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Debug

debug至少需要两个json文件：task.json、launch.json；（为了debug而准备得）

task.json

tasks.json 定义一组任务。其中我们需要的是编译任务，通常编译一个项目使用的动词是 build。比如 dotnet build 命令就是这样的动词。
于是定义一个名字为 build 的任务，对应 label 标签。command 和 args 对应我们在命令行中编译一个项目时使用的命令行和参数。type 为 process 表示此任务是启动一个进程。
例如：

  1. {
  2.     "version": "2.0.0",
  3.     "tasks": [
  4.         {
  5.             "type": "shell",
  6.             "label": "C/C++: g++.exe build active file",
  7.             "command": "D:\\mingw-w64\\x86_64-8.1.0-win32-seh-rt_v6-rev0\\mingw64\\bin\\g++.exe",
  8.             "args": [
  9.                 "-g",
  10.                 "${file}",
  11.                 "-o",
  12.                 "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe"
  13.             ],
  14.             "options": {
  15.                 "cwd": "D:\\mingw-w64\\x86_64-8.1.0-win32-seh-rt_v6-rev0\\mingw64\\bin"
  16.             },
  17.             "problemMatcher": [
  18.                 "$gcc"
  19.             ],
  20.             "group": {
  21.                 "kind": "build",
  22.                 "isDefault": true
  23.             }
  24.         }
  25.     ]
  26. }

其中的command和args也就是对应我们在命令行输入的命令！
当为多文件需要编译时："${file}"可以换成"${workspaceFolder}\\*.cpp"，但是注意路径里面文件夹名称不要有汉字或者空格，否则会报一些奇怪得错误！

launch.json

launch.json中通常配置两个启动配置，一个是启动调试，一个是附加调试。
其中的type表示调试类型，preLaunchTask 表示在此启动开始之前需要执行的任务，这里指定的 _build_ 跟前面的 _build_ 任务就关联起来了。program 是调试的程序路径，console 指定调试控制台使用内部控制台。

  1. {
  2.     // Use IntelliSense to learn about possible attributes.
  3.     // Hover to view descriptions of existing attributes.
  4.     // For more information, visit: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
  5.     "version": "0.2.0",
  6.     "configurations": [
  7.         {
  8.             "name": "g++.exe - 生成和调试活动文件",
  9.             "type": "cppdbg",
  10.             "request": "launch",
  11.             "program": "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
  12.             "args": [],
  13.             "stopAtEntry": false,
  14.             "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
  15.             "environment": [],
  16.             "externalConsole": false,
  17.             "MIMode": "gdb",
  18.             "miDebuggerPath": "D:\\mingw-w64\\x86_64-8.1.0-win32-seh-rt_v6-rev0\\mingw64\\bin\\gdb.exe",
  19.             "setupCommands": [
  20.                 {
  21.                     "description": "为 gdb 启用整齐打印",
  22.                     "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
  23.                     "ignoreFailures": true
  24.                 }
  25.             ],
  26.             "preLaunchTask": "C/C++: g++.exe build active file"
  27.         }
  28.     ]
  29. }

如果安装了多个版本的 MinGW，那么编译文件的g++和调试文件的GDB版本需要对应！不然会报错！

设置

setting.json

和file -> preference -> setting对应。

cmake和mingw32-make编译

VS Code下 cmake 配置C++环境（windows ） cmakelist编写等

  1. 编写CMakeLists.txt文件；

例如下面包含 OpenCV 库的MakeLists.txt文件编写：链接

  1. cmd中输入cmake -G "MinGW Makefiles" .产生makefile文件；
  2. cmd中输入mingw32-make进行编译；

注意最后还需要make才能生成可执行文件，make在安装得MinGW（Minimalist GNU for Windows适用于windows的GNU）中有，但是其名称为：mingw32-make.exe，所以在make的时候需要输入mingw32-make！

VS Code 配置 OpenCV 4.5.0

task.json

  1. {
  2.     "version": "2.0.0",
  3.     "tasks": [
  4.         {
  5.             "type": "shell",
  6.             "label": "C/C++: g++.exe build active file",
  7.             "command": "g++",
  8.             "args": [
  9.                 "-g",
  10.                 "${workspaceFolder}/*.cpp",
  11.                 "-o",
  12.                 "${workspaceFolder}/main.exe",
  14.                 "-I", "D:/OpenCV/opencv/build/x64/MinGW/install/include",
  15.                 "-I", "D:/OpenCV/opencv/build/x64/MinGW/install/include/opencv2",
  16.                 "-L", "D:/OpenCV/opencv/build/x64/MinGW/lib",
  18.                 "-l", "libopencv_calib3d450",          // 后三位数字为opencv对应版本4.5.0
  19.                 "-l", "libopencv_core450",
  20.                 "-l", "libopencv_dnn450",
  21.                 "-l", "libopencv_features2d450",
  22.                 "-l", "libopencv_flann450",
  23.                 "-l", "libopencv_gapi450",
  24.                 "-l", "libopencv_highgui450",
  25.                 "-l", "libopencv_imgcodecs450",
  26.                 "-l", "libopencv_imgproc450",
  27.                 "-l", "libopencv_ml450",
  28.                 "-l", "libopencv_objdetect450",
  29.                 "-l", "libopencv_photo450",
  30.                 "-l", "libopencv_stitching450",
  31.                 "-l", "libopencv_video450",
  33.                 "-l", "libopencv_videoio450",    // 不加这个处理视频时VideoCapture会报错
  34.             ],
  35.             "options": {
  36.                 "cwd": "D:/MinGW/bin"
  37.             },
  38.             "problemMatcher": [
  39.                 "$gcc"
  40.             ],
  41.             "group": {
  42.                 "kind": "build",
  43.                 "isDefault": true
  44.             }
  45.         }
  47.     ]
  48. }

关键在于 OpenCV 链接

c_cpp_properties.json

  1. {
  2.     "configurations": [
  3.         {
  4.             "name": "Win32",
  5.             "includePath": [
  6.                 "${workspaceFolder}/**",
  7.                 "E:/410 Projects/Self Study/C++_Codes/test",
  8.                 "D:/OpenCV/opencv/build/x64/MinGW/install/include",
  9.                 "D:/OpenCV/opencv/build/x64/MinGW/install/include/opencv2"
  10.             ],
  11.             "defines": [
  13.                 "_DEBUG",
  14.                 "UNICODE",
  15.                 "_UNICODE"
  16.             ],
  17.             "compilerPath": "D:/MinGW/bin/g++.exe",
  18.             "cStandard": "c11",
  19.             "cppStandard": "gnu++14",
  20.             "intelliSenseMode": "gcc-x64"
  21.         }
  22.     ],
  23.     "version": 4
  24. }

includePath 里面加入 OpenCV 路径