用于多条件查询,相当于java的if/else。
    语法结构:

    1. SELECT CASE WHEN 条件 THEN 结果 ELSE 结果 END

    例子:

    1. SELECT CASE WHEN name = '张三' THEN (select name_id from user where id = ?)
    2. WHEN name ='李四' THEN (select name_id from user where parent_id = ?)
    3. ELSE NULL END
    4. FROM person
    5. where id = ?