[TOC]
- MongoDB官方文档中文版
- MongoDB用户手册
- MongoDB简介
- 安装 MongoDB
- 安装MongoDB社区版
- 安装MongoDB企业版
- 将社区版MongoDB升级到企业版MongoDB
- 验证MongoDB软件包的完整性
- Mongo Shell
- 增删改查操作
- 聚合
- 数据模式
- 数据建模介绍
- 模式验证
- Data Modeling Concepts
- Data Model Examples and Patterns
- Model Relationships Between Documents
- Model One-to-One Relationships with Embedded Documents
- Model One-to-Many Relationships with Embedded Documents
- Model One-to-Many Relationships with Document References
- Model Tree Structures
- Model Tree Structures with Parent References
- Model Tree Structures with Child References
- Model Tree Structures with an Array of Ancestors
- Model Tree Structures with Materialized Paths
- Model Tree Structures with Nested Sets
- Model Specific Application Contexts
- Model Data for Atomic Operations
- Model Data to Support Keyword Search
- Model Data for Schema Versioning
- Model Monetary Data
- Model Time Data
- Model Computed Data
- Data Model Reference
- 事务
- 索引
- Single Field Indexes
- Compound Indexes
- Multikey Indexes
- Text Indexes
- Wildcard Indexes
- 2dsphere Indexes
- 2d Indexes
- geoHaystack Indexes
- Hashed Indexes
- 索引特性
- Index Builds on Populated Collections
- 索引交集
- Manage Indexes
- 衡量索引使用
- Indexing Strategies
- Indexing Reference
- 2d索引
- 2dsphere索引
- 复合索引
- geoHaystack索引
- Hashed 索引
- 在填充的集合上建立索引
- 索引参考
- 索引策略
- 管理索引
- 多键索引
- 单字段索引
- 文本索引
- 通配符索引
- 安全
- 安全检查列表
- Enable Access Control
- 身份验证
- Users
- Add Users
- Authentication Mechanisms
- SCRAM
- x.509
- Enterprise Authentication Mechanisms
- Kerberos Authentication
- LDAP Proxy Authentication
- LDAP Authorization
- Internal/Membership Authentication
- Deploy Replica Set With Keyfile Authentication
- Update Replica Set to Keyfile Authentication
- Update Replica Set to Keyfile Authentication (No Downtime)
- Rotate Keys for Replica Sets
- Deploy Sharded Cluster with Keyfile Authentication
- Update Sharded Cluster to Keyfile Authentication
- Update Sharded Cluster to Keyfile Authentication (No Downtime)
- Rotate Keys for Sharded Clusters
- Use x.509 Certificate for Membership Authentication
- Upgrade from Keyfile Authentication to x.509 Authentication
- Rolling Update of x.509 Cluster Certificates that Contain New DN
- Role-Based Access Control
- TLS/SSL (Transport Encryption)
- Encryption at Rest
- Client-Side Field Level Encryption
- 审计
- Network and Configuration Hardening
- Implement Field Level Redaction
- Security Reference
- Create a Vulnerability Report
- Appendix
- 附录
- 启用访问控制
- 网络和配置强化
- 安全参考
- 改变流
- 复制集
- 复制集成员
- 副本集日志
- Replica Set Data Synchronization
- 副本集部署架构
- Replica Set High Availability
- Replica Set Read and Write Semantics
- Replica Set Deployment Tutorials
- Member Configuration Tutorials
- Replica Set Maintenance Tutorials
- Change the Size of the Oplog
- Perform Maintenance on Replica Set Members
- Force a Member to Become Primary
- Resync a Member of a Replica Set
- Configure Replica Set Tag Sets
- Reconfigure a Replica Set with Unavailable Members
- Manage Chained Replication
- Change Hostnames in a Replica Set
