1. Why an Agile Framework Like Scrum Works

  • As mentioned in more detail above, scrum is an agile framework that helps companies meet complex, changing needs while creating high-quality products and services. Scrum works by delivering large projects in small chunks—bite-sized increments that a cross-functional team can begin and complete in one, short timeboxed iteration.
  • As each product increment is completed, teams review the functionality and then decide what to create next based on what they learned and the feedback they received during the review. These frequent inspect and adapt cycles reduce waste and minimize risk. The teams also inspect their use of scrum, looking for ways to improve. At the end of each timebox, teams begin a new iteration until they deliver the complete product or service, or until what they have released so far fulfills customer needs.
  • 翻译：如上所述，Scrum是一种敏捷框架，可以帮助企业满足复杂的、不断变化的需求，同时创建高质量的产品和服务。Scrum的工作方式是将大型项目以小块的方式交付，跨职能团队可以在短时间内开始并完成一个迭代。
  • 随着每个产品增量的完成，团队会审查功能，然后根据他们在审查期间学到的和收到的反馈决定下一步要创建什么。这些频繁的检查和调整循环可以减少浪费和降低风险。团队还检查他们对Scrum的使用，寻找改进的方法。在每个时间框的末尾，团队开始一个新的迭代，直到他们交付了完整的产品或服务，或者直到他们已经发布的产品满足了客户的需求。

2. Scrum & the Three Pillars of Empirical Process Control

  • Scrum is based on the theory of empirical process control, which relies on transparency, inspection, & adaptation.
  • 翻译：Scrum基于经验过程控制理论，它依赖于透明度、检查和适应。

  • image.png

    透明 Transparency

  • To make decisions, people need visibility into the process and the current state of the product. To ensure everyone understands what they are seeing, participants in an empirical process must share one language.

  • Sprint Reviews Provide Transparency.
  • Scrum’s frequent reviews give team members and stakeholders a clear view into the state of the project.
  • 翻译：为了做出决策，人们需要对流程和产品当前状态的可见性。为了确保每个人都理解他们所看到的，经验过程中的参与者必须共享一种语言。
  • Sprint评审提供了透明度。

  • Scrum的频繁审查让团队成员和干系人对项目的状态有了一个清晰的了解。

    自检 Inspection

  • To prevent deviation from the desired process or end product, people need to inspect what is being created, and how, at regular intervals. Inspection should occur at the point of work but should not get in the way of that work.

  • Sprint Reviews & Retrospectives Offer Inspection Opportunities. Scrum teams inspect their completed work and their process at the end of every iteration during the sprint reviews and sprint retrospectives.
  • 翻译：为了防止偏离预期的过程或最终产品，人们需要定期检查正在创建什么，以及如何创建。检查应该发生在工作点，但不应该妨碍工作。

  • Sprint评审和回顾提供了检查的机会。在每次迭代结束时，Scrum团队会在sprint评审和sprint回顾期间检查他们完成的工作和过程。

    适应 Adaptation

  • Adaptation means that when deviations occur, the process or product should be adjusted as soon as possible. Scrum Teams Can Adapt the Product at the End of Every Sprint. Scrum allows for adjustments at the end of every iteration.

  • 翻译：适应是指当出现偏差时，应尽快对工艺或产品进行调整。Scrum团队可以在每个Sprint结束时调整产品。Scrum允许在每次迭代结束时进行调整。

3. Scrum Is Iterative & Incremental

  • Scrum is also both iterative and incremental.

    迭代 Iterative

  • Iterative processes are a way to arrive at a decision or a desired result by repeating rounds of analysis or a cycle of operations. The objective is to bring the desired decision or result closer to discovery with each repetition (iteration). Scrum’s use of a repeating cycle of iterations is iterative.

  • 翻译：迭代过程是一种通过反复的分析或操作循环来达到决策或期望结果的方法。目标是通过每次重复（迭代）使期望的决策或结果更接近发现。Scrum使用的迭代循环是迭代的。

    增量 Incremental

  • Incremental refers to a series of small improvements to an existing product or product line that usually helps maintain or improve its competitive position over time. Incremental innovation is regularly used within the high technology business by companies that need to continue to improve their products to include new features increasingly desired by consumers. The way scrum teams deliver pieces of functionality into small batches is incremental.

  • 翻译：增量是指对现有产品或产品线的一系列小改进，这些改进通常有助于保持或提高其竞争地位。在高科技行业中，需要不断改进产品以包含消费者日益渴望的新功能的公司经常使用渐进式创新。Scrum团队将功能分成小批量交付的方式是增量式的。

    4. The Five Scrum Values

  • A team’s success with scrum depends on five values: commitment, courage, focus, openness, and respect.

  • 翻译：Scrum团队的成功取决于5个价值观：承诺、勇气、专注、开放和尊重。

    承诺 Commitment

  • The scrum value of commitment is essential for building an agile culture. Scrum teams work together as a unit. This means that scrum and agile teams trust each other to follow through on what they say they are going to do. When team members aren’t sure how work is going, they ask. Agile teams only agree to take on tasks they believe they can complete, so they are careful not to overcommit.

  • 翻译：承诺的Scrum价值对于构建敏捷文化至关重要。Scrum团队作为一个单元一起工作。这意味着Scrum和敏捷团队彼此信任，会按照他们说的去做。当团队成员不确定工作进展如何时，他们会问。敏捷团队只同意承担他们认为自己能完成的任务，所以他们很小心，不要过度承诺。

    勇气 Courage

  • The Scrum value of courage is critical to an agile team’s success. Scrum teams must feel safe enough to say no, to ask for help, and to try new things. Agile teams must be brave enough to question the status quo when it hampers their ability to succeed.

  • 翻译：勇敢的Scrum价值观对于敏捷团队的成功至关重要。Scrum团队必须有足够的安全感去拒绝，去寻求帮助，去尝试新事物。当现状阻碍了他们成功的能力时，敏捷团队必须勇敢地质疑现状。

    专注 Focus

  • The scrum value of focus is one of the best skills scrum teams can develop. Focus means that whatever scrum teams start they finish—so agile teams are relentless about limiting the amount of work in process (limit WIP).

  • 翻译：专注的Scrum价值是Scrum团队可以培养的最佳技能之一。专注意味着无论Scrum团队开始什么，他们都会完成——所以敏捷团队会无情地限制在过程中的工作量（限制在制品数量）。

    开放 Openness

  • Scrum teams consistently seek out new ideas and opportunities to learn. Agile teams are also honest when they need help.

  • 翻译：Scrum团队不断地寻找新的想法和学习的机会。敏捷团队在需要帮助的时候也是诚实的。

    尊重 Respect

  • Scrum team members demonstrate respect to one another, to the product owner, to stakeholders, and to the Scrum Master. Agile teams know that their strength lies in how well they collaborate and that everyone has a distinct contribution to make toward completing the work of the sprint. They respect each other’s ideas, give each other permission to have a bad day once in a while, and recognize each other’s accomplishments.

  • 翻译：Scrum团队成员要尊重彼此、产品负责人、干系人和Scrum领导者。敏捷团队知道他们的优势在于他们的协作程度，每个人都可以为完成sprint的工作做出独特的贡献。他们尊重彼此的想法，允许彼此偶尔过糟糕的一天，认可彼此的成就。