Google Apps Script 使用的是 JavaScript 语言;

在 Script 里使用 Jdbc.getCloudSqlConnection 或 Jdbc.getConnection 来连接外部数据库，
参见 Google 提供的帮助：External Databases via JDBC ；

实例参考了 Git 上的语句；

连接数据库
  1. function myMySQLFetchData() { 
  2.   var conn = Jdbc.getConnection('jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/employee_db', 'username', 'pass');
  3.   var start = new Date(); // Get script starting time
  4.   var stmt = conn.createStatement();
  5.   stmt.setMaxRows(1000);// It sets the limit of the maximum nuber of rows in a ResultSet object
  8.   var results = stmt.executeQuery('SELECT id,emp_name, emp_code FROM employee_details GROUP BY 1 LIMIT 1000');  
  10.   //change table name as per your database structure
  12.   var doc = SpreadsheetApp.getActiveSpreadsheet('sheet1'); // 返回当前活动的电子表格
  13.   var cell = doc.getRange('a1');
  14.   var row = 0;
  15.   var getCount = results.getMetaData().getColumnCount(); // Mysql table column name count.
  17.   for (var i = 0; i < getCount; i++){  
  18.      cell.offset(row, i).setValue(rs.getMetaData().getColumnName(i+1)); // Mysql table column name will be fetch and added in spreadsheet.
  19.   }  
  23.   var row = 1; 
  24.   while (rs.next()) {
  25.     for (var col = 0; col < rs.getMetaData().getColumnCount(); col++) { 
  26.       cell.offset(row, col).setValue(rs.getString(col + 1)); // Mysql table column data will be fetch and added in spreadsheet.
  27.     }
  28.     row++;
  29.   }
  31.   rs.close();
  32.   stmt.close();
  33.   conn.close();
  34.   var end = new Date(); // Get script ending time
  35.   Logger.log('Time elapsed: ' + (end.getTime() - start.getTime())); // To generate script log. To view log click on View -> Logs.
  36. }