- Configure a Secondary’s Sync Target
- Replication Reference
- 副本集数据同步
- 分片
- 分片集群组成]
- 片键
- 哈希分片
- 范围分片
- 部署分片集群
- 区域
- Data Partitioning with Chunks
- Balancer
- Administration
- Config Server Administration
- Replace a Config Server
- View Cluster Configuration
- Restart a Sharded Cluster
- Migrate a Sharded Cluster to Different Hardware
- Add Shards to a Cluster
- Remove Shards from an Existing Sharded Cluster
- Clear jumbo Flag
- Back Up Cluster Metadata
- Convert Sharded Cluster to Replica Set
- Convert a Replica Set to a Sharded Cluster
- Convert a Shard Standalone to a Shard Replica Set
- Sharding Reference
- 分片键
- Zone
- 管理权限
- 产品说明
- Operations Checklist
- Development Checklist
- Performance
- 配置和维护
- Data Center Awareness
- MongoDB Backup Methods
- Back Up and Restore with Filesystem Snapshots
- Back Up and Restore with MongoDB Tools
- Restore a Replica Set from MongoDB Backups
- Backup and Restore Sharded Clusters
- Back Up a Sharded Cluster with File System Snapshots
- Back Up a Sharded Cluster with Database Dumps
- Schedule Backup Window for Sharded Clusters
- Restore a Sharded Cluster
- Recover a Standalone after an Unexpected Shutdown
- Monitoring for MongoDB
- 开发检查表
- MogoDB 备份方法
- 操作检查表
- MongoDB性能
- 存储
- 常见问题
- 参考
- Operators
- Query and Projection Operators
- Comparison Query Operators
- Logical Query Operators
- Element Query Operators
- Evaluation Query Operators
- Geospatial Query Operators
- Array Query Operators
- Bitwise Query Operators
- $comment
- 查询与映射运算符
- 更新运算符
- Field Update Operators
- Array Update Operators
- Bitwise Update Operator
- Aggregation Pipeline Stages
- $addFields (aggregation)
- $bucket (aggregation)
- $bucketAuto (aggregation)
- $collStats (aggregation)
- $count (aggregation)
- $currentOp (aggregation)
- $facet (aggregation)
- $geoNear (aggregation)
- $graphLookup (aggregation)
- $group (aggregation)
- $indexStats (aggregation)
- $limit (aggregation)
- $listLocalSessions
- $listSessions
- $lookup (aggregation)
- $match (aggregation)
- $merge (aggregation)
- $out (aggregation)
- $planCacheStats
- $project (aggregation)
- $redact (aggregation)
- $replaceRoot (aggregation)
- $replaceWith (aggregation)
- $sample (aggregation)
- $set (aggregation)
- $skip (aggregation)
- $sort (aggregation)
- $sortByCount (aggregation)
- $unionWith (aggregation)
- $unset (aggregation)
- $unwind (aggregation)
- Aggregation Pipeline Operators
- $sin (aggregation)
- $abs (aggregation)
- $slice (aggregation)
- $accumulator (aggregation)
- $split (aggregation)
- $acos (aggregation)
- $sqrt (aggregation)
- $acosh (aggregation)
- $add (aggregation)
- $addToSet (aggregation)
- $allElementsTrue (aggregation)
- $and (aggregation)
- $anyElementTrue (aggregation)
- $arrayElemAt (aggregation)
- $arrayToObject (aggregation)
- $asin (aggregation)
- $asinh (aggregation)
- $sum (aggregation)
- $atan (aggregation)
- $atan2 (aggregation)
- $tan (aggregation)
- $atanh (aggregation)
- $avg (aggregation)
- $binarySize (aggregation)
- $bsonSize (aggregation)
- $ceil (aggregation)
- $toInt (aggregation)
