大数据Kafka笔记

flume

收集日志、移动、聚合框架。
基于事件。

agent

source        //接收数据,生产者
            //put()
            //NetcatSource
            //ExecSource,实时收集 tail -F xxx.txt
            //spooldir
            //seq
            //Stress
            //avroSource
channel        //暂存数据，缓冲区,
            //非永久性:MemoryChannel
            //永久性  :FileChannel,磁盘. 
            //SpillableMemoryChannel :Mem + FileChannel.Capacity
sink        //输出数据,消费者
            //从channel提取take()数据,write()destination.
            //HdfsSink
            //HbaseSink
            //avroSink

JMS

java message service,java消息服务。
queue        //只有能有一个消费者。P2P模式(点对点).
            //发布订阅(publish-subscribe,主题模式)，

kafka

分布式流处理平台。
在系统之间构建实时数据流管道。
以topic分类对记录进行存储
每个记录包含key-value+timestamp
每秒钟百万消息吞吐量。
producer            //消息生产者
consumer            //消息消费者
consumer group        //消费者组
kafka server        //broker,kafka服务器
topic                //主题,副本数,分区.
zookeeper            //hadoop namenoade + RM HA | hbase | kafka

安装kafka

0.选择s202 ~ s204三台主机安装kafka
1.准备zk
    略
2.jdk
    略
3.tar文件
4.环境变量
    略
5.配置kafka
    [kafka/config/server.properties]
    ...
    broker.id=202
    ...
    listeners=PLAINTEXT://:9092
    ...
    log.dirs=/home/centos/kafka/logs
    ...
    zookeeper.connect=s201:2181,s202:2181,s203:2181
6.分发server.properties，同时修改每个文件的broker.id
7.启动kafka服务器
    a)先启动zk
    b)启动kafka
        [s202 ~ s204]
        $>bin/kafka-server-start.sh config/server.properties
    c)验证kafka服务器是否启动
        $>netstat -anop | grep 9092
8.创建主题 
    $>bin/kafka-topics.sh --create --zookeeper s201:2181 --replication-factor 3 --partitions 3 --topic test
9.查看主题列表
    $>bin/kafka-topics.sh --list --zookeeper s201:2181
10.启动控制台生产者
    $>bin/kafka-console-producer.sh --broker-list s202:9092 --topic test
11.启动控制台消费者
    $>bin/kafka-console-consumer.sh --bootstrap-server s202:9092 --topic test --from-beginning --zookeeper s202:2181
12.在生产者控制台输入hello world

kafka集群在zk的配置

/controller            ===>    {"version":1,"brokerid":202,"timestamp":"1490926369148"
/controller_epoch    ===>    1
/brokers
/brokers/ids
/brokers/ids/202    ===>    {"jmx_port":-1,"timestamp":"1490926370304","endpoints":["PLAINTEXT://s202:9092"],"host":"s202","version":3,"port":9092}
/brokers/ids/203
/brokers/ids/204    
/brokers/topics/test/partitions/0/state ===>{"controller_epoch":1,"leader":203,"version":1,"leader_epoch":0,"isr":[203,204,202]}
/brokers/topics/test/partitions/1/state ===>...
/brokers/topics/test/partitions/2/state ===>...
/brokers/seqid        ===> null
/admin
/admin/delete_topics/test        ===>标记删除的主题
/isr_change_notification
/consumers/xxxx/
/config

容错

创建主题

repliation_factor 2 partitions 5
$>kafka-topic.sh --zookeeper s202:2181 --replication_factor 3 --partitions 4 --create --topic test3
2 x 5  = 10        //是个文件夹
[s202]
test2-1            //
test2-2            //
test2-3            //
[s203]
test2-0
test2-2
test2-3
test2-4
[s204]
test2-0
test2-1
test2-4

重新布局分区和副本，手动再平衡

$>kafka-topics.sh --alter --zookeeper s202:2181 --topic test2 --replica-assignment 203:204,203:204,203:204,203:204,203:204

副本

 broker存放消息以消息达到顺序存放。生产和消费都是副本感知的。
 支持到n-1故障。每个分区都有leader，follow.
 leader挂掉时，消息分区写入到本地log或者，向生产者发送消息确认回执之前，生产者向新的leader发送消息。
 新leader的选举是通过isr进行，第一个注册的follower成为leader。

kafka支持副本模式

[同步复制]
    1.producer联系zk识别leader
    2.向leader发送消息
    3.leadr收到消息写入到本地log
    4.follower从leader pull消息
    5.follower向本地写入log
    6.follower向leader发送ack消息
    7.leader收到所有follower的ack消息
    8.leader向producer回传ack
[异步副本]
    和同步复制的区别在与leader写入本地log之后，
    直接向client回传ack消息，不需要等待所有follower复制完成。

