原因状语从句- 2021-03-11 22:52
categories:
- 英语
- 从句


定义

原因状语从句指在句中用来说明主句原因的从句。

常用引导词

  1. because 如果
  2. as 如果
  3. since 既然(表既定事实)
  4. for 因果关系/反推的原因

特殊引导词

  1. seeing that,
  2. now that,
  3. in that,
  4. considering that,
  5. given that

用法

because

because引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句的后面,because从句位于句首时要用逗号分开,放在句末 时,可不用逗号分开。because表示直接原因, 语气最强, 最适合回答why引导的疑问句。
例如:
I do it because I like it.
我做这件事是因为我喜欢。
You can trust those products because the quality never varies.
你可以信赖那些产品,因为它们的质量从来不变。
We went by bus because it was cheaper.
我们乘公交汽车去,因为这样便宜一些。

“not … because”结构中的not否定的是because引导的整个从句,
例如:

  • 误:The country is not strong because it is large.
  • 正:The country is strong not just because it is large.

国强不在大。

I didn’t help him,not because I was unwilling,but because I was unable to do it.
我没有帮助他,不是因为我不愿意,而是因为我力不从心。

since

since引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之前表示已知的、 显然的理由(通常被翻译成“既然”), 较为正式, 语气比because弱。
例如:
Since you are free today, you had better help me with my mathematics.
既然今天你休息, 你最好帮我补习数学。
Since you don’t trust him,you should not employ him.
你既然不信任他,你就不该雇用他。

seeing (that), now (that), considering (that), in that这几个词汇与since引导的原因状语从句意思相近, 都表示“既然”。
例如:
Seeing (that) he refused to help us, there’s no reason that we should now help him.
他既然曾经拒绝帮助我们, 我们没有理由要来帮助他。
Now (that) you are grown up, you should not rely on your parents.
既然你长大了, 就不应该依靠你的父母了。
Considering (that) everybody is here, let’s begin our discussion.
既然大家都到了, 我们就开始讨论吧。
In that he is ill, he feels unable to do it.
因为他生病了,他觉得做不了那件事。

as

as 引导原因状语从句时表示附带说明的“双方已知的原因”, 语气比since弱, 较为正式, 位置较为灵活(常放于主句之前)。
例如:
As it is raining, you’d better take a taxi.
既然在下雨, 你最好乘出租汽车。
As you are tired, you had better rest.
既然累了, 你最好休息一下。
I went to bed early, as I was exhausted.
我睡得早, 因为我已筋疲力尽了。

for

for引导的是并列句表示原因但并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因, 只提供一些辅助性的补充说明, for引导的并列句只能放于主句之后并且必须用逗号将其与主句隔开。
例如:
He could not have seen me, for I was not there.
他不可能见过我, 因为我不在那里。
He seldom goes out now,for he is very old.
他难得出门了,因为他年事已高。

区分

1.because vs because of 的区别

because是从属连词,是引导从句的,because of 是介词,后面跟的是名,两者都表示原因,只是一个引导句子,一个引导名称。

I was late today, because the traffic was too bad.
I was late because of the traffic.