- $cmp (aggregation)
- $concat (aggregation)
- $concatArrays (aggregation)
- $cond (aggregation)
- $convert (aggregation)
- $cos (aggregation)
- $dateFromParts (aggregation)
- $dateToParts (aggregation)
- $type (aggregation)
- $dateFromString (aggregation)
- $week (aggregation)
- $dateToString (aggregation)
- $year (aggregation)
- $dayOfMonth (aggregation)
- $zip (aggregation)
- $dayOfWeek (aggregation)
- $dayOfYear (aggregation)
- $degreesToRadians (aggregation)
- $divide (aggregation)
- $eq (aggregation)
- $exp (aggregation)
- $filter (aggregation)
- $first (aggregation accumulator)
- $first (aggregation)
- $floor (aggregation)
- $function (aggregation)
- $gt (aggregation)
- $gte (aggregation)
- $hour (aggregation)
- $ifNull (aggregation)
- $in (aggregation)
- $indexOfArray (aggregation)
- $indexOfBytes (aggregation)
- $indexOfCP (aggregation)
- $isArray (aggregation)
- $isNumber (aggregation)
- $isoDayOfWeek (aggregation)
- $isoWeek (aggregation)
- $isoWeekYear (aggregation)
- $last (aggregation accumulator)
- $last (aggregation)
- $let (aggregation)
- $literal (aggregation)
- $ln (aggregation)
- $log (aggregation)
- $log10 (aggregation)
- $lt (aggregation)
- $lte (aggregation)
- $trim (aggregation)
- $map (aggregation)
- $max (aggregation)
- $mergeObjects (aggregation)
- $meta
- $min (aggregation)
- $millisecond (aggregation)
- $minute (aggregation)
- $mod (aggregation)
- $month (aggregation)
- $multiply (aggregation)
- $ne (aggregation)
- $not (aggregation)
- $objectToArray (aggregation)
- $or (aggregation)
- $pow (aggregation)
- $push (aggregation)
- $radiansToDegrees (aggregation)
- $range (aggregation)
- $reduce (aggregation)
- $regexFind (aggregation)
- $regexFindAll (aggregation)
- $regexMatch (aggregation)
- $replaceOne (aggregation)
- $replaceAll (aggregation)
- $reverseArray (aggregation)
- $round (aggregation)
- $rtrim (aggregation)
- $second (aggregation)
- $setDifference (aggregation)
- $setEquals (aggregation)
- $setIntersection (aggregation)
- $setIsSubset (aggregation)
- $setUnion (aggregation)
- $size (aggregation)
- $slice (aggregation)
- $split (aggregation)
- $sqrt (aggregation)
- $stdDevPop (aggregation)
- $stdDevSamp (aggregation)
- $strcasecmp (aggregation)
- $strLenBytes (aggregation)
- $strLenCP (aggregation)
- $substr (aggregation)
- $substrBytes (aggregation)
- $substrCP (aggregation)
- $subtract (aggregation)
- $sum (aggregation)
- $switch (aggregation)
- $tan (aggregation)
- $toBool (aggregation)
- $toDate (aggregation)
- $toDecimal (aggregation)
- $toDouble(aggregation)
- $toInt (aggregation)
- $toLong (aggregation)
- $toObjectId (aggregation)
- $toString (aggregation)
- $toLower (aggregation)
- $toUpper (aggregation)
- $trim (aggregation)
- $trunc (aggregation)
- $type (aggregation)
- $week (aggregation)
- $year (aggregation)
- $zip (aggregation)
- 查询修饰符
- $comment
- $explain
- $hint
- $max
- $maxTimeMS
- $min
- $orderby
- $query
- $returnKey
- $showDiskLoc
- $natural
- 聚合管道操作符
- $abs (aggregation)
- $acos (aggregation)
- $acosh (aggregation)
