
matplotlib.patches.BoxStyle.get_styles
matplotlib.transforms.Bbox

下载这个示例

• 下载python源码: fancybox_demo.py
• 下载Jupyter notebook: fancybox_demo.ipynb