gensim-word2vec相似词匹配

1、 下载wiki百科数据

维基百科-资料库下载
pages-articles.xml.bz2 为结尾的文件

2、 解析wiki百科文本数据

python3 wiki_to_txt.py zhwiki-20220201-pages-articles.xml.bz2

import logging
import sys
from gensim.corpora import WikiCorpus
def main():
    if len(sys.argv) != 2:
        print("Usage: python3 " + sys.argv[0] + " wiki_data_path")
        exit()
    logging.basicConfig(format='%(asctime)s : %(levelname)s : %(message)s', level=logging.INFO)
    wiki_corpus = WikiCorpus(sys.argv[1], dictionary={})
    texts_num = 0
    with open("wiki_texts.txt", 'w', encoding='utf-8') as output:
        for text in wiki_corpus.get_texts():
            output.write(' '.join(text) + '\n')
            texts_num += 1
            if texts_num % 10000 == 0:
                logging.info("已處理 %d 篇文章" % texts_num)
if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

2022-02-24 10:30:07,609 : INFO : 已處理 10000 篇文章
......
2022-02-24 10:44:44,092 : INFO : 已處理 410000 篇文章
2022-02-24 10:45:09,587 : INFO : finished iterating over Wikipedia corpus of 417371 documents with 96721989 positions (total 3964095 articles, 113681913 positions before pruning articles shorter than 50 words)

3、 繁体文本转简体

使用opencc 将文本数据繁体转简体

opencc -i wiki_texts.txt -o wiki_zh_tw.txt -c t2s.json

4、 分词处理（包含去除停用词）

使用jieba分词对简体中文文本数据做分词，分词后写入txt文件（用于gensim模型训练）

python3 segment.py

import jieba
import logging
def main():
    logging.basicConfig(format='%(asctime)s : %(levelname)s : %(message)s', level=logging.INFO)
    # jieba custom setting.
    jieba.set_dictionary('jieba_dict/dict.txt.big')
    # load stopwords set
    stopword_set = set()
    with open('jieba_dict/stopwords.txt','r', encoding='utf-8') as stopwords:
        for stopword in stopwords:
            stopword_set.add(stopword.strip('\n'))
    output = open('wiki_seg.txt', 'w', encoding='utf-8')
    with open('wiki_zh_tw.txt', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as content :
        for texts_num, line in enumerate(content):
            line = line.strip('\n')
            words = jieba.cut(line, cut_all=False)
            for word in words:
                if word not in stopword_set:
                    output.write(word + ' ')
            output.write('\n')
            if (texts_num + 1) % 10000 == 0:
                logging.info("已完成前 %d 行的斷詞" % (texts_num + 1))
    output.close()
if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

5、 模型训练和应用

python3 train.py
python3 demo.py

# train.py
import logging
from gensim.models import word2vec
def main():
    logging.basicConfig(format='%(asctime)s : %(levelname)s : %(message)s', level=logging.INFO)
    sentences = word2vec.LineSentence("wiki_seg.txt")
    # model = word2vec.Word2Vec(sentences, vector_size=250)
    model = word2vec.Word2Vec(sentences, sg=1, window=10, min_count=5, workers=6, vector_size=250)
    # 保存模型，供日後使用
    model.save("word2vec.model")
    # 模型讀取方式
    # model = word2vec.Word2Vec.load("your_model_name")
if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

# demo.py
from gensim.models import word2vec
from gensim import models
import logging
def main():
    logging.basicConfig(format='%(asctime)s : %(levelname)s : %(message)s', level=logging.INFO)
    model = models.Word2Vec.load('word2vec.model')
    print("提供 3 種測試模式\n")
    print("輸入一個詞，則去尋找前十個該詞的相似詞")
    print("輸入兩個詞，則去計算兩個詞的餘弦相似度")
    print("輸入三個詞，進行類比推理")
    while True:
        try:
            query = input()
            q_list = query.split()
            if len(q_list) == 1:
                print("相似詞前 10 排序")
                res = model.wv.most_similar(q_list[0], topn=10)
                for item in res:
                    print(item[0] + "," + str(item[1]))
            elif len(q_list) == 2:
                print("計算 Cosine 相似度")
                res = model.wv.similarity(q_list[0], q_list[1])
                print(res)
            else:
                print("%s之於%s，如%s之於" % (q_list[0], q_list[2], q_list[1]))
                res = model.wv.most_similar([q_list[0], q_list[1]], [q_list[2]], topn=100)
                for item in res:
                    print(item[0] + "," + str(item[1]))
            print("----------------------------")
        except Exception as e:
            print(repr(e))
if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

6、效果图

数据及代码：https://github.com/SeafyLiang/machine_learning_study/tree/master/nlp_study/gensim_word2vec