- $add (aggregation)
- $addToSet (aggregation)
- $and (aggregation)
- $anyElementTrue (aggregation)
- $arrayElemAt (aggregation)
- $arrayToObject (aggregation)
- $asin (aggregation)
- $asinh (aggregation)
- $atan (aggregation)
- $atan2 (aggregation)
- $atanh (aggregation)
- $avg (aggregation)
- $ceil (aggregation)
- $cmp (aggregation)
- $concat (aggregation)
- $concatArrays (aggregation)
- $cond (aggregation)
- $convert (aggregation)
- $cos (aggregation)
- $dateFromParts (aggregation)
- $dateFromString (aggregation)
- $dateToParts (aggregation)
- $dateToString (aggregation)
- $literal (aggregation)
- 聚合管道阶段
- 数据库命令
- Aggregation Commands
- aggregate
- count
- distinct
- mapReduce
- Geospatial Commands
- geoSearch
- Query and Write Operation Commands
- delete
- find
- findAndModify
- getLastError
- getMore
- insert
- resetError
- update
- 查询计划缓存命令
- planCacheClear
- planCacheClearFilters
- planCacheListFilters
- planCacheSetFilter
- 认证命令
- authenticate
- getnonce
- logout
- User Management Commands
- createUser
- dropAllUsersFromDatabase
- dropUser
- grantRolesToUser
- revokeRolesFromUser
- updateUser
- usersInfo
- Role Management Commands
- createRole
- dropRole
- dropAllRolesFromDatabase
- grantPrivilegesToRole
- grantRolesToRole
- invalidateUserCache
- revokePrivilegesFromRole
- revokeRolesFromRole
- rolesInfo
- updateRole
- Replication Commands
- applyOps
- isMaster
- replSetAbortPrimaryCatchUp
- replSetFreeze
- replSetGetConfig
- replSetGetStatus
- replSetInitiate
- replSetMaintenance
- replSetReconfig
- replSetResizeOplog
- replSetStepDown
- replSetSyncFrom
- Sharding Commands
- addShard
- addShardToZone
- balancerCollectionStatus
- balancerStart
- balancerStatus
- balancerStop
- checkShardingIndex
- clearJumboFlag
- cleanupOrphaned
- enableSharding
- flushRouterConfig
- getShardMap
- getShardVersion
- isdbgrid
- listShards
- medianKey
- moveChunk
- movePrimary
- mergeChunks
- refineCollectionShardKey
- removeShard
- removeShardFromZone
- setShardVersion
- shardCollection
- shardingState
- split
- splitChunk
- splitVector
- unsetSharding
- updateZoneKeyRange
- Sessions Commands
- abortTransaction
- commitTransaction
- endSessions
- killAllSessions
- killAllSessionsByPattern
- killSessions
- refreshSessions
- startSession
- Administration Commands
- cloneCollectionAsCapped
- collMod
- compact
- connPoolSync
- convertToCapped
- create
- createIndexes
- currentOp
- drop
- dropDatabase
- dropConnections
- dropIndexes
- filemd5
- fsync
- fsyncUnlock
- getDefaultRWConcern
- getParameter
- killCursors
- killOp
- listCollections
- listDatabases
- listIndexes
- logRotate
- reIndex
- renameCollection
- setFeatureCompatibilityVersion
- setIndexCommitQuorum
- setParameter
- setDefaultRWConcern
- shutdown
- Diagnostic Commands
- availableQueryOptions
- buildInfo
- collStats
- connPoolStats
- connectionStatus
- cursorInfo
- dataSize
- dbHash
- dbStats
- diagLogging
- driverOIDTest
- explain
- features
- getCmdLineOpts
- getLog
- hostInfo
- isSelf
- listCommands
- lockInfo
- netstat
- ping
- profile
- serverStatus
