设置和获取

pylot接口允许您使用setp和getp来设置和获取对象属性，以及对象进行内省。

设置

要将线条的线型设置为虚线，您可以执行以下操作：

  1. >>> line, = plt.plot([1,2,3])
  2. >>> plt.setp(line, linestyle='--')

如果要了解有效的参数类型，可以提供要设置的属性的名称而不使用值：

  1. >>> plt.setp(line, 'linestyle')
  2.     linestyle: [ '-' | '--' | '-.' | ':' | 'steps' | 'None' ]

如果要查看可以设置的所有属性及其可能的值，您可以执行以下操作：

  1. >>> plt.setp(line)

set在单个实例或实例列表上运行。如果您处于查询模式内省可能的值，则仅使用序列中的第一个实例。实际设置值时，全部 实例将被设置。 例如，假设您有两行的列表，以下将使两行变粗和变红：

  1. >>> x = np.arange(0,1.0,0.01)
  2. >>> y1 = np.sin(2*np.pi*x)
  3. >>> y2 = np.sin(4*np.pi*x)
  4. >>> lines = plt.plot(x, y1, x, y2)
  5. >>> plt.setp(lines, linewidth=2, color='r')

获取

get返回给定属性的值。 您可以使用get来查询单个属性的值：

  1. >>> plt.getp(line, 'linewidth')
  2.     0.5

或所有属性/值对：

  1. >>> plt.getp(line)
  2.     aa = True
  3.     alpha = 1.0
  4.     antialiased = True
  5.     c = b
  6.     clip_on = True
  7.     color = b
  8.     ... long listing skipped ...

别名

为了减少交互模式中的击键，许多属性具有短的别名，例如，’linew’为’lw’，’markeredgecolor’为’mec’。 当调用set或get in introspection模式时，这些属性将被列为’fullname或aliasname’。

