安装必须包

[compiler] sudo apt-get install build-essential
[required] sudo apt-get install cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev
[optional] sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev

若出现 E: Unable to locate package libjasper-dev 可以根据 https://blog.csdn.net/CAU_Ayao/article/details/83990246 解决

编译源代码

git clone https://github.com/opencv/opencv.git
git clone https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib.git
cd ~/opencv
mkdir build
cd build
cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local ..
make -j7 # runs 7 jobs in parallel

参考：https://docs.opencv.org/master/d7/d9f/tutorial_linux_install.html