Spring ClassPathResource
教程显示了如何在 Spring 应用中使用ClassPathResource
读取资源。
Spring 是用于创建企业应用的流行 Java 应用框架。
Spring ClassPathResource
ClassPathResource
允许从 Java 类路径获取资源。
Spring ClassPathResource
示例
该应用从 Java 类路径中的文件读取文本数据。
src
├───main
│ ├───java
│ │ └───com
│ │ └───zetcode
│ │ │ Application.java
│ │ └───service
│ │ ReadWordsService.java
│ └───resources
│ logback.xml
│ my-beans.xml
│ words.txt
└───test
└───java
这是项目结构。
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.zetcode</groupId>
<artifactId>classpathres</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>11</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>11</maven.compiler.target>
<spring-version>5.1.3.RELEASE</spring-version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
<version>1.2.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring-version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring-version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
<artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>1.6.0</version>
<configuration>
<mainClass>com.zetcode.Application</mainClass>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
在pom.xml
文件中,我们具有基本的 Spring 依赖项spring-core
和spring-context
和日志记录logback-classic
依赖项。
exec-maven-plugin
用于在命令行上从 Maven 执行 Spring 应用。
resources/my-beans.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean name="readWordsService" class="com.zetcode.service.ReadWordsService"/>
</beans>
在my-beans.xml
文件中,我们配置readWordsService
bean。 它成为 Spring 托管的 bean。
resources/words.txt
sky
blue
mountain
fresh
cloud
rock
water
melon
resources
目录包含在类路径中。 该应用从words.txt
文件中读取单词。
resources/logback.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration>
<logger name="org.springframework" level="ERROR"/>
<logger name="com.zetcode" level="INFO"/>
<appender name="consoleAppender" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
<encoder>
<Pattern>%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %blue(%-5level) %magenta(%logger{36}) - %msg %n
</Pattern>
</encoder>
</appender>
<root>
<level value="INFO" />
<appender-ref ref="consoleAppender" />
</root>
</configuration>
logback.xml
是 Logback 日志库的配置文件。
com/zetcode/service/ReadWordsService.java
package com.zetcode.service;
import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.util.List;
public class ReadWordsService {
public List<String> readWords() throws IOException {
var res = new ClassPathResource("words.txt");
var myFile = res.getFile();
var lines = Files.readAllLines(myFile.toPath());
return lines;
}
}
ReadWordsService
将单词读入列表,并将列表返回给客户端。
var res = new ClassPathResource("words.txt");
ClassPathResource
用于定位文本文件。
com/zetcode/Application.java
package com.zetcode;
import com.zetcode.service.ReadWordsService;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.context.support.GenericXmlApplicationContext;
import java.io.IOException;
public class Application {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Application.class);
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
var ctx = new GenericXmlApplicationContext("my-beans.xml");
var wordsService = (ReadWordsService) ctx.getBean("readWordsService");
var words = wordsService.readWords();
words.forEach(word -> logger.info(word));
ctx.close();
}
}
这是主要的应用类。
var wordsService = (ReadWordsService) ctx.getBean("readWordsService");
var words = wordsService.readWords();
words.forEach(word -> logger.info(word));
我们从容器中检索readWordsService
bean,并调用其readWords()
方法。 文字将打印到控制台。
$ mvn -q exec:java
00:25:49.008 [com.zetcode.Application.main()] INFO com.zetcode.Application - sky
00:25:49.008 [com.zetcode.Application.main()] INFO com.zetcode.Application - blue
00:25:49.008 [com.zetcode.Application.main()] INFO com.zetcode.Application - mountain
00:25:49.008 [com.zetcode.Application.main()] INFO com.zetcode.Application - fresh
00:25:49.008 [com.zetcode.Application.main()] INFO com.zetcode.Application - cloud
00:25:49.008 [com.zetcode.Application.main()] INFO com.zetcode.Application - rock
00:25:49.008 [com.zetcode.Application.main()] INFO com.zetcode.Application - water
00:25:49.008 [com.zetcode.Application.main()] INFO com.zetcode.Application - melon
我们运行该应用。
在本教程中,我们使用了 Spring 的ClassPathResource
。
您可能也对这些相关教程感兴趣:经典 Spring 应用中的JdbcTemplate
, Spring 单例范围 bean , Spring 注入列表 XML 教程, Spring BeanDefinitionBuilder
教程, Spring HikariCP 教程和 Java 教程。