- shardConnPoolStats
- top
- validate
- whatsmyuri
- 免费监控命令
- getFreeMonitoringStatus
- setFreeMonitoring
- 数据库命令
- logApplicationMessage
- 管理命令
- 聚合命令
- 诊断命令
- 地理空间命令
- 查询和写操作命令
- 复制命令
- 角色管理命令
- 会话命令
- 分片命令
- 用户管理命令
- mongo Shell 方法
- Collection Methods
- db.collection.aggregate（）
- db.collection.bulkWrite（）
- db.collection.copyTo（）
- db.collection.count（）
- db.collection.countDocuments（）
- db.collection.estimatedDocumentCount（）
- db.collection.createIndex（）
- db.collection.createIndexes（）
- db.collection.dataSize（）
- db.collection.deleteOne（）
- db.collection.deleteMany（）
- db.collection.distinct（）
- db.collection.drop（）
- db.collection.dropIndex（）
- db.collection.dropIndexes（）
- db.collection.ensureIndex（）
- db.collection.explain（）
- db.collection.find（）
- db.collection.findAndModify（）
- db.collection.findOne（）
- db.collection.findOneAndDelete（）
- db.collection.findOneAndReplace（）
- db.collection.findOneAndUpdate（）
- db.collection.getIndexes（）
- db.collection.getShardDistribution（）
- db.collection.getShardVersion（）
- db.collection.hideIndex()
- db.collection.insert（）
- db.collection.insertOne（）
- db.collection.insertMany（）
- db.collection.isCapped（）
- db.collection.latencyStats（）
- db.collection.mapReduce（）
- db.collection.reIndex（）
- db.collection.remove（）
- db.collection.renameCollection（）
- db.collection.replaceOne（）
- db.collection.save（）
- db.collection.stats（）
- db.collection.storageSize（）
- db.collection.totalIndexSize（）
- db.collection.totalSize（）
- db.collection.unhideIndex()
- db.collection.update（）
- db.collection.updateOne（）
- db.collection.updateMany（）
- db.collection.watch（）
- db.collection.validate（）
- Cursor Methods
- cursor.addOption()
- cursor.allowDiskUse()
- cursor.allowPartialResults()
- cursor.batchSize()
- cursor.close()
- cursor.isClosed()
- cursor.collation()
- cursor.comment()
- cursor.count()
- cursor.explain()
- cursor.forEach()
- cursor.hasNext()
- cursor.hint()
- cursor.isExhausted()
- cursor.itcount()
- cursor.limit()
- cursor.map()
- cursor.max()
- cursor.maxTimeMS()
- cursor.min()
- cursor.next()
- cursor.noCursorTimeout()
- cursor.objsLeftInBatch()
- cursor.pretty()
- cursor.readConcern()
- cursor.readPref()
- cursor.returnKey()
- cursor.showRecordId()
- cursor.size()
- cursor.skip()
- cursor.sort()
- cursor.tailable()
- cursor.toArray()
- Database Methods
- db.adminCommand()
- db.aggregate()
- db.cloneDatabase()
- db.commandHelp()
- db.copyDatabase()
- db.createCollection()
- db.createView()
- db.currentOp()
- db.dropDatabase()
- db.eval()
- db.fsyncLock()
- db.fsyncUnlock()
- db.getCollection()
- db.getCollectionInfos()
- db.getCollectionNames()
- db.getLastError()
- db.getLastErrorObj()
- db.getLogComponents()
- db.getMongo()
- db.getName()
- db.getProfilingLevel()
- db.getProfilingStatus()
- db.getReplicationInfo()
- db.getSiblingDB()
- db.help()
- db.hostInfo()
- db.isMaster()
- db.killOp()
- db.listCommands()
- db.logout()
- db.printCollectionStats()
- db.printReplicationInfo()
- db.printShardingStatus()
- db.printSlaveReplicationInfo()
- db.resetError()
