源

  1. #官方源
  2. deb http://http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib
  3. deb-src http://http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib
  5. #中科大
  6. deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib
  7. deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib
  9. #阿里云
  10. deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib
  11. deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib
  13. #清华大学
  14. deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free
  15. deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free
  17. #浙大
  18. deb http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free
  19. deb-src http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free
  21. #东软大学
  22. deb http://mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling/main non-free contrib
  23. deb-src http://mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling/main non-free contrib
  25. deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ jessie main non-free contrib
  26. deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ jessie-updates main non-free contrib
  27. deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ jessie-backports main non-free contrib
  28. deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ jessie main non-free contrib
  29. deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ jessie-updates main non-free contrib
  30. deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ jessie-backports main non-free contrib
  31. deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security/ jessie/updates main non-free contrib
  32. deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security/ jessie/updates main non-free contrib

常用命令

df | 磁盘使用情况

  1. df -h

apt | 软件包管理器

  1. 自动安装但不再使用的过期安装包 | 清除所有已下载的安装包
  2. apt-get autoremove && apt-get clean
  4. 更新
  5. apt-get update && apt-get upgrade && apt-get dist-upgrade
  1. apt-get update = 更新源
  2. apt-get install package = 安装包
  3. apt-get remove package = 删除包
  4. apt-cache search package = 搜索软件包
  5. apt-cache show package = 获取包的相关信息，如说明、大小、版本等
  6. apt-get install package --reinstall = 重新安装包
  7. apt-get -f install = 修复安装
  8. apt-get remove package --purge = 删除包，包括配置文件等
  9. apt-get build-dep package = 安装相关的编译环境
  10. apt-get upgrade = 更新已安装的包
  11. apt-get dist-upgrade = 升级系统
  12. apt-cache depends package = 了解使用该包依赖那些包
  13. apt-cache rdepends package = 查看该包被哪些包依赖
  14. apt-get source package = 下载该包的源代码
  15. apt-get clean && sudo apt-get autoclean = 清理无用的包
  16. apt-get check = 检查是否有损坏的依赖

ln | 软链接

  1. ln -s -b -v [源文件或目录] [目标文件或目录]

可以用来解决空间不足等问题

下列签名无效，无法安全地用该源进行更新,所以默认禁用该源。

  1. 下列签名无效： EXPKEYSIG 1397BC53640DB551 Google Inc. (Linux Packages Signing Authority) <linux-packages-keymaster@google.com>
  3. apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 1397BC53640DB551

注意签名的值就是报错提示的值↑
image.png

chsh切换命令工具

更改Shell

  1. #兼容性好
  2. chsh -s /bin/bash && reboot
  3. #显示好看（我选择的原因，而不是真实的区别
  4. chsh -s /bin/zsh && reboot

网络

修改IP配置

vim /etc/network/interfaces

  1. #将网卡eth0设置为静态IP
  2. auto eth0
  3. iface eth0 inet static
  4. #设置ip地址
  5. address 192.168.33.3
  6. #设置子网掩码
  7. netmask 255.255.255.0
  8. #设置网关
  9. gateway 192.168.33.1

重启networking

  1. systemctl restart networking && /etc/init.d/networking restart

SSH

安装

  1. #检查系统服务是否有ssh
  2. chkconfig --list | grep ssh
  3. #没有则安装
  4. install -y openssl openssh-server

拒绝root用户ssh远程登录

  1. 查看PermitRootLogin配置
  2. cat /etc/ssh/sshd_config | grep PermitRootLogin
  4. 修改/etc/ssh/sshd_config
  5. vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
  6. 注释“PermitRootLogin prohibit-password”，改为“PermitRootLogin yes”

启用并启动SSH

  1. service ssh start && systemctl enable ssh.service

检查状态

  1. /etc/init.d/ssh status

端口开放

  1. netstat -lnt

查找

尝试查看最近3分钟包含指定字符串的文件：

  1. 查找某时间内的文件，按时间排序，输出包含“flag”和“CTF”字符串的文件
  2. find / -type f -ctime -3 | xargs ls -lt | grep -i 'flag\|CTF' > Out.txt

安装GDB

  1. apt-get update && apt install gdb && apt install gdb-minimal
  3. ln –snf /var/cache/apt/archives
  5. mkdir /home/var/
  6. ln -s /var/ /home/
  7. mv /var/ /home/
  9. mkdir /home/var/cache/apt/archives/partial/ && ln -s /var/cache/apt/archives/partial /home/var/cache/apt/download/
  11. tar zxvf g[tab]
  12. 改名为GDB(/home/Software/GDB)
  13. cd GDB
  14. ./configure --target=arm-linux --prefix=/home/Software/GDB/arm-gdb
  15. make && make install
  17. cd gdbserver(/home/Software/GDB/gdbserver)
  18. CC=arm-linux-gcc ./configure --host=arm-linux --prefix=/home/Software/GDB/gdbserver
  19. make && make install
  20. arm-linux-strip gdbserver
  21. cp gdbserver /tftpboot

修改history命令保存数量

echo查询系统变量

  1. echo $HISTSIZE

locate定位文件

  1. updatedb && locate .bashrc

sed替换

  1. sed -i 's/原字符串/新字符串/g' /root/.bashrc
  1. sed -i 's/HISTSIZE=1000/HISTSIZE=333333/g' /root/.bashrc && sed -i 's/HISTFILESIZE=2000/HISTFILESIZE=666666/g' /root/.bashrc && cat /root/.bashrc | grep HIST
  1. source /root/.bashrc

Linux就该这么学

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