原文： https://www.programiz.com/cpp-programming/examples/time-structure

要理解此示例，您应该了解以下 C++ 编程主题：

示例：程序与时间差异

  1. // Computes time difference of two time period
  2. // Time periods are entered by the user
  4. #include <iostream>
  5. using namespace std;
  7. struct TIME
  8. {
  9.   int seconds;
  10.   int minutes;
  11.   int hours;
  12. };
  14. void computeTimeDifference(struct TIME, struct TIME, struct TIME *);
  16. int main()
  17. {
  18.     struct TIME t1, t2, difference;
  20.     cout << "Enter start time." << endl;
  21.     cout << "Enter hours, minutes and seconds respectively: ";
  22.     cin >> t1.hours >> t1.minutes >> t1.seconds;
  24.     cout << "Enter stop time." << endl;
  25.     cout << "Enter hours, minutes and seconds respectively: ";
  26.     cin >> t2.hours >> t2.minutes >> t2.seconds;
  28.     computeTimeDifference(t1, t2, &difference);
  30.     cout << endl << "TIME DIFFERENCE: " << t1.hours << ":" << t1.minutes << ":" << t1.seconds;
  31.     cout << " - " << t2.hours << ":" << t2.minutes << ":" << t2.seconds;
  32.     cout << " = " << difference.hours << ":" << difference.minutes << ":" << difference.seconds;
  33.     return 0;
  34. }
  35. void computeTimeDifference(struct TIME t1, struct TIME t2, struct TIME *difference){
  37.     if(t2.seconds > t1.seconds)
  38.     {
  39.         --t1.minutes;
  40.         t1.seconds += 60;
  41.     }
  43.     difference->seconds = t1.seconds - t2.seconds;
  44.     if(t2.minutes > t1.minutes)
  45.     {
  46.         --t1.hours;
  47.         t1.minutes += 60;
  48.     }
  49.     difference->minutes = t1.minutes-t2.minutes;
  50.     difference->hours = t1.hours-t2.hours;
  51. }

输出

  1. Enter hours, minutes and seconds respectively: 11
  2. 33
  3. 52
  4. Enter stop time.
  5. Enter hours, minutes and seconds respectively: 8
  6. 12
  7. 15
  9. TIME DIFFERENCE: 11:33:52 - 8:12:15 = 3:21:37

在该程序中，要求用户输入两个时间段，这两个时间段分别存储在结构变量t1和t2中。

然后，computeTimeDifference()函数计算时间段之间的时差，结果从main()函数显示在屏幕上，而不会返回（通过引用调用）。