AbstractApplicationContext#refresh()
@Override
public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
// Prepare this context for refreshing.
// 1. 设置启动时间、开启活跃状态
// 2. 初始化子类自定义属性(placeholder property)
// 3. 验证环境里的属性
prepareRefresh();
// Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory.
// 获取beanFactory,实际类型是DefaultListableBeanFactory
ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();
// Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
// 设置beanFactory内属性,比如类加载器、后置处理器(BeanPostProcessor)
prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);
try {
// Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
// hook:添加对beanfactory的后置处理配置,此处是个hook,留给子类具体实现(模版方法)
postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);
// Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
// 从Spring容器中找出实现了BeanFactoryPostProcessor接口的类并执行。
// 具体执行委托给PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate#invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors()
// 执行内容主要是记录注册表以及修改Spring容器内已经存在的BeanDefinition顺便实例化BeanFactoryPostProcessor及其子类BeanDefinitionPostProcessor类型的bean
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);
// Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
// 1. 获取beanFactory中类型为BeanPostProcessor的BeanName,然后实例化、初始化,保证优先于我们的业务bean
// 2. 装载到beanFactory中(顺序依照priorityOrderedPostProcessors、orderedPostProcessors、internalPostProcessors)
registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);
// Initialize message source for this context.
// 初始化消息源,用于解析消息,支持解析消息参数化和国际化
initMessageSource();
// Initialize event multicaster for this context.
// 初始化ApplicationEventMulticaster(事件广播器),用于事件监听器的注册和事件的广播
// 如果用户没有指定,Spring会默认用SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster作为实现
initApplicationEventMulticaster();
// Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
// hook:单例实例化之前初始化特殊bean,此处实现为空,此处是个hook,子类扩展实现(模版方法)
onRefresh();
// Check for listener beans and register them.
// 将监听器(ApplicationListener)添加到广播器中(ApplicationEventMulticaster)
registerListeners();
// Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
// 1. 实例化剩余的单例bean(除了懒加载的实例)
finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);
// Last step: publish corresponding event.
finishRefresh();
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +
"cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
}
// Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
destroyBeans();
// Reset 'active' flag.
cancelRefresh(ex);
// Propagate exception to caller.
throw ex;
}
finally {
// Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core, since we
// might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore...
resetCommonCaches();
}
}
}
#obtainFreshBeanFactory()
获取实际类型是DefaultListableBeanFactory
的BeanFactory
,并且生成注册BeanDefinition
到DefaultListableBeanFactory.beanDefinitionMap
容器内。
如果是从ClassPathXmlApplicationContext
类进入的话,此处的obtainFreshBeanFactory()
是调用其父类AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext
的实现。AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext#obtainFreshBeanFactory()
调用的核心方法如下:
@Override
protected final void refreshBeanFactory() throws BeansException {
// 关闭先前的bean工厂(如果存在的话)
if (hasBeanFactory()) {
destroyBeans();
closeBeanFactory();
}
try {
// 初始化一个新工厂
DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory = createBeanFactory();
beanFactory.setSerializationId(getId());
// 设置beanFactory的属性,是否允许循环引用、beanDefinition的重写
customizeBeanFactory(beanFactory);
// 1. 解析xml文件转换成document对象,解析节点生成BeanDefinition(解析属性:scope、singleton、class、parent等)
// 2. 注册beanDefinition到DefaultListableBeanFactory.beanDefinitionMap中(spring容器中)
loadBeanDefinitions(beanFactory);
synchronized (this.beanFactoryMonitor) {
this.beanFactory = beanFactory;
}
}
catch (IOException ex) {
throw new ApplicationContextException("I/O error parsing bean definition source for " + getDisplayName(), ex);
}
}
#invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory)
修改BeanDefinition
对象,方法内关键代码invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessor
。如子类ConfigurationClassPostProcessor#postProcessBeanFactory()
�会使用CGLIB对BeanDefinition
的BeanClass
做代码增强,生成它的CGLIB子类,然后替换掉原来的BeanClass
,如下图所示:
另外在对BeanDefinition
对象做增强等修改之前,beanFactory
会先根据beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType()
方法,将BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor
和BeanFactoryPostProcessor
都先实例化。
简而言之,会实例化BeanFactoryPostProcessor
和BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor
类型的bean,然后使用这些增强bean对BeanDefinition
做修改(增强)
#registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory)
功能如方法名,实例化并注册BeanPostProcessor
。内部是由代理类PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.registerBeanPostProcessor()
实现的,按照优先级分别实例化和注册,优先级队列从高到低分为priorityOrderedPostProcessors
、orderedPostProcessors
、noneOrderPostProcessors
。
#finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory)
实例化剩余的单例Bean(前面方法已经实例化了BeanFactoryPostProcessor
、BeanPostProcessor
),关键的内部方法是beanFactory.preInstantialSingletons()
,该方法内部的核心方法是AbstractBeanFactory#doGetBean()
。
protected <T> T doGetBean(final String name, @Nullable final Class<T> requiredType,
@Nullable final Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly) throws BeansException {
// 返回工厂名称,比如将别名解析成正规名称
final String beanName = transformedBeanName(name);
Object bean;
// Eagerly check singleton cache for manually registered singletons.
