第一章:准备工作
1.1 环境搭建
- IDEA 2021+。
- JDK 11。
- Maven 3.8。
- MySQL 5.7。
1.2 导入依赖
<!-- Spring -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>5.3.12</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>5.3.12</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>5.3.12</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring 持久化层支持jar包 -->
<!-- Spring 在执行持久化层操作、与持久化层技术进行整合过程中,需要使用orm、jdbc、tx三个jar包 -->
<!-- 导入 orm 包就可以通过 Maven 的依赖传递性把其他两个也导入 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>5.3.12</version>
</dependency>
<!-- MySQL驱动 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.19</version>
</dependency>
<!-- junit单元测试 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.13.2</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 数据库连接池 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.2.8</version>
</dependency>
1.3 数据库属性文件
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&autoReconnect=true&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true
jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456
1.4 SQL 脚本
CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS `test` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci;
USE `test`
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `emp`;
CREATE TABLE `emp` (
`emp_id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`emp_name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`emp_salary` double DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`emp_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;
INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES (1, '张三', 5000);
INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES (2, '李四', 6000);
INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES (3, '王五', 7000);
1.5 Spring 的配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
<!-- 配置自动扫描的包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.github.fairy.era"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 导入数据库连接信息 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="db.properties"></context:property-placeholder>
<!-- 配置数据库连接池 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"></property>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置jdbcTemplate -->
<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
1.6 创建测试类
package com.github.fairy.era.bean;
import com.github.fairy.era.service.EmpService;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
/**
* @author 许大仙
* @version 1.0
* @since 2021-11-05 11:02
*/
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(value = {"classpath:applicationContext.xml"})
public class SpringTest {
@Autowired
private EmpService empService;
@Test
public void test() {
empService.updateEmpSalary(1, 5000.21);
}
}
1.7 创建组件
1.7.1 持久层组件
package com.github.fairy.era.dao;
/**
* @author 许大仙
* @version 1.0
* @since 2021-11-09 14:23
*/
public interface EmpDao {
void updateEmpNameById(Integer empId, String empName);
void updateEmpSalaryById(Integer empId, double empSalary);
String selectEmpNameById(Integer empId);
}
package com.github.fairy.era.dao.impl;
import com.github.fairy.era.dao.EmpDao;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
/**
* @author 许大仙
* @version 1.0
* @since 2021-11-09 14:23
*/
@Repository
public class EmpDaoImpl implements EmpDao {
@Autowired
private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
@Override
public void updateEmpNameById(Integer empId, String empName) {
jdbcTemplate.update(" UPDATE emp SET emp_name = ? WHERE emp_id = ? ", empName, empId);
}
@Override
public void updateEmpSalaryById(Integer empId, double empSalary) {
jdbcTemplate.update(" UPDATE emp SET emp_salary = ? WHERE emp_id = ? ", empSalary, empId);
}
@Override
public String selectEmpNameById(Integer empId) {
return jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(" SELECT emp_name FROM emp WHERE emp_id = ? ", String.class, empId);
}
}
1.7.2 创建业务层组件
package com.github.fairy.era.service;
/**
* @author 许大仙
* @version 1.0
* @since 2021-11-09 14:45
*/
public interface EmpService {
void updateEmpSalary(Integer empId, Double empSalary);
}
package com.github.fairy.era.service.impl;
import com.github.fairy.era.dao.EmpDao;
import com.github.fairy.era.service.EmpService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
/**
* @author 许大仙
* @version 1.0
* @since 2021-11-09 14:46
*/
@Service
public class EmpServiceImpl implements EmpService {
@Autowired
private EmpDao empDao;
@Override
public void updateEmpSalary(Integer empId, Double empSalary) {
// 模拟异常
int i = 10 / 0;
empDao.updateEmpSalaryById(empId, empSalary);
}
}
第二章:修改 Spring 的配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<!-- 配置自动扫描的包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.github.fairy.era"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 导入数据库连接信息 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="db.properties"></context:property-placeholder>
<!-- 配置数据库连接池 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"></property>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置jdbcTemplate -->
<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<!-- 事务管理器的bean只需要装配数据源,其他属性保持默认值即可 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<aop:config>
<!-- 配置切入点表达式,将事务功能定位到具体方法上 -->
<aop:pointcut id="txPoincut" expression="execution(* *..*Service.*(..))"/>
<!-- 将事务通知和切入点表达式关联起来 -->
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPoincut"/>
</aop:config>
<!-- tx:advice标签:配置事务通知 -->
<!-- id属性:给事务通知标签设置唯一标识,便于引用 -->
<!-- transaction-manager属性:关联事务管理器 -->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<tx:attributes>
<!-- tx:method标签:配置具体的事务方法 -->
<!-- name属性:指定方法名,可以使用星号代表多个字符 -->
<tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/>
<tx:method name="query*" read-only="true"/>
<tx:method name="find*" read-only="true"/>
<!-- read-only属性:设置只读属性 -->
<!-- rollback-for属性:设置回滚的异常 -->
<!-- no-rollback-for属性:设置不回滚的异常 -->
<!-- isolation属性:设置事务的隔离级别 -->
<!-- timeout属性:设置事务的超时属性 -->
<!-- propagation属性:设置事务的传播行为 -->
<tx:method name="save*" read-only="false" rollback-for="java.lang.Exception" propagation="REQUIRES_NEW"/>
<tx:method name="update*" read-only="false" rollback-for="java.lang.Exception" propagation="REQUIRES_NEW"/>
<tx:method name="delete*" read-only="false" rollback-for="java.lang.Exception" propagation="REQUIRES_NEW"/>
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
</beans>
第三章:注意
- 即使需要事务功能的目标方法已经被切入点表达式涵盖到了,但是如果没有给它配置事务属性,那么这个方法就还是没有事务。所以事务属性必须配置。