- MongoDB官方文档中文版
- MongoDB用户手册
- MongoDB简介
- 安装 MongoDB
- 安装MongoDB社区版
- 安装MongoDB企业版
- 将社区版MongoDB升级到企业版MongoDB
- 验证MongoDB软件包的完整性
- Mongo Shell
- 增删改查操作
- 聚合
- 数据模式
- 数据建模介绍
- 模式验证
- Data Modeling Concepts
- Data Model Examples and Patterns
- Model Relationships Between Documents
- Model One-to-One Relationships with Embedded Documents
- Model One-to-Many Relationships with Embedded Documents
- Model One-to-Many Relationships with Document References
- Model Tree Structures
- Model Tree Structures with Parent References
- Model Tree Structures with Child References
- Model Tree Structures with an Array of Ancestors
- Model Tree Structures with Materialized Paths
- Model Tree Structures with Nested Sets
- Model Specific Application Contexts
- Model Data for Atomic Operations
- Model Data to Support Keyword Search
- Model Data for Schema Versioning
- Model Monetary Data
- Model Time Data
- Model Computed Data
- Data Model Reference
- 事务
- 索引
- Single Field Indexes
- Compound Indexes
- Multikey Indexes
- Text Indexes
- Wildcard Indexes
- 2dsphere Indexes
- 2d Indexes
- geoHaystack Indexes
- Hashed Indexes
- 索引特性
- Index Builds on Populated Collections
- 索引交集
- Manage Indexes
- 衡量索引使用
- Indexing Strategies
- Indexing Reference
- 2d索引
- 2dsphere索引
- 复合索引
- geoHaystack索引
- Hashed 索引
- 在填充的集合上建立索引
- 索引参考
- 索引策略
- 管理索引
- 多键索引
- 单字段索引
- 文本索引
- 通配符索引
- 安全
- 安全检查列表
- Enable Access Control
- 身份验证
- Users
- Add Users
- Authentication Mechanisms
- SCRAM
- x.509
- Enterprise Authentication Mechanisms
- Kerberos Authentication
- LDAP Proxy Authentication
- LDAP Authorization
- Internal/Membership Authentication
- Deploy Replica Set With Keyfile Authentication
- Update Replica Set to Keyfile Authentication
- Update Replica Set to Keyfile Authentication (No Downtime)
- Rotate Keys for Replica Sets
- Deploy Sharded Cluster with Keyfile Authentication
- Update Sharded Cluster to Keyfile Authentication
- Update Sharded Cluster to Keyfile Authentication (No Downtime)
- Rotate Keys for Sharded Clusters
- Use x.509 Certificate for Membership Authentication
- Upgrade from Keyfile Authentication to x.509 Authentication
- Rolling Update of x.509 Cluster Certificates that Contain New DN
- Role-Based Access Control
- TLS/SSL (Transport Encryption)
- Encryption at Rest
- Client-Side Field Level Encryption
- 审计
- Network and Configuration Hardening
- Implement Field Level Redaction
- Security Reference
- Create a Vulnerability Report
- Appendix
- 附录
- 启用访问控制
- 网络和配置强化
- 安全参考
- 改变流
- 复制集
- 复制集成员
- 副本集日志
- Replica Set Data Synchronization
- 副本集部署架构
- Replica Set High Availability
- Replica Set Read and Write Semantics
- Replica Set Deployment Tutorials
- Member Configuration Tutorials
- Replica Set Maintenance Tutorials
- Change the Size of the Oplog
- Perform Maintenance on Replica Set Members
- Force a Member to Become Primary
- Resync a Member of a Replica Set
- Configure Replica Set Tag Sets
- Reconfigure a Replica Set with Unavailable Members
- Manage Chained Replication
- Change Hostnames in a Replica Set
- Configure a Secondary’s Sync Target
- Replication Reference
- 副本集数据同步
- 分片
- 分片集群组成]
- 片键
- 哈希分片
- 范围分片
- 部署分片集群
- 区域
- Data Partitioning with Chunks
- Balancer
- Administration
- Config Server Administration
- Replace a Config Server
- View Cluster Configuration
- Restart a Sharded Cluster
- Migrate a Sharded Cluster to Different Hardware
