本题的基本要求非常简单:给定 N 个实数,计算它们的平均值。但复杂的是有些输入数据可能是非法的。一个“合法”的输入是 [−1000,1000] 区间内的实数,并且最多精确到小数点后 2 位。当你计算平均值的时候,不能把那些非法的数据算在内。

输入格式:

输入第一行给出正整数 N(≤100)。随后一行给出 N 个实数,数字间以一个空格分隔。

输出格式:

对每个非法输入,在一行中输出 ERROR: X is not a legal number,其中 X 是输入。最后在一行中输出结果:The average of K numbers is Y,其中 K 是合法输入的个数,Y 是它们的平均值,精确到小数点后 2 位。如果平均值无法计算,则用 Undefined 替换 Y。如果 K 为 1,则输出 The average of 1 number is Y

输入样例 1:

  1. 7
  2. 5 -3.2 aaa 9999 2.3.4 7.123 2.35

输出样例 1:

  1. ERROR: aaa is not a legal number
  2. ERROR: 9999 is not a legal number
  3. ERROR: 2.3.4 is not a legal number
  4. ERROR: 7.123 is not a legal number
  5. The average of 3 numbers is 1.38

输入样例 2:

  1. 2
  2. aaa -9999

输出样例 2:

  1. ERROR: aaa is not a legal number
  2. ERROR: -9999 is not a legal number
  3. The average of 0 numbers is Undefined

思路

The scanf() function uses whitespace (newlines, tabs, spaces) to decide how to divide the input into separate fields…….

Conversion Specifier

%s Interpret input as a string. Input begins with the first non-whitespace character and includes everything up to the next whitespace character.

以样例一为例子:

分7次用 scanf(“%s”, input) 读取,然后再用sscanf()和sprintf()来帮助我们完成字符串与double类型变量直接的转换。读一个,分析一个,输出一个。

sscanf()和sprintf()

Example1:

  1. #include<stdio.h>
  2. int main() {
  3. int integer;
  4. double doubleKind;
  5. char str[100] = "2048:3.14:Hello", str2[100];
  6. sscanf(str, "%d:%lf,%s", &integer, &doubleKind, str2);
  7. printf("integer = %d\n", integer);
  8. printf("doubleKind = %lf\n", doubleKind);
  9. printf("string2 = %s\n", str2);
  10. return 0;
  11. }

输出:

  1. integer = 2048
  2. doubleKind = 3.14
  3. string2 = Hello

Example2:

  1. #include<stdio.h>
  2. int main() {
  3. int integer = 12;
  4. double doubleKind = 3.1415;
  5. char str[50], str2[50] = "Feeling good!";
  6. sprintf(str, "%d:%.2f-->%s", str2);
  7. printf("str = %s", str);
  8. return 0;
  9. }

输出:

  1. str = 12:3.14--->Feeling good!

代码

  1. #include<stdio.h>
  2. #include<string.h>
  3. int main() {
  4. int totalNumber;
  5. scanf("%d",&totalNumber);
  6. char input[50], numToString[50];
  7. double temp, sum = 0;
  8. int vaildNumber = 0;
  9. for(int i = 0; i < totalNumber; i++) {
  10. scanf("%s", input);
  11. sscanf(input, "%lf", &temp);
  12. sprintf(numToString, "%.2f", temp);
  13. bool invaildFlag = false;
  14. for(int j = 0; j < strlen(input); j++) {
  15. if(input[j] != numToString[j]) invaildFlag = true;
  16. }
  17. if(invaildFlag || (temp > 1000) || (temp < -1000)) {
  18. printf("ERROR: %s is not a legal number\n", input);
  19. continue;
  20. }
  21. else {
  22. sum += temp;
  23. vaildNumber++;
  24. }
  25. }
  26. if(vaildNumber == 1) printf("The average of 1 number is %.2f\n", sum / vaildNumber);
  27. else if(vaildNumber > 1) {
  28. printf("The average of %d numbers is %.2f\n", vaildNumber, sum / vaildNumber);
  29. }
  30. else {
  31. printf("The average of %d numbers is Undefined\n", vaildNumber);
  32. }
  33. return 0;
  34. }