通过java API实现消息生产者，发送消息

package com.it18zhang.kafkademo.test;
import org.junit.Test;
import kafka.javaapi.producer.Producer;
import kafka.producer.KeyedMessage;
import kafka.producer.ProducerConfig;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Properties;
/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2017/3/31.
 */
public class TestProducer {
    @Test
    public void testSend(){
        Properties props = new Properties();
        //broker列表
        props.put("metadata.broker.list", "s202:9092");
        //串行化
        props.put("serializer.class", "kafka.serializer.StringEncoder");
        //
        props.put("request.required.acks", "1");
        //创建生产者配置对象
        ProducerConfig config = new ProducerConfig(props);
        //创建生产者
        Producer<String, String> producer = new Producer<String, String>(config);
        KeyedMessage<String, String> msg = new KeyedMessage<String, String>("test3","100" ,"hello world tomas100");
        producer.send(msg);
        System.out.println("send over!");
    }
}

消息消费者

/**
 * 消费者
 */
@Test
public void testConumser(){
    //
    Properties props = new Properties();
    props.put("zookeeper.connect", "s202:2181");
    props.put("group.id", "g3");
    props.put("zookeeper.session.timeout.ms", "500");
    props.put("zookeeper.sync.time.ms", "250");
    props.put("auto.commit.interval.ms", "1000");
    props.put("auto.offset.reset", "smallest");
    //创建消费者配置对象
    ConsumerConfig config = new ConsumerConfig(props);
    //
    Map<String, Integer> map = new HashMap<String, Integer>();
    map.put("test3", new Integer(1));
    Map<String, List<KafkaStream<byte[], byte[]>>> msgs = Consumer.createJavaConsumerConnector(new ConsumerConfig(props)).createMessageStreams(map);
    List<KafkaStream<byte[], byte[]>> msgList = msgs.get("test3");
    for(KafkaStream<byte[],byte[]> stream : msgList){
        ConsumerIterator<byte[],byte[]> it = stream.iterator();
        while(it.hasNext()){
            byte[] message = it.next().message();
            System.out.println(new String(message));
        }
    }
}

flume集成kafka

1.KafkaSink
    [生产者]
    a1.sources = r1
    a1.sinks = k1
    a1.channels = c1
    a1.sources.r1.type=netcat
    a1.sources.r1.bind=localhost
    a1.sources.r1.port=8888
    a1.sinks.k1.type = org.apache.flume.sink.kafka.KafkaSink
    a1.sinks.k1.kafka.topic = test3
    a1.sinks.k1.kafka.bootstrap.servers = s202:9092
    a1.sinks.k1.kafka.flumeBatchSize = 20
    a1.sinks.k1.kafka.producer.acks = 1
    a1.channels.c1.type=memory
    a1.sources.r1.channels = c1
    a1.sinks.k1.channel = c1
2.KafkaSource
    [消费者]
    a1.sources = r1
    a1.sinks = k1
    a1.channels = c1
    a1.sources.r1.type = org.apache.flume.source.kafka.KafkaSource
    a1.sources.r1.batchSize = 5000
    a1.sources.r1.batchDurationMillis = 2000
    a1.sources.r1.kafka.bootstrap.servers = s202:9092
    a1.sources.r1.kafka.topics = test3
    a1.sources.r1.kafka.consumer.group.id = g4
    a1.sinks.k1.type = logger
    a1.channels.c1.type=memory
    a1.sources.r1.channels = c1
    a1.sinks.k1.channel = c1
3.Channel
    生产者 + 消费者
    a1.sources = r1
    a1.sinks = k1
    a1.channels = c1
    a1.sources.r1.type = avro
    a1.sources.r1.bind = localhost
    a1.sources.r1.port = 8888
    a1.sinks.k1.type = logger
    a1.channels.c1.type = org.apache.flume.channel.kafka.KafkaChannel
    a1.channels.c1.kafka.bootstrap.servers = s202:9092
    a1.channels.c1.kafka.topic = test3
    a1.channels.c1.kafka.consumer.group.id = g6
    a1.sources.r1.channels = c1
    a1.sinks.k1.channel = c1