- db.runCommand()
- db.serverBuildInfo()
- db.serverCmdLineOpts()
- db.serverStatus()
- db.setLogLevel()
- db.setProfilingLevel()
- db.shutdownServer()
- db.stats()
- db.version()
- db.watch()
- Query Plan Cache Methods
- db.collection.getPlanCache()
- PlanCache.clear()
- PlanCache.clearPlansByQuery()
- PlanCache.help()
- PlanCache.list()
- Bulk Operation Methods
- db.collection.initializeOrderedBulkOp()
- db.collection.initializeUnorderedBulkOp()
- Bulk()
- Bulk.execute()
- Bulk.find()
- Bulk.find.arrayFilters()
- Bulk.find.collation()
- Bulk.find.hint()
- Bulk.find.remove()
- Bulk.find.removeOne()
- Bulk.find.replaceOne()
- Bulk.find.updateOne()
- Bulk.find.update()
- Bulk.find.upsert()
- Bulk.getOperations()
- Bulk.insert()
- Bulk.tojson()
- Bulk.toString()
- User Management Methods
- db.auth()
- db.changeUserPassword()
- db.createUser()
- db.dropUser()
- db.dropAllUsers()
- db.getUser()
- db.getUsers()
- db.grantRolesToUser()
- db.removeUser()
- db.revokeRolesFromUser()
- db.updateUser()
- passwordPrompt()
- Role Management Methods
- db.createRole()
- db.dropRole()
- db.dropAllRoles()
- db.getRole()
- db.getRoles()
- db.grantPrivilegesToRole()
- db.revokePrivilegesFromRole()
- db.grantRolesToRole()
- db.revokeRolesFromRole()
- db.updateRole()
- Replication Methods
- rs.add()
- rs.addArb()
- rs.conf()
- rs.freeze()
- rs.help()
- rs.initiate()
- rs.printReplicationInfo()
- rs.printSlaveReplicationInfo()
- rs.reconfig()
- rs.remove()
- rs.status()
- rs.stepDown()
- rs.syncFrom()
- Sharding Methods
- sh.addShard()
- sh.addShardTag()
- sh.addShardToZone()
- sh.addTagRange()
- sh.balancerCollectionStatus()
- sh.disableBalancing()
- sh.enableBalancing()
- sh.disableAutoSplit
- sh.enableAutoSplit
- sh.enableSharding()
- sh.getBalancerHost()
- sh.getBalancerState()
- sh.removeTagRange()
- sh.removeRangeFromZone()
- sh.help()
- sh.isBalancerRunning()
- sh.moveChunk()
- sh.removeShardTag()
- sh.removeShardFromZone()
- sh.setBalancerState()
- sh.shardCollection()
- sh.splitAt()
- sh.splitFind()
- sh.startBalancer()
- sh.status()
- sh.stopBalancer()
- sh.waitForBalancer()
- sh.waitForBalancerOff()
- sh.waitForPingChange()
- sh.updateZoneKeyRange()
- convertShardKeyToHashed
- Free Monitoring Methods
- db.disableFreeMonitoring()
- db.enableFreeMonitoring()
- db.getFreeMonitoringStatus
- Object Constructors and Methods
- BulkWriteResult()
- Date()
- ObjectId
- ObjectId.getTimestamp()
- ObjectId.toString()
- ObjectId.valueOf()
- UUID()
- WriteResult()
- WriteResult.hasWriteError()
- WriteResult.hasWriteConcernError()
- Connection Methods
- connect()
- Mongo()
- Mongo.getDB()
- Mongo.getReadPrefMode()
- Mongo.getReadPrefTagSet()
- Mongo.isCausalConsistency()
- Mongo.setCausalConsistency()
- Mongo.setReadPref()
- Mongo.startSession()
- Mongo.watch()
- Session
- SessionOptions
- Native Methods
- cat()
- cd()
- copyDbpath()
- getHostName()
- getMemInfo()
- hostname()
- isInteractive()
- listFiles()
- load()
- ls()
- md5sumFile()
- mkdir()
- pwd()
- quit()
- removeFile()
- resetDbpath()
- sleep()