// 从缓存中获取单例bean 对象
Object sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
if (sharedInstance != null && args == null) {
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
if (isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
logger.trace("Returning eagerly cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName +
"' that is not fully initialized yet - a consequence of a circular reference");
}
else {
logger.trace("Returning cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName + "'");
}
}
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, null);
}
// 缓存中不存在单例bean 对象
else {
// Fail if we're already creating this bean instance:
// We're assumably within a circular reference.
if (isPrototypeCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName);
}
// Check if bean definition exists in this factory.
// 校验BeanDefinition是否存在Spring容器中
BeanFactory parentBeanFactory = getParentBeanFactory();
if (parentBeanFactory != null && !containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) {
// Not found -> check parent.
String nameToLookup = originalBeanName(name);
if (parentBeanFactory instanceof AbstractBeanFactory) {
return ((AbstractBeanFactory) parentBeanFactory).doGetBean(
nameToLookup, requiredType, args, typeCheckOnly);
}
else if (args != null) {
// Delegation to parent with explicit args.
return (T) parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, args);
}
else if (requiredType != null) {
// No args -> delegate to standard getBean method.
return parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, requiredType);
}
else {
return (T) parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup);
}
}
if (!typeCheckOnly) {
markBeanAsCreated(beanName);
}
try {
// 获取BeanDefinition对象
final RootBeanDefinition mbd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
checkMergedBeanDefinition(mbd, beanName, args);
// Guarantee initialization of beans that the current bean depends on.
// 获取依赖bean对象,保证依赖bean对象先被创建
String[] dependsOn = mbd.getDependsOn();
if (dependsOn != null) {
for (String dep : dependsOn) {
if (isDependent(beanName, dep)) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"Circular depends-on relationship between '" + beanName + "' and '" + dep + "'");
}
registerDependentBean(dep, beanName);
try {
getBean(dep);
}
catch (NoSuchBeanDefinitionException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"'" + beanName + "' depends on missing bean '" + dep + "'", ex);
}
}
}
// Create bean instance.
// 如果是单例(scope为singleton),则创建对象
if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, () -> {
try {
return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
// Explicitly remove instance from singleton cache: It might have been put there
// eagerly by the creation process, to allow for circular reference resolution.
// Also remove any beans that received a temporary reference to the bean.
destroySingleton(beanName);
throw ex;
}
});
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
}
// 创建scope为prototype(每次调用都会创建一个实例)对象
else if (mbd.isPrototype()) {
// It's a prototype -> create a new instance.
Object prototypeInstance = null;
try {
beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
prototypeInstance = createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
}
finally {
afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
}
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(prototypeInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
}
else {
String scopeName = mbd.getScope();
final Scope scope = this.scopes.get(scopeName);
if (scope == null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("No Scope registered for scope name '" + scopeName + "'");
}
try {
Object scopedInstance = scope.get(beanName, () -> {
beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
try {
return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
}
finally {
afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
}
});
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(scopedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
}
catch (IllegalStateException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(beanName,
"Scope '" + scopeName + "' is not active for the current thread; consider " +
"defining a scoped proxy for this bean if you intend to refer to it from a singleton",
ex);
}
}
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
cleanupAfterBeanCreationFailure(beanName);
throw ex;
}
}
// Check if required type matches the type of the actual bean instance.
