🔗 原文链接：https://airflow.apache.org/docs/apache-airflow/stable/extra-packages-ref.html

Here’s the list of all the extra dependencies.

The entries with * in the Preinstalled column indicate that those extras (providers) are always pre-installed when Airflow is installed. :::info Note:
You can disable automated installation of the providers with extras when installing Airflow. You need to have INSTALL_PROVIDERS_FROM_SOURCES environment variable to true before running pip install command. Contributors need to set it, if they are installing Airflow locally, and want to develop providers directly via Airflow sources. This variable is automatically set in Breeze development environment. Setting this variable is not needed in editable mode (pip install -e) :::

1、Core Airflow extras

Those are core airflow extras that extend capabilities of core Airflow. They usually do not install provider packages (with the exception of celery and cncf.kubernetes extras), they just install necessary python dependencies for the provided package.

:::danger Note:
❌ 在使用 pip install 'apache-airflow[ldap]' 时，会出现 python-ldap 安装不上的报错。
✔️ 先使用 sudo aptiitude install python-ldap，建议使用 conda install python-ldap 进行安装，全部成功之后重新执行 pip install 'apache-airflow[ldap]' 就可以了。 :::

2、Providers extras

Those providers extras are simply convenience extras to install provider packages so that you can install the providers with simple command - including provider package and necessary dependencies in single command, which allows PIP to resolve any conflicting dependencies. This is extremely useful for first time installation where you want to repeatably install version of dependencies which are ‘valid’ for both airflow and providers installed.

For example the below command will install:

• apache-airflow
  
• apache-airflow-providers-amazon
  
• apache-airflow-providers-google
  
• apache-airflow-providers-apache-spark

with a consistent set of dependencies based on constraint files provided by Airflow Community at the time 2.0.2 version was released.

pip install apache-airflow[google,amazon,apache.spark]==2.0.1 \
    --constraint "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/apache/airflow/constraints-2.0.2/constraints-3.6.txt"

Note, that this will install providers in the versions that were released at the time of Airflow 2.0.2 release. You can later upgrade those providers manually if you want to use latest versions of the providers.

2.1 Apache Software extras

Those are extras that add dependencies needed for integration with other Apache projects (note that apache.atlas and apache.webhdfs do not have their own providers - they only install additional libraries that can be used in custom bash/python providers).

2.2 External Services extras

Those are extras that add dependencies needed for integration with external services - either cloud based or on-premises.

2.3 Locally installed software extras

Those are extras that add dependencies needed for integration with other software packages installed usually as part of the deployment of Airflow.

2.4 Other extras

Those are extras that provide support for integration with external systems via some - usually - standard protocols.

| | grpc | pip install 'apache-airflow[grpc]' | Grpc hooks and operators | | | http | pip install 'apache-airflow[http]' | HTTP hooks, operators and sensors |
-

| | imap | pip install 'apache-airflow[imap]' | IMAP hooks and sensors |
-

| | jdbc | pip install 'apache-airflow[jdbc]' | JDBC hooks and operators | | | papermill | pip install 'apache-airflow[papermill]' | Papermill hooks and operators | | | sftp | pip install 'apache-airflow[sftp]' | SFTP hooks, operators and sensors | | | sqlite | pip install 'apache-airflow[sqlite]' | SQLite hooks and operators |
-

| | ssh | pip install 'apache-airflow[ssh]' | SSH hooks and operators | | | microsoft.winrm | pip install 'apache-airflow[microsoft.winrm]' | WinRM hooks and operators | |

3、Bundle extras

Those are extras that install one ore more extras as a bundle.

4、Doc extras

This is the extra that is needed to generated documentation for Airflow. This is used for development time only.

5、Deprecated 1.10 extras

Those are the extras that have been deprecated in 2.0 and will be removed in Airflow 3.0.0. They were all replaced by new extras, which have naming consistent with the names of provider packages.
The crypto extra is not needed any more, because all crypto dependencies are part of airflow package, so there is no replacement for crypto extra.

6. Other Available Packages for Airflow

• airflow-code-editor