- Add Shards to a Cluster
- Remove Shards from an Existing Sharded Cluster
- Clear jumbo Flag
- Back Up Cluster Metadata
- Convert Sharded Cluster to Replica Set
- Convert a Replica Set to a Sharded Cluster
- Convert a Shard Standalone to a Shard Replica Set
- Sharding Reference
- 分片键
- Zone
- 管理权限
- 产品说明
- Operations Checklist
- Development Checklist
- Performance
- 配置和维护
- Data Center Awareness
- MongoDB Backup Methods
- Back Up and Restore with Filesystem Snapshots
- Back Up and Restore with MongoDB Tools
- Restore a Replica Set from MongoDB Backups
- Backup and Restore Sharded Clusters
- Back Up a Sharded Cluster with File System Snapshots
- Back Up a Sharded Cluster with Database Dumps
- Schedule Backup Window for Sharded Clusters
- Restore a Sharded Cluster
- Recover a Standalone after an Unexpected Shutdown
- Monitoring for MongoDB
- 开发检查表
- MogoDB 备份方法
- 操作检查表
- MongoDB性能
- 存储
- 常见问题
- 参考
- Operators
- Query and Projection Operators
- Comparison Query Operators
- Logical Query Operators
- Element Query Operators
- Evaluation Query Operators
- Geospatial Query Operators
- Array Query Operators
- Bitwise Query Operators
- $comment
- 查询与映射运算符
- 更新运算符
- Field Update Operators
- Array Update Operators
- Bitwise Update Operator
- Aggregation Pipeline Stages
- $addFields (aggregation)
- $bucket (aggregation)
- $bucketAuto (aggregation)
- $collStats (aggregation)
- $count (aggregation)
- $currentOp (aggregation)
- $facet (aggregation)
- $geoNear (aggregation)
- $graphLookup (aggregation)
- $group (aggregation)
- $indexStats (aggregation)
- $limit (aggregation)
- $listLocalSessions
- $listSessions
- $lookup (aggregation)
- $match (aggregation)
- $merge (aggregation)
- $out (aggregation)
- $planCacheStats
- $project (aggregation)
- $redact (aggregation)
- $replaceRoot (aggregation)
- $replaceWith (aggregation)
- $sample (aggregation)
- $set (aggregation)
- $skip (aggregation)
- $sort (aggregation)
- $sortByCount (aggregation)
- $unionWith (aggregation)
- $unset (aggregation)
- $unwind (aggregation)
- Aggregation Pipeline Operators
- $sin (aggregation)
- $abs (aggregation)
- $slice (aggregation)
- $accumulator (aggregation)
- $split (aggregation)
- $acos (aggregation)
- $sqrt (aggregation)
- $acosh (aggregation)
- $add (aggregation)
- $addToSet (aggregation)
- $allElementsTrue (aggregation)
- $and (aggregation)
- $anyElementTrue (aggregation)
- $arrayElemAt (aggregation)
- $arrayToObject (aggregation)
- $asin (aggregation)
- $asinh (aggregation)
- $sum (aggregation)
- $atan (aggregation)
- $atan2 (aggregation)
- $tan (aggregation)
- $atanh (aggregation)
- $avg (aggregation)
- $binarySize (aggregation)
- $bsonSize (aggregation)
- $ceil (aggregation)
- $toInt (aggregation)
- $cmp (aggregation)
- $concat (aggregation)
- $concatArrays (aggregation)
- $cond (aggregation)
- $convert (aggregation)
- $cos (aggregation)
- $dateFromParts (aggregation)
- $dateToParts (aggregation)
- $type (aggregation)
- $dateFromString (aggregation)
- $week (aggregation)
- $dateToString (aggregation)
- $year (aggregation)
- $dayOfMonth (aggregation)
- $zip (aggregation)
- $dayOfWeek (aggregation)
- $dayOfYear (aggregation)
- $degreesToRadians (aggregation)
- $divide (aggregation)
- $eq (aggregation)
- $exp (aggregation)
- $filter (aggregation)
- $first (aggregation accumulator)
- $first (aggregation)
