问题
如果有一组数据,如何确定他们来自哪个统计分布?
从数据分析的角度,并不想要通过严格的统计方法去找到这个分布,其实 Python 中有一个可以自动拟合数据分布的库 —— distfit 。这是一个python包,用于通过残差平方和(RSS)和拟合优度检验(GOF)对89个单变量分布进行概率密度拟合,并返回最佳分布。
distfit 简单又好用
# 安装
pip install distfit
常见用法:.fit_transform()
:在经验数据 X 上拟合分布.summary
:获得拟合数据并测试拟合优度的所有分布的分数。.predict()
:预测响应变量的概率.model
:输出分布的最佳参数.plot()
:绘制最佳的拟合分布
示例
from distfit import distfit
import numpy as np
X = np.random.normal(0, 2, [100,10])
y = [-8,-6,0,1,2,3,4,5,6]
dist = distfit(todf=True)
dist.fit_transform(X)
dist.plot()
输出用于拟合过程的函数列表,它使用最流行的 10 个发行版的列表进行扫描。
[distfit] >[norm ] [0.00 sec] [RSS: 0.0120713] [loc=-0.047 scale=1.984]
[distfit] >[expon ] [0.0 sec] [RSS: 0.4092169] [loc=-7.320 scale=7.273]
[distfit] >[pareto ] [0.06 sec] [RSS: 0.4098607] [loc=-98251992.546 scale=98251985.226]
[distfit] >[dweibull ] [0.01 sec] [RSS: 0.0229391] [loc=-0.046 scale=1.721]
[distfit] >[t ] [0.04 sec] [RSS: 0.0120717] [loc=-0.047 scale=1.984]
[distfit] >[genextreme] [0.05 sec] [RSS: 0.0107445] [loc=-0.755 scale=1.981]
[distfit] >[gamma ] [0.04 sec] [RSS: 0.0118907] [loc=-191.812 scale=0.021]
[distfit] >[lognorm ] [0.09 sec] [RSS: 0.0117103] [loc=-107.148 scale=107.084]
[distfit] >[beta ] [0.03 sec] [RSS: 0.0116300] [loc=-14.479 scale=28.973]
[distfit] >[uniform ] [0.0 sec] [RSS: 0.2545746] [loc=-7.320 scale=12.835]
[distfit] >[loggamma ] [0.04 sec] [RSS: 0.0123738] [loc=-360.941 scale=54.518]
当然,distfit
支持的分布还有很多:
最后绘制最佳的拟合分布dist.summary
输出各分布的参数。
distr score ... scale arg
0 genextreme 0.0107445 ... 1.9814 (0.27387377680364405,)
1 beta 0.01163 ... 28.9726 (26.055079164665887, 26.248878389403494)
2 lognorm 0.0117103 ... 107.084 (0.01848064379707136,)
3 gamma 0.0118907 ... 0.0205321 (9339.777394183824,)
4 norm 0.0120713 ... 1.98429 ()
5 t 0.0120717 ... 1.98428 (1863131.339823592,)
6 loggamma 0.0123738 ... 54.5178 (750.2645425001494,)
7 dweibull 0.0229391 ... 1.72129 (1.2898970802235787,)
8 uniform 0.254575 ... 12.8346 ()
9 expon 0.409217 ... 7.27316 ()
10 pareto 0.409861 ... 9.8252e+07 (13542571.060345018,)