名词性从句- 2021-03-06 17:50
categories:
- 英语
- 从句

将句子中的名词扩展成为一个be/do句型时，这个句子就是名词性从句。句子中的主语、宾语、表语、同位语、宾补都可以由名词组成，同理也都可以扩展为名词性从句，**名词性从句因此分为5种，主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、补语从句。**

从句连词通用选择步骤

1.判断从句类型，确定是名词性从句

从句的判断方式可以参考复合从句中的#判断从句类型

2.将先行词带入从句中，判断先行词在从句中的成分

3.根据先行词在从句中所在的成分

4.根据句意推出连接代词：

a.做主宾表 (连接代词 8)

  1. 1.    what
  2. 2.    which  (物)
  3. 3.    who (人)
  4. 4.    whom (人)
  5. + ever
  6. 5.    whatever
  7. 6.    whichever
  8. 7.    whoever
  9. 8.    whomever

b.作状语（连接副词 8）

  1. 1.    when 
  2. 2.    where
  3. 3.why (无+ever形式)
  4. 4.how
  5. 5.whather
  6. + ever
  7. 6.    whenever
  8. 7.    wherever
  9. 8.    however

c.作定语（连接形容词 6）

  1. 1.what
  2. 2.which
  3. 3.whose
  4. +ever
  5. 4.    wahtever
  6. 5.    whichever
  7. 6.    whoserever

d.不作成分（侠义连接词 1）

  1. that

句型详解

主语从句

宾语从句

表语从句

同位语从句

补语从句

名词性从句注意事项

1.判断从句类型看主句，选连接词要看从句

2.从句统一陈述句

从句都是陈述句，没有疑问句

3.宾从第一个that可以省略；if < wherther ; 介词后一般不用that

if 使用的范围小于 whether，whether可以跟介词、or not、there be搭配使用，if只能在宾从中使用

4.同位语三要素；that > 90%

三要素：主句完整、主句有抽象名称、从句等同于抽象名词
同位语中 90% 都是使用that

5.省略

详见高级语法之省略

6.一人得道、鸡犬升天

一人得道、鸡犬升天的意思是指，在从句中连词不作主语成分，同时不作状语修饰谓语，而是作形容词或副词修饰其他成分（宾语、表语等）时，又或者与其他词一起组成某个成分时（宾语、表语等），被修饰的词与连词一并提到从句句首的情况。例如：
连接词修饰名称
I don’t know what colour you like.
连接词修饰形容词
I don’t know how old he is.
连接词修饰副词
I don’t know how fast he runs.

名词性从句练习

初级

  1. — Could you do me a favor? (北京)
    — It depends on _ it is.

填空：what
主句缺宾语，宾语从句，从句缺表语

2. _ worries me is the way he keeps changing his mind. (山东)
A. This B. That C. What D. It

选C.
主语从句，从句缺主语。
he keeps changing his mind是定语从句，连词that被省略，修饰the way

  1. _ parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children. (陕西)
    A. That B. Which C. What D. As

选C
主语从句，从句缺宾语，根据句意推出选C

4. _ matters most in learning English is enough practice. (全国Ⅱ)
A.What B.Why C.Where D.Which

选A
主语从句，从句缺主语，根据句意得出What

  1. The last time we had great fun was __ we were visiting the Water Park. (天津)
    A. where B. how C. when D. why

选C.
表语从句，从句成分完整，根据句意得出C

  1. We haven’t discussed yet __ we are going to place our new furniture. (全国Ⅰ)
    A. that B. which C. what D. where

    选D
    宾语从句，从句成分完整，根据句意推出D,在哪里放我们的新家具

  2. —How about camping this weekend, just for a change? (浙江)
    —OK, _you want.
    A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever

选C.
缺宾语，根据句意得出C

  1. News came from the school office__Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University. (四川)
    A. which B. what C. that D. where

选C.
主句成分完整，从句成分完整，同位语句，用that连接，不作成分。

9. Our teachers always tell us to believe in _ we do and who we are if we want to succeed. (四川)
A. why B. how C. what D. which

选C
宾语从句，从句缺宾语，根据句意得c

10. Scientists study __ human brains work to make computers. (四川)
A. when B. how C. that D. whether

选B.
宾语从句，从句完整，根据句意推出B

  1. It doesn’t matter __ you pay by cash or credit card in this store. (山东)
    A. how B. whether C. what D. why

选B.
主语从句，it作形式主语。从句成分完整，根据句意得出B.

12. From space, the earth looks blue. This is _about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water. (安徽)
A. why B. how C. because D. whether

选C
表语从句，从句成分完整，根据句意选C
Because强调原因，why强调结果。

13. A ship in harbor is safe, but that’s not _ ships are built for. (安徽）
A. what B. whom C. why D. when

选A.
表语从句，缺宾语。what 翻译成原因

14. We must find out __ Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him. (重庆)
A. when B. how C. where D. why

选A.
宾语从句，从句成分完整，根据句意推出选项A.