if (requiredType != null && !requiredType.isInstance(bean)) {
try {
T convertedBean = getTypeConverter().convertIfNecessary(bean, requiredType);
if (convertedBean == null) {
throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
}
return convertedBean;
}
catch (TypeMismatchException ex) {
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Failed to convert bean '" + name + "' to required type '" +
ClassUtils.getQualifiedName(requiredType) + "'", ex);
}
throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
}
}
return (T) bean;
}
方法内部调用了getSingleton()
,具体方法如下:
protected Object getSingleton(String beanName, boolean allowEarlyReference) {
// 一级缓存 singletonObjects
Object singletonObject = this.singletonObjects.get(beanName);
if (singletonObject == null && isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
synchronized (this.singletonObjects) {
// 二级缓存 earlySingletonObjects
singletonObject = this.earlySingletonObjects.get(beanName);
if (singletonObject == null && allowEarlyReference) {
// 三级缓存 singletonFactories
ObjectFactory<?> singletonFactory = this.singletonFactories.get(beanName);
if (singletonFactory != null) {
// 通过ObjectFactory#getObject()创建
singletonObject = singletonFactory.getObject();
// 创建成功放入二级缓存
this.earlySingletonObjects.put(beanName, singletonObject);
this.singletonFactories.remove(beanName);
}
}
}
}
return singletonObject;
}
缓存中不存在则创建bean,createBean(beanName, mbd, args)
,内部逻辑是先给BeanPostProcessor
一个机会扫描下需要创建的bean(resolveBeforeInstantiation(beanName, mbdToUse)
�),如果bean符合条件目标类型生成代理类直接返回resolveBeforeInstantiation(beanName, mbdToUse)
代码如下,通过Object result = ibp.postProcessBeforeInstantiation(beanClass, beanName);
其InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor
的子类创建了代理类。
�
protected Object resolveBeforeInstantiation(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
Object bean = null;
if (!Boolean.FALSE.equals(mbd.beforeInstantiationResolved)) {
// Make sure bean class is actually resolved at this point.
if (!mbd.isSynthetic() && hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors()) {
Class<?> targetType = determineTargetType(beanName, mbd);
if (targetType != null) {
bean = applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInstantiation(targetType, beanName);
if (bean != null) {
bean = applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(bean, beanName);
}
}
}
mbd.beforeInstantiationResolved = (bean != null);
}
return bean;
}
protected Object applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInstantiation(Class<?> beanClass, String beanName) {
for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
if (bp instanceof InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp;
// 创建代理类
Object result = ibp.postProcessBeforeInstantiation(beanClass, beanName);
if (result != null) {
return result;
}
}
}
return null;
}
�createBean(beanName, mbd, args)
其内部另个核心方法是doCreateBean()
具体方法如下,简而言之就是:实例化bean—放入三级缓存—填充属性-初始化
protected Object doCreateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd, final @Nullable Object[] args)
throws BeanCreationException {
// Instantiate the bean.
BeanWrapper instanceWrapper = null;
if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
instanceWrapper = this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.remove(beanName);
}
if (instanceWrapper == null) {
// 创建bean实例
instanceWrapper = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args);
}
final Object bean = instanceWrapper.getWrappedInstance();
Class<?> beanType = instanceWrapper.getWrappedClass();
if (beanType != NullBean.class) {
mbd.resolvedTargetType = beanType;
}
// Allow post-processors to modify the merged bean definition.
synchronized (mbd.postProcessingLock) {
if (!mbd.postProcessed) {
try {
applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors(mbd, beanType, beanName);
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"Post-processing of merged bean definition failed", ex);
}
mbd.postProcessed = true;
}
}
// Eagerly cache singletons to be able to resolve circular references
// even when triggered by lifecycle interfaces like BeanFactoryAware.
boolean earlySingletonExposure = (mbd.isSingleton() && this.allowCircularReferences &&
isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName));
if (earlySingletonExposure) {
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Eagerly caching bean '" + beanName +
"' to allow for resolving potential circular references");
}
// 加入到三级缓存
addSingletonFactory(beanName, () -> getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean));
}
// Initialize the bean instance.
Object exposedObject = bean;
try {
// 填充属性
populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper);
// 初始化
exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd);
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
if (ex instanceof BeanCreationException && beanName.equals(((BeanCreationException) ex).getBeanName())) {
throw (BeanCreationException) ex;
}
else {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Initialization of bean failed", ex);
}
}
if (earlySingletonExposure) {
Object earlySingletonReference = getSingleton(beanName, false);
if (earlySingletonReference != null) {
if (exposedObject == bean) {
exposedObject = earlySingletonReference;
}
else if (!this.allowRawInjectionDespiteWrapping && hasDependentBean(beanName)) {
String[] dependentBeans = getDependentBeans(beanName);
Set<String> actualDependentBeans = new LinkedHashSet<>(dependentBeans.length);
for (String dependentBean : dependentBeans) {
if (!removeSingletonIfCreatedForTypeCheckOnly(dependentBean)) {
actualDependentBeans.add(dependentBean);
}
}
if (!actualDependentBeans.isEmpty()) {
throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName,
"Bean with name '" + beanName + "' has been injected into other beans [" +
StringUtils.collectionToCommaDelimitedString(actualDependentBeans) +
"] in its raw version as part of a circular reference, but has eventually been " +
"wrapped. This means that said other beans do not use the final version of the " +
"bean. This is often the result of over-eager type matching - consider using " +
"'getBeanNamesOfType' with the 'allowEagerInit' flag turned off, for example.");
}
}
}
}
// Register bean as disposable.