别名

输出：

  1. Line setters
  2.   agg_filter: a filter function, which takes a (m, n, 3) float array and a dpi value, and returns a (m, n, 3) array
  3.   alpha: float
  4.   animated: bool
  5.   antialiased: bool
  6.   clip_box: `.Bbox`
  7.   clip_on: bool
  8.   clip_path: [(`~matplotlib.path.Path`, `.Transform`) | `.Patch` | None]
  9.   color: color
  10.   contains: callable
  11.   dash_capstyle: {'butt', 'round', 'projecting'}
  12.   dash_joinstyle: {'miter', 'round', 'bevel'}
  13.   dashes: sequence of floats (on/off ink in points) or (None, None)
  14.   drawstyle: {'default', 'steps', 'steps-pre', 'steps-mid', 'steps-post'}
  15.   figure: `.Figure`
  16.   fillstyle: {'full', 'left', 'right', 'bottom', 'top', 'none'}
  17.   gid: str
  18.   in_layout: bool
  19.   label: object
  20.   linestyle: {'-', '--', '-.', ':', '', (offset, on-off-seq), ...}
  21.   linewidth: float
  22.   marker: unknown
  23.   markeredgecolor: color
  24.   markeredgewidth: float
  25.   markerfacecolor: color
  26.   markerfacecoloralt: color
  27.   markersize: float
  28.   markevery: unknown
  29.   path_effects: `.AbstractPathEffect`
  30.   picker: float or callable[[Artist, Event], Tuple[bool, dict]]
  31.   pickradius: float
  32.   rasterized: bool or None
  33.   sketch_params: (scale: float, length: float, randomness: float)
  34.   snap: bool or None
  35.   solid_capstyle: {'butt', 'round', 'projecting'}
  36.   solid_joinstyle: {'miter', 'round', 'bevel'}
  37.   transform: matplotlib.transforms.Transform
  38.   url: str
  39.   visible: bool
  40.   xdata: 1D array
  41.   ydata: 1D array
  42.   zorder: float
  43. Line getters
  44.     agg_filter = None
  45.     alpha = None
  46.     animated = False
  47.     antialiased = True
  48.     children = []
  49.     clip_box = TransformedBbox(     Bbox(x0=0.0, y0=0.0, x1=1.0, ...
  50.     clip_on = True
  51.     clip_path = None
  52.     color = r
  53.     contains = None
  54.     dash_capstyle = butt
  55.     dash_joinstyle = round
  56.     data = (array([0.  , 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, 0.06, ...
  57.     drawstyle = default
  58.     figure = Figure(640x480)
  59.     fillstyle = full
  60.     gid = None
  61.     in_layout = True
  62.     label = _line0
  63.     linestyle = --
  64.     linewidth = 2.0
  65.     marker = None
  66.     markeredgecolor = r
  67.     markeredgewidth = 1.0
  68.     markerfacecolor = r
  69.     markerfacecoloralt = none
  70.     markersize = 6.0
  71.     markevery = None
  72.     path = Path(array([[ 0.00000000e+00,  0.00000000e+00],   ...
  73.     path_effects = []
  74.     picker = None
  75.     pickradius = 5
  76.     rasterized = None
  77.     sketch_params = None
  78.     snap = None
  79.     solid_capstyle = projecting
  80.     solid_joinstyle = round
  81.     transform = CompositeGenericTransform(     TransformWrapper(  ...
  82.     transformed_clip_path_and_affine = (None, None)
  83.     url = None
  84.     visible = True
  85.     xdata = [0.   0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05]...
  86.     xydata = [[0.         0.        ]  [0.01       0.06279052] ...
  87.     ydata = [0.         0.06279052 0.12533323 0.18738131 0.248...
  88.     zorder = 2
  89. Rectangle setters
  90.   agg_filter: a filter function, which takes a (m, n, 3) float array and a dpi value, and returns a (m, n, 3) array
  91.   alpha: float or None
  92.   animated: bool
  93.   antialiased: unknown
  94.   capstyle: {'butt', 'round', 'projecting'}
  95.   clip_box: `.Bbox`
  96.   clip_on: bool
  97.   clip_path: [(`~matplotlib.path.Path`, `.Transform`) | `.Patch` | None]
  98.   color: color
  99.   contains: callable
  100.   edgecolor: color or None or 'auto'
  101.   facecolor: color or None
  102.   figure: `.Figure`
  103.   fill: bool
  104.   gid: str
  105.   hatch: {'/', '\\', '|', '-', '+', 'x', 'o', 'O', '.', '*'}
  106.   height: unknown
  107.   in_layout: bool
  108.   joinstyle: {'miter', 'round', 'bevel'}
  109.   label: object
  110.   linestyle: {'-', '--', '-.', ':', '', (offset, on-off-seq), ...}
  111.   linewidth: float or None for default
  112.   path_effects: `.AbstractPathEffect`
  113.   picker: None or bool or float or callable
  114.   rasterized: bool or None
  115.   sketch_params: (scale: float, length: float, randomness: float)
  116.   snap: bool or None
  117.   transform: `.Transform`
  118.   url: str
  119.   visible: bool
  120.   width: unknown
  121.   x: unknown
  122.   xy: (float, float)
  123.   y: unknown
  124.   zorder: float
  125. Rectangle getters
  126.     agg_filter = None
  127.     alpha = None
  128.     animated = False
  129.     antialiased = True
  130.     bbox = Bbox(x0=0.0, y0=0.0, x1=1.0, y1=1.0)
  131.     capstyle = butt
  132.     children = []
  133.     clip_box = None
  134.     clip_on = True
  135.     clip_path = None
  136.     contains = None
  137.     data_transform = BboxTransformTo(     TransformedBbox(         Bbox...
  138.     edgecolor = (0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0)
  139.     extents = Bbox(x0=80.0, y0=52.8, x1=576.0, y1=422.4)
  140.     facecolor = (1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
  141.     figure = Figure(640x480)
  142.     fill = True
  143.     gid = None
  144.     hatch = None
  145.     height = 1.0