15.The exhibition tells us __ we should do something to stop air pollution. (四川)
A. where B. why C. what D. which

选B.
tell 双宾语，直宾从句，从句成分完整，根据句意推出B.

16. —I wonder _ Mary has kept her figure after all these years. (福建）
—By working out every day.
A. where B. how C. why D. If

选B.
宾语从句，从句成分完整，根据句意选择B.

17._we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.（北京）
A. Where B.How C.Why D. When

选B.
主语从句，从句成分完整，根据句意选择B。

中级

  1. —It’s thirty years since we last met. (四川)
    —But I still remember the story, believe it or not, _ we got lost on a rainy night.
    A.which B.that C.what D.when

选B.
同位语从句，从句成分完整，主句中的抽象名词：story

19. _team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships. (山东)
A.No matter what B.No matter which C.Whatever D.Whichever

选D
主语从句，从句成分完整，根据句意选D.Whatever是不管什么队伍，whichever 是不管哪只队伍。

20. A warm thought suddenly came to me_I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday.
(安徽)
A.if B.when C.that D.which

选C.
主句完整，同位语从句，抽象名词thought ，从句不缺成分。

21. Could I speak to _is in charge of International Sales, please? (山东)
A.anyone B.someone C.whoever D.no matter who

选C
宾语从句，从句缺主语，根据句意选C.

22.You can only be sure of _ you have at present; you cannot be sure of something _ you might get in the future. (安徽)
A.that;what B.what;/ C.which;that D./;that

选B
①宾语从句，从句缺宾语，根据句意得出what
②定语从句，先行词somehting，从句缺宾语that，that可以被省略


23. _ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing. (福建)
A.It B.What C.As D.Which

选B.
主句是主系表结构，主语从句，从句缺主语，根据句意选择B.
it是形式主语，这里的it不能代替主语从句

24. Tomorrow is Tom’s birthday. Have you got any idea _ the party is to be held? (陕西)
A. what B. which C. that D. where

选D.
同位语从句，抽象名词 idea，根据句意推出Where

25. When asked _ they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved. (湖南)
A.what B.why C.whom D.which

选A.
主句省略了主语，宾语从句，从句缺宾语，根据句意推出what.
asked 是过去分词形式，实则原句是：When they were asked，因为they与后面的the kids重复，则去掉了they，主语去掉后，谓语需要变成非谓语形式。

  1. Many young people in the West are expected to leave_could be life’s most important decision—marriage—almost entirely up to luck. (江苏)
    A. as B. that C. which D. what

选D
宾语从句，从句缺主语，这句话考的是leave sth to luck这个短句，将什么交给运气

27. I want to be liked and loved for _ I am inside. (湖北)
A. who B. where C. what D. how

选C.
宾语从句，从句缺表语。这里的inside作副词修饰am，what在这里翻译成内心

高级

  1. Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? That’s _ the best jobs are. (浙江)
    A.where B.what C.when D.why

选A
表语从句，缺表语。根据句意得出where, where其实具有名词词性，可以作表语，只是这种情况一般很少。

2. Having checked the doors were closed, and _ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom. (湖南)
A.why B.that C.when D.where

选B.
多个宾语从句，第一个宾语从句的连词省略了（checked后省略了that），and 后是第二个宾从，第二个宾从的that不能省略。

3. It is uncertain _side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. (浙江)
A. that B. what C. how D. whether

选B.
主语从句，it是形式主语。从句宾语被提到从句句首，这里的宾语是名称词性，所以连词是选择形容词修饰宾语。

4. It is not always easy for the public to see__use a new invention can be of to human life. (重庆)
A. whose B. what C. which D. that

选B.
It是形式主语，代替to see. see 后是宾语从句。这里考的是be of use的使用,be of use = be userful，use被提到句首，所以连词需要使用选择形容词。

  1. His writing is so confusing that it’s difficult to make out__it is he is trying to express. (安徽)
    A. that B. how C. who D. what

选D.
so confusing that 如此混乱以至于…
宾语从句，从句是主系表结构，从句缺表语，在所有选项中what最合适。he is trying to express是定语从句修饰what.

6. As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose _ suits you best. (陕西)
A. whatever B. whichever C. whenever D. wherever

选B.
宾语从句，缺主语，AB是选择代词，CD是选择副词排除掉，根据句意推出B 最适合你的那一课

7. I truly believe __beauty comes from within. （北京）
A. that B. where C. what D. why

选A.
宾语从句，从句完整，根据句意选A。

8. _ Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some won’t accept it. （江苏）
A. That B. Why C. Where D. How

选C.
主语从句, Li Bai, a great Chinese poet 是同位语作主语,主语从句：Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born ，根据句意推出李白，一位伟大的中国诗人的出生地