- setVerboseShell()
- version()
- _isWindows()
- _rand()
- Client-Side Field Level Encryption Methods
- getKeyVault()
- KeyVault.createKey()
- KeyVault.deleteKey()
- KeyVault.getKey()
- KeyVault.getKeys()
- KeyVault.addKeyAlternateName()
- KeyVault.removeKeyAlternateName()
- KeyVault.getKeyByAltName()
- getClientEncryption()
- ClientEncryption.encrypt()
- ClientEncryption.decrypt()
- mongo Shell 方法
- MongoDB Package Components
- Configuration File Options
- MongoDB Server Parameters
- MongoDB Limits and Thresholds
- Explain Results
- System Collections
- 连接字符串URI格式
- 排序
- MongoDB的Wire协议
- 日志消息
- Exit Codes and Statuses
- 词汇表
- 默认的MongoDB端口
- Default MongoDB Read Concerns/Write Concerns
- 服务器会话
- Configuration File Options
- 默认的MongoDB读/写关注
- 退出代码和状态
- MongoDB Limits and Thresholds
- Operators
- 更新说明
- Release Notes for MongoDB 4.4
- Release Notes for MongoDB 4.2
- Release Notes for MongoDB 4.0
- Release Notes for MongoDB 3.6
- Release Notes for MongoDB 3.4
- Release Notes for MongoDB 3.2
- Release Notes for MongoDB 3.0
- Release Notes for MongoDB 2.6
- Release Notes for MongoDB 2.4
- Release Notes for MongoDB 2.2
- Release Notes for MongoDB 2.0
- Release Notes for MongoDB 1.8
- Release Notes for MongoDB 1.6
- Release Notes for MongoDB 1.4
- Release Notes for MongoDB 1.2.x
- MongoDB Versioning
- 技术支持
- 开始使用MongoDB开发
- 联系我们
- 更多资料
- 本书使用 GitBook 发布
MogoDB 备份方法
MogoDB 备份方法
在本页
当在生产环境中部署 MongoDB 时，应该制定一种策略，以备在发生数据丢失事件时捕获和还原备份。
使用 Atlas 进行备份
MongoDB 官方云服务 MongoDB Atlas 提供2种完全托管的备份方法
连续备份，它对群集中的数据进行增量备份，从而确保备份通常仅比操作系统落后几秒钟。利用 Atlas 连续备份，您可以从存储的快照或最近24小时内的选定时间点还原。您还可以查询连续备份快照。
云提供商快照,使用集群的云服务提供商的原生快照功能提供的本地化的备份存储。
使用 MongoDB Cloud Manage 或者 Ops Manager
MongoDB Cloud Manager 是针对 MongoDB 的托管备份，监控和自动化服务。MongoDB Cloud Manager 支持用户在图形化界面操作备份和还原 MongoDB 副本集和分片集群.
MongoDB Cloud Manager
MongoDB Cloud Manager 支持 MongoDB 部署的备份和恢复
通过从 MongoDB 部署中读取操作日志数据，MongoDB Cloud Manager 持续备份 MongoDB 副本集和分片群集。MongoDB Cloud Manager 会按设置的时间间隔创建数据快照，还可以提供 MongoDB 副本集和分片群集的时间点恢复。
提示
使用其他 MongoDB 备份方法很难实现分片群集快照。
要开始使用 MongoDB Cloud Manager 备份，请注册 MongoDB Cloud Manager。有关 MongoDB Cloud Manager 的文档，请参阅 MongoDB Cloud Manager 的文档。
Ops Manager
借助 Ops Manager，MongoDB 用户可以在自己的基础架构上安装和运行驱动 MongoDB Cloud Manager 的相同核心软件。Ops Manager 是一种本地解决方案，具有与 MongoDB Cloud Manager 相似的功能，可与订阅的企业版高级功能一起使用。
For more information about Ops Manager, see the MongoDB Enterprise Advanced page and the Ops Manager Manual.
有关更多 Ops Manager，请看MongoDB 企业版高级高级功能 和 Ops Manager 操作手册.
通过复制基础数据文件进行备份
使用 AES256-GCM 的加密存储引擎的注意事项
对于使用 AES256-GCM 加密模式的加密存储引擎，AES256-GCM 要求每个进程都使用唯一的计数器块值和密钥。
对于配置了 AES256-GCM 密码加密存储引擎:
- 从热备份还原
从 4.2 开始，如果您通过“热”备份(即 mongod 正在运行)获取的文件进行还原，MongoDB 可以在启动时检测“脏”密钥并自动翻转数据库密钥以避免IV（初始化向量）重用。
- 从冷备份还原
但是, 如果您通过“冷”备份获取的文件恢复(即 mongod 没有在运行),则MongoDB无法在启动时检测到“脏”密钥，并且IV的重用会使机密性和完整性保证无效。
从4.2开始, 为了避免从冷的文件系统快照还原后重新使用密钥，MongoDB 添加了一个新的命令行选项 --eseDatabaseKeyRollover. 使用--eseDatabaseKeyRollover 选项启动, mongod 实例将回滚使用 AES256-GCM 密码配置的数据库密钥，然后退出。
提示
- In general, if using filesystem based backups for MongoDB Enterprise 4.2+, use the “hot” backup feature, if possible.