- $floor (aggregation)
- $function (aggregation)
- $gt (aggregation)
- $gte (aggregation)
- $hour (aggregation)
- $ifNull (aggregation)
- $in (aggregation)
- $indexOfArray (aggregation)
- $indexOfBytes (aggregation)
- $indexOfCP (aggregation)
- $isArray (aggregation)
- $isNumber (aggregation)
- $isoDayOfWeek (aggregation)
- $isoWeek (aggregation)
- $isoWeekYear (aggregation)
- $last (aggregation accumulator)
- $last (aggregation)
- $let (aggregation)
- $literal (aggregation)
- $ln (aggregation)
- $log (aggregation)
- $log10 (aggregation)
- $lt (aggregation)
- $lte (aggregation)
- $trim (aggregation)
- $map (aggregation)
- $max (aggregation)
- $mergeObjects (aggregation)
- $meta
- $min (aggregation)
- $millisecond (aggregation)
- $minute (aggregation)
- $mod (aggregation)
- $month (aggregation)
- $multiply (aggregation)
- $ne (aggregation)
- $not (aggregation)
- $objectToArray (aggregation)
- $or (aggregation)
- $pow (aggregation)
- $push (aggregation)
- $radiansToDegrees (aggregation)
- $range (aggregation)
- $reduce (aggregation)
- $regexFind (aggregation)
- $regexFindAll (aggregation)
- $regexMatch (aggregation)
- $replaceOne (aggregation)
- $replaceAll (aggregation)
- $reverseArray (aggregation)
- $round (aggregation)
- $rtrim (aggregation)
- $second (aggregation)
- $setDifference (aggregation)
- $setEquals (aggregation)
- $setIntersection (aggregation)
- $setIsSubset (aggregation)
- $setUnion (aggregation)
- $size (aggregation)
- $slice (aggregation)
- $split (aggregation)
- $sqrt (aggregation)
- $stdDevPop (aggregation)
- $stdDevSamp (aggregation)
- $strcasecmp (aggregation)
- $strLenBytes (aggregation)
- $strLenCP (aggregation)
- $substr (aggregation)
- $substrBytes (aggregation)
- $substrCP (aggregation)
- $subtract (aggregation)
- $sum (aggregation)
- $switch (aggregation)
- $tan (aggregation)
- $toBool (aggregation)
- $toDate (aggregation)
- $toDecimal (aggregation)
- $toDouble(aggregation)
- $toInt (aggregation)
- $toLong (aggregation)
- $toObjectId (aggregation)
- $toString (aggregation)
- $toLower (aggregation)
- $toUpper (aggregation)
- $trim (aggregation)
- $trunc (aggregation)
- $type (aggregation)
- $week (aggregation)
- $year (aggregation)
- $zip (aggregation)
- 查询修饰符
- $comment
- $explain
- $hint
- $max
- $maxTimeMS
- $min
- $orderby
- $query
- $returnKey
- $showDiskLoc
- $natural
- 聚合管道操作符
- $abs (aggregation)
- $acos (aggregation)
- $acosh (aggregation)
- $add (aggregation)
- $addToSet (aggregation)
- $and (aggregation)
- $anyElementTrue (aggregation)
- $arrayElemAt (aggregation)
- $arrayToObject (aggregation)
- $asin (aggregation)
- $asinh (aggregation)
- $atan (aggregation)
- $atan2 (aggregation)
- $atanh (aggregation)
- $avg (aggregation)
- $ceil (aggregation)
- $cmp (aggregation)
- $concat (aggregation)
- $concatArrays (aggregation)
- $cond (aggregation)
- $convert (aggregation)
- $cos (aggregation)
- $dateFromParts (aggregation)
- $dateFromString (aggregation)
- $dateToParts (aggregation)
- $dateToString (aggregation)
- $literal (aggregation)
- 聚合管道阶段
- 数据库命令
- Aggregation Commands
- aggregate
- count
- distinct
- mapReduce
- Geospatial Commands
- geoSearch
- Query and Write Operation Commands
- delete
- find
- findAndModify
- getLastError
- getMore
- insert
- resetError
- update
- 查询计划缓存命令
- planCacheClear
- planCacheClearFilters
- planCacheListFilters
- planCacheSetFilter