  146.     in_layout = True
  147.     joinstyle = miter
  148.     label =
  149.     linestyle = solid
  150.     linewidth = 0.0
  151.     patch_transform = CompositeGenericTransform(     BboxTransformTo(   ...
  152.     path = Path(array([[0., 0.],        [1., 0.],        [1.,...
  153.     path_effects = []
  154.     picker = None
  155.     rasterized = None
  156.     sketch_params = None
  157.     snap = None
  158.     transform = CompositeGenericTransform(     CompositeGenericTra...
  159.     transformed_clip_path_and_affine = (None, None)
  160.     url = None
  161.     verts = [[ 80.   52.8]  [576.   52.8]  [576.  422.4]  [ 80...
  162.     visible = True
  163.     width = 1.0
  164.     window_extent = Bbox(x0=80.0, y0=52.8, x1=576.0, y1=422.4)
  165.     x = 0.0
  166.     xy = (0.0, 0.0)
  167.     y = 0.0
  168.     zorder = 1
  169. Text setters
  170.   agg_filter: a filter function, which takes a (m, n, 3) float array and a dpi value, and returns a (m, n, 3) array
  171.   alpha: float
  172.   animated: bool
  173.   backgroundcolor: color
  174.   bbox: dict with properties for `.patches.FancyBboxPatch`
  175.   clip_box: `matplotlib.transforms.Bbox`
  176.   clip_on: bool
  177.   clip_path: { (`.path.Path`, `.transforms.Transform`), `.patches.Patch`, None }
  178.   color: color
  179.   contains: callable
  180.   figure: `.Figure`
  181.   fontfamily: {FONTNAME, 'serif', 'sans-serif', 'cursive', 'fantasy', 'monospace'}
  182.   fontname: {FONTNAME, 'serif', 'sans-serif', 'cursive', 'fantasy', 'monospace'}
  183.   fontproperties: `.font_manager.FontProperties`
  184.   fontsize: {size in points, 'xx-small', 'x-small', 'small', 'medium', 'large', 'x-large', 'xx-large'}
  185.   fontstretch: {a numeric value in range 0-1000, 'ultra-condensed', 'extra-condensed', 'condensed', 'semi-condensed', 'normal', 'semi-expanded', 'expanded', 'extra-expanded', 'ultra-expanded'}
  186.   fontstyle: {'normal', 'italic', 'oblique'}
  187.   fontvariant: {'normal', 'small-caps'}
  188.   fontweight: {a numeric value in range 0-1000, 'ultralight', 'light', 'normal', 'regular', 'book', 'medium', 'roman', 'semibold', 'demibold', 'demi', 'bold', 'heavy', 'extra bold', 'black'}
  189.   gid: str
  190.   horizontalalignment: {'center', 'right', 'left'}
  191.   in_layout: bool
  192.   label: object
  193.   linespacing: float (multiple of font size)
  194.   multialignment: {'left', 'right', 'center'}
  195.   path_effects: `.AbstractPathEffect`
  196.   picker: None or bool or float or callable
  197.   position: (float, float)
  198.   rasterized: bool or None
  199.   rotation: {angle in degrees, 'vertical', 'horizontal'}
  200.   rotation_mode: {None, 'default', 'anchor'}
  201.   sketch_params: (scale: float, length: float, randomness: float)
  202.   snap: bool or None
  203.   text: string or object castable to string (but ``None`` becomes ``''``)
  204.   transform: `.Transform`
  205.   url: str
  206.   usetex: bool or None
  207.   verticalalignment: {'center', 'top', 'bottom', 'baseline', 'center_baseline'}
  208.   visible: bool
  209.   wrap: bool
  210.   x: float
  211.   y: float
  212.   zorder: float
  213. Text getters
  214.     agg_filter = None
  215.     alpha = None
  216.     animated = False
  217.     bbox_patch = None
  218.     children = []
  219.     clip_box = None
  220.     clip_on = True
  221.     clip_path = None
  222.     color = black
  223.     contains = None
  224.     figure = Figure(640x480)
  225.     fontfamily = ['sans-serif']
  226.     fontname = DejaVu Sans
  227.     fontproperties = :family=sans-serif:style=normal:variant=normal:wei...
  228.     fontsize = 12.0
  229.     fontstyle = normal
  230.     fontvariant = normal
  231.     fontweight = normal
  232.     gid = None
  233.     horizontalalignment = center
  234.     in_layout = True
  235.     label =
  236.     path_effects = []
  237.     picker = None
  238.     position = (0.5, 1.0)
  239.     rasterized = None
  240.     rotation = 0.0
  241.     rotation_mode = None
  242.     sketch_params = None
  243.     snap = None
  244.     stretch = normal
  245.     text = Hi mom
  246.     transform = CompositeGenericTransform(     BboxTransformTo(   ...
  247.     transformed_clip_path_and_affine = (None, None)
  248.     unitless_position = (0.5, 1.0)
  249.     url = None
  250.     usetex = False
  251.     verticalalignment = baseline
  252.     visible = True
  253.     wrap = False
  254.     zorder = 3
  1. import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
  2. import numpy as np
  5. x = np.arange(0, 1.0, 0.01)
  6. y1 = np.sin(2*np.pi*x)
  7. y2 = np.sin(4*np.pi*x)
  8. lines = plt.plot(x, y1, x, y2)
  9. l1, l2 = lines
  10. plt.setp(lines, linestyle='--')       # set both to dashed
  11. plt.setp(l1, linewidth=2, color='r')  # line1 is thick and red
  12. plt.setp(l2, linewidth=1, color='g')  # line2 is thinner and green
  15. print('Line setters')
  16. plt.setp(l1)
  17. print('Line getters')
  18. plt.getp(l1)
  20. print('Rectangle setters')
  21. plt.setp(plt.gca().patch)
  22. print('Rectangle getters')
  23. plt.getp(plt.gca().patch)
  25. t = plt.title('Hi mom')
  26. print('Text setters')
  27. plt.setp(t)
  28. print('Text getters')
  29. plt.getp(t)
  31. plt.show()

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