- 通常，如果对 MongoDB Enterprise 4.2+ 使用基于文件系统的备份，情尽可能使用“热”备份功能。
- For MongoDB Enterprise versions 4.0 and earlier, if you use
AES256-GCMencryption mode, do not make copies of your data files or restore from filesystem snapshots (“hot” or “cold”). - 对于 MongoDB Enterprise 4.0 及更早版本，如果您使用
AES256-GCM加密模式，请不要复制数据文件或从文件系统快照（“热”或“冷”）还原。
使用文件系统快照备份
您可以通过复制MongoDB的基础数据文件来创建MongoDB部署的备份。
如果 MongoDB 存储数据文件的卷支持时间点快照，则可以使用这些快照在确切的时间创建 MongoDB 系统的备份。文件系统快照是操作系统卷管理器功能，并非特定于 MongoDB。借助文件系统快照，操作系统可以获取卷的快照以用作数据备份的基准。快照的机制取决于基础存储系统。例如，在 Linux 上，逻辑卷管理器（LVM）可以创建快照。同样，Amazon 的 EC2 EBS 存储系统支持快照。
要获取正在运行的 mongod 进程的正确快照，您必须启用日记功能，并且日记必须与其他MongoDB 数据文件位于同一逻辑卷上。如果未启用日记功能，则无法保证快照将保持一致或有效。
要获得分片群集的一致快照，必须禁用平衡器并在大约同一时间从每个分片以及配置服务器捕获快照。
欲了解更多信息，请参阅使用文件系统快照备份和恢复 和 使用文件系统快照备份分片集群使用 LVM 创建快照的完整说明。
使用 cp 或者 rsync 备份
如果存储系统不支持快照，可以直接使用 cp，rsync 或类似的工具拷贝文件。由于复制多个文件不是原子操作，因此必须mongod在复制文件之前停止对的所有写操作。否则，您将以无效状态复制文件。
通过复制基础数据生成的备份不支持副本集的时间点恢复，并且对于较大的分片群集很难管理。此外，这些备份更大，因为它们包括索引以及重复的基础存储填充和碎片。mongodump 相反，创建的备份较小。
使用 mongodump 备份
mongodump 从 MongoDB 数据库读取数据，并创建高保真 BSON 文件，该 mongorestore 工具可用于填充 MongoDB 数据库。 mongodump 和 mongorestore 是用于备份和还原小型 MongoDB 部署的简单高效的工具，但是对于捕获大型系统的备份而言并不是理想的选择。
mongodump 和 mongorestore针对正在运行的 mongod 进程进行操作，并且可以直接操作基础数据文件。默认情况下，mongodump 不捕获本地数据库的内容。
mongodump 仅捕获数据库中的文档。生成的备份是节省空间的，但是mongorestore 或 mongod恢复数据后，必须重建索引。
当连接一个 MongoDB 实例时，mongodump可能会对mongod的性能产生不利影响。如果您的数据大于系统内存，则查询会将工作集推出内存，从而导致页面错误。
应用程序可以在 mongodump 捕获输出的同时继续修改数据，对于副本集，当进行mongodump 操作时，mongodump 提供 --oplog 选项来包括它输出的oplog 实体。这允许响应的mongorestore恢复捕获的 oplog。要恢复创建时带了--oplog选项的备份，进行mongorestore操作是需要有 --oplogReplay选项。
但是对于副本集，请考虑使用 MongoDB Cloud Manager 或 Ops Manager。
注意
mongodump 和 mongorestore不能作为正在进行分片事务的4.2+版本分片群集的备份策略的一部分，因为使用创建的备份不会保持跨分片事务的原子性保证。
对于具有正在进行的分片事务的 4.2+ 版本分片集群，请使用以下一个协调的备份和还原过程，这些过程确实维护了跨分片事务的原子性保证：
有关更多信息请参阅Back Up and Restore with MongoDB Tools 和 Back Up a Sharded Cluster with Database Dumps
译者：谢伟成
Copyright © 上海锦木信息技术有限公司 all right reserved，powered by Gitbook文件修订时间： 2020-12-18 11:34:57
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