try {
registerDisposableBeanIfNecessary(beanName, bean, mbd);
}
catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Invalid destruction signature", ex);
}
return exposedObject;
}
初始化方法initialBean()
:【4】【5】
protected Object initializeBean(final String beanName, final Object bean, @Nullable RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {
invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean);
return null;
}, getAccessControlContext());
}
else {
// 执行实现了Aware接口中的方法
invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean);
}
Object wrappedBean = bean;
if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) {
//调用BeanPostProcessor的postProcessorsBeforeInitialization方法
wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);
}
try {
// 调用初始化方法(自定义的初始化方法或者实现InitialzingBean接口)
invokeInitMethods(beanName, wrappedBean, mbd);
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
(mbd != null ? mbd.getResourceDescription() : null),
beanName, "Invocation of init method failed", ex);
}
if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) {
// 调用BeanPostProcessor的postProcessAfterInitialization方法
wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);
}
return wrappedBean;
}
applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization
创建代理类:
关键类梳理
DefalutListableBeanFactory
AbstractApplicationContext
BeanPostProcessor【1】
事件监听器(ApplicationEvent)和广播器(ApplicationEventMulticaster)【2】
Spring的事件监听是一种观察者模式,只要是观察者模式一定包含主题(Subject
)、订阅者(Observer
)、发布人(Publisher
)。
Spring的事件机制主要包括4个类:
ApplicationEvent
:消息事件,每个实现类代表一个具体事件(主题)ApplicationListener
:事件监听器,处理接收到的事件(订阅者)ApplicationEventMulticaster
:事件广播器,用于事件监听器的注册和事件的广播ApplicationEventPublisher
:事件发布者,委托ApplicationEventMulticatser完成事件发布(发布人)事件广播器
事件广播器,Spring默认实现是SimpleApplicationMulticaster
作为广播器。事件发布者
实现ApplicationEventPublisher
的即为事件发布者,Spring中的ApplicationContext
实现了ApplicationEventPublisher
接口,所以应用上下文本身就是一个事件发布者。
参考
【1】别再问Spring Bean的生命周期了!:https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?src=11×tamp=1633596915&ver=3359&signature=PGv-XuqtF8XEo5qctBzabuXNenhtLjOCMR07nhqa-aHAaS9MbjAaogGZ5IqMZNzgZ3ylh41r1PDvtRi8Ox8YBkoUQcVCZP4xrQ50HL*qld0isnrjD51B9uKOk44rFM&new=1
【2】Spring Event 事件发布/监听机制 详解并使用:https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?src=11×tamp=1633613866&ver=3360&signature=EOBrJwuu2D9RV5uPXRSW8MelYqy0jOS97F8gSRqdtbsEh89DS29sHWXipzfdhzgGtvuIiiHXH8zVh-n8i-zHV6w7VA-m*qImo0p3gC3uAnT5TH7RqVr7kxJMe97Z6nV6&new=1
【3】《轻松读懂spring》之 IOC的主干流程(上):https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?src=11×tamp=1633181508&ver=3350&signature=fdRcdb8clLPSBWTzFUSF8loeg6pMyNhUQYAmxIt-GdNoDqzumMb0jBM6Zy8g-B7VfVYGr0Yd2Spm7M-w9VnAb-98VZSaAdjP9UrDBXDRzqZ0iuOE0tuGeKqzSZdr2k&new=1
【4】Spring的Bean的生命周期_面试系列之Spring :https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?src=11×tamp=1633684945&ver=3362&signature=D3sYy9hoBtylApU8BWW9SoycqhbevViO3QLKNDEy1vQxs9BXn76Gfu39kjJmVKDy4ttrWz-BbWzrt2GXHaPAITBiJlwGGSYV6oaRFzqpN-o6FdbCHmakA6OAZOtsxk&new=1
【5】spring 依赖注入时,什么时候会创建代理类:https://www.yuque.com/u1687194/hspkbf/lcqlhv#lJ34A