- 认证命令
- authenticate
- getnonce
- logout
- User Management Commands
- createUser
- dropAllUsersFromDatabase
- dropUser
- grantRolesToUser
- revokeRolesFromUser
- updateUser
- usersInfo
- Role Management Commands
- createRole
- dropRole
- dropAllRolesFromDatabase
- grantPrivilegesToRole
- grantRolesToRole
- invalidateUserCache
- revokePrivilegesFromRole
- revokeRolesFromRole
- rolesInfo
- updateRole
- Replication Commands
- applyOps
- isMaster
- replSetAbortPrimaryCatchUp
- replSetFreeze
- replSetGetConfig
- replSetGetStatus
- replSetInitiate
- replSetMaintenance
- replSetReconfig
- replSetResizeOplog
- replSetStepDown
- replSetSyncFrom
- Sharding Commands
- addShard
- addShardToZone
- balancerCollectionStatus
- balancerStart
- balancerStatus
- balancerStop
- checkShardingIndex
- clearJumboFlag
- cleanupOrphaned
- enableSharding
- flushRouterConfig
- getShardMap
- getShardVersion
- isdbgrid
- listShards
- medianKey
- moveChunk
- movePrimary
- mergeChunks
- refineCollectionShardKey
- removeShard
- removeShardFromZone
- setShardVersion
- shardCollection
- shardingState
- split
- splitChunk
- splitVector
- unsetSharding
- updateZoneKeyRange
- Sessions Commands
- abortTransaction
- commitTransaction
- endSessions
- killAllSessions
- killAllSessionsByPattern
- killSessions
- refreshSessions
- startSession
- Administration Commands
- cloneCollectionAsCapped
- collMod
- compact
- connPoolSync
- convertToCapped
- create
- createIndexes
- currentOp
- drop
- dropDatabase
- dropConnections
- dropIndexes
- filemd5
- fsync
- fsyncUnlock
- getDefaultRWConcern
- getParameter
- killCursors
- killOp
- listCollections
- listDatabases
- listIndexes
- logRotate
- reIndex
- renameCollection
- setFeatureCompatibilityVersion
- setIndexCommitQuorum
- setParameter
- setDefaultRWConcern
- shutdown
- Diagnostic Commands
- availableQueryOptions
- buildInfo
- collStats
- connPoolStats
- connectionStatus
- cursorInfo
- dataSize
- dbHash
- dbStats
- diagLogging
- driverOIDTest
- explain
- features
- getCmdLineOpts
- getLog
- hostInfo
- isSelf
- listCommands
- lockInfo
- netstat
- ping
- profile
- serverStatus
- shardConnPoolStats
- top
- validate
- whatsmyuri
- 免费监控命令
- getFreeMonitoringStatus
- setFreeMonitoring
- 数据库命令
- logApplicationMessage
- 管理命令
- 聚合命令
- 诊断命令
- 地理空间命令
- 查询和写操作命令
- 复制命令
- 角色管理命令
- 会话命令
- 分片命令
- 用户管理命令
- mongo Shell 方法
- Collection Methods
- db.collection.aggregate()
- db.collection.bulkWrite()
- db.collection.copyTo()
- db.collection.count()
- db.collection.countDocuments()
- db.collection.estimatedDocumentCount()
- db.collection.createIndex()
- db.collection.createIndexes()
- db.collection.dataSize()
- db.collection.deleteOne()
- db.collection.deleteMany()
- db.collection.distinct()
- db.collection.drop()
- db.collection.dropIndex()
- db.collection.dropIndexes()
- db.collection.ensureIndex()
- db.collection.explain()
- db.collection.find()
- db.collection.findAndModify()
- db.collection.findOne()
- db.collection.findOneAndDelete()
- db.collection.findOneAndReplace()
- db.collection.findOneAndUpdate()
- db.collection.getIndexes()
- db.collection.getShardDistribution()
- db.collection.getShardVersion()
- db.collection.hideIndex()
- db.collection.insert()
- db.collection.insertOne()
- db.collection.insertMany()
- db.collection.isCapped()
- db.collection.latencyStats()
- db.collection.mapReduce()
