手写Promise

简易版

class Promise {
  success = []
  failure = []
  constructor(fn) {
    const resolve = (data) => {
      setTimeout(() => {
        for (let i = 0; i < this.success.length; i++) {
          this.success[i](data)
        }
      })
    }
    const reject = (reason) => {
      setTimeout(() => {
        for (let i = 0; i < this.failure.length; i++) {
          this.failure[i](reason)
        }
      })
    }
    fn(resolve, reject)
  }
  then(s, f) {
    this.success.push(s)
    this.failure.push(f)
    return this
  }
}

完整版

// 三种状态
const PENDING = "pending";
const RESOLVED = "resolved";
const REJECTED = "rejected";
// promise 接收一个函数参数，该函数会立即执行
function MyPromise(fn) {
  let _this = this;
  _this.currentState = PENDING;
  _this.value = undefined;
  // 用于保存 then 中的回调，只有当 promise
  // 状态为 pending 时才会缓存，并且每个实例至多缓存一个
  _this.resolvedCallbacks = [];
  _this.rejectedCallbacks = [];
  _this.resolve = function (value) {
    if (value instanceof MyPromise) {
      // 如果 value 是个 Promise，递归执行
      return value.then(_this.resolve, _this.reject)
    }
    setTimeout(() => { // 异步执行，保证执行顺序
      if (_this.currentState === PENDING) {
        _this.currentState = RESOLVED;
        _this.value = value;
        _this.resolvedCallbacks.forEach(cb => cb());
      }
    })
  };
  _this.reject = function (reason) {
    setTimeout(() => { // 异步执行，保证执行顺序
      if (_this.currentState === PENDING) {
        _this.currentState = REJECTED;
        _this.value = reason;
        _this.rejectedCallbacks.forEach(cb => cb());
      }
    })
  }
  // 用于解决以下问题
  // new Promise(() => throw Error('error))
  try {
    fn(_this.resolve, _this.reject);
  } catch (e) {
    _this.reject(e);
  }
}
MyPromise.prototype.then = function (onResolved, onRejected) {
  var self = this;
  // 规范 2.2.7，then 必须返回一个新的 promise
  var promise2;
  // 规范 2.2.onResolved 和 onRejected 都为可选参数
  // 如果类型不是函数需要忽略，同时也实现了透传
  // Promise.resolve(4).then().then((value) => console.log(value))
  onResolved = typeof onResolved === 'function' ? onResolved : v => v;
  onRejected = typeof onRejected === 'function' ? onRejected : r => throw r;
  if (self.currentState === RESOLVED) {
    return (promise2 = new MyPromise(function (resolve, reject) {
      // 规范 2.2.4，保证 onFulfilled，onRjected 异步执行
      // 所以用了 setTimeout 包裹下
      setTimeout(function () {
        try {
          var x = onResolved(self.value);
          resolutionProcedure(promise2, x, resolve, reject);
        } catch (reason) {
          reject(reason);
        }
      });
    }));
  }
  if (self.currentState === REJECTED) {
    return (promise2 = new MyPromise(function (resolve, reject) {
      setTimeout(function () {
        // 异步执行onRejected
        try {
          var x = onRejected(self.value);
          resolutionProcedure(promise2, x, resolve, reject);
        } catch (reason) {
          reject(reason);
        }
      });
    }));
  }
  if (self.currentState === PENDING) {
    return (promise2 = new MyPromise(function (resolve, reject) {
      self.resolvedCallbacks.push(function () {
        // 考虑到可能会有报错，所以使用 try/catch 包裹
        try {
          var x = onResolved(self.value);
          resolutionProcedure(promise2, x, resolve, reject);
        } catch (r) {
          reject(r);
        }
      });
      self.rejectedCallbacks.push(function () {
        try {
          var x = onRejected(self.value);
          resolutionProcedure(promise2, x, resolve, reject);
        } catch (r) {
          reject(r);
        }
      });
    }));
  }
};
// 规范 2.3
function resolutionProcedure(promise2, x, resolve, reject) {
  // 规范 2.3.1，x 不能和 promise2 相同，避免循环引用
  if (promise2 === x) {
    return reject(new TypeError("Error"));
  }
  // 规范 2.3.2
  // 如果 x 为 Promise，状态为 pending 需要继续等待否则执行
  if (x instanceof MyPromise) {
    if (x.currentState === PENDING) {
      x.then(function (value) {
        // 再次调用该函数是为了确认 x resolve 的
        // 参数是什么类型，如果是基本类型就再次 resolve
        // 把值传给下个 then
        resolutionProcedure(promise2, value, resolve, reject);
      }, reject);
    } else {
      x.then(resolve, reject);
    }
    return;
  }
  // 规范 2.3.3.3.3
  // reject 或者 resolve 其中一个执行过得话，忽略其他的
  let called = false;
  // 规范 2.3.3，判断 x 是否为对象或者函数
  if (x !== null && (typeof x === "object" || typeof x === "function")) {
    // 规范 2.3.3.2，如果不能取出 then，就 reject
    try {
      // 规范 2.3.3.1
      let then = x.then;
      // 如果 then 是函数，调用 x.then
      if (typeof then === "function") {
        // 规范 2.3.3.3
        then.call(
          x,
          y => {
            if (called) return;
            called = true;
            // 规范 2.3.3.3.1
            resolutionProcedure(promise2, y, resolve, reject);
          },
          e => {
            if (called) return;
            called = true;
            reject(e);
          }
        );
      } else {
        // 规范 2.3.3.4
        resolve(x);
      }
    } catch (e) {
      if (called) return;
      called = true;
      reject(e);
    }
  } else {
    // 规范 2.3.4，x 为基本类型
    resolve(x);
  }
}