- db.collection.reIndex()
- db.collection.remove()
- db.collection.renameCollection()
- db.collection.replaceOne()
- db.collection.save()
- db.collection.stats()
- db.collection.storageSize()
- db.collection.totalIndexSize()
- db.collection.totalSize()
- db.collection.unhideIndex()
- db.collection.update()
- db.collection.updateOne()
- db.collection.updateMany()
- db.collection.watch()
- db.collection.validate()
- Cursor Methods
- cursor.addOption()
- cursor.allowDiskUse()
- cursor.allowPartialResults()
- cursor.batchSize()
- cursor.close()
- cursor.isClosed()
- cursor.collation()
- cursor.comment()
- cursor.count()
- cursor.explain()
- cursor.forEach()
- cursor.hasNext()
- cursor.hint()
- cursor.isExhausted()
- cursor.itcount()
- cursor.limit()
- cursor.map()
- cursor.max()
- cursor.maxTimeMS()
- cursor.min()
- cursor.next()
- cursor.noCursorTimeout()
- cursor.objsLeftInBatch()
- cursor.pretty()
- cursor.readConcern()
- cursor.readPref()
- cursor.returnKey()
- cursor.showRecordId()
- cursor.size()
- cursor.skip()
- cursor.sort()
- cursor.tailable()
- cursor.toArray()
- Database Methods
- db.adminCommand()
- db.aggregate()
- db.cloneDatabase()
- db.commandHelp()
- db.copyDatabase()
- db.createCollection()
- db.createView()
- db.currentOp()
- db.dropDatabase()
- db.eval()
- db.fsyncLock()
- db.fsyncUnlock()
- db.getCollection()
- db.getCollectionInfos()
- db.getCollectionNames()
- db.getLastError()
- db.getLastErrorObj()
- db.getLogComponents()
- db.getMongo()
- db.getName()
- db.getProfilingLevel()
- db.getProfilingStatus()
- db.getReplicationInfo()
- db.getSiblingDB()
- db.help()
- db.hostInfo()
- db.isMaster()
- db.killOp()
- db.listCommands()
- db.logout()
- db.printCollectionStats()
- db.printReplicationInfo()
- db.printShardingStatus()
- db.printSlaveReplicationInfo()
- db.resetError()
- db.runCommand()
- db.serverBuildInfo()
- db.serverCmdLineOpts()
- db.serverStatus()
- db.setLogLevel()
- db.setProfilingLevel()
- db.shutdownServer()
- db.stats()
- db.version()
- db.watch()
- Query Plan Cache Methods
- db.collection.getPlanCache()
- PlanCache.clear()
- PlanCache.clearPlansByQuery()
- PlanCache.help()
- PlanCache.list()
- Bulk Operation Methods
- db.collection.initializeOrderedBulkOp()
- db.collection.initializeUnorderedBulkOp()
- Bulk()
- Bulk.execute()
- Bulk.find()
- Bulk.find.arrayFilters()
- Bulk.find.collation()
- Bulk.find.hint()
- Bulk.find.remove()
- Bulk.find.removeOne()
- Bulk.find.replaceOne()
- Bulk.find.updateOne()
- Bulk.find.update()
- Bulk.find.upsert()
- Bulk.getOperations()
- Bulk.insert()
- Bulk.tojson()
- Bulk.toString()
- User Management Methods
- db.auth()
- db.changeUserPassword()
- db.createUser()
- db.dropUser()
- db.dropAllUsers()
- db.getUser()
- db.getUsers()
- db.grantRolesToUser()
- db.removeUser()
- db.revokeRolesFromUser()
- db.updateUser()
- passwordPrompt()
- Role Management Methods
- db.createRole()
- db.dropRole()
- db.dropAllRoles()
- db.getRole()
- db.getRoles()
- db.grantPrivilegesToRole()
- db.revokePrivilegesFromRole()
- db.grantRolesToRole()
- db.revokeRolesFromRole()
- db.updateRole()
- Replication Methods
- rs.add()
- rs.addArb()
- rs.conf()
- rs.freeze()
- rs.help()
- rs.initiate()
- rs.printReplicationInfo()
- rs.printSlaveReplicationInfo()
- rs.reconfig()
- rs.remove()
- rs.status()
- rs.stepDown()
- rs.syncFrom()
- Sharding Methods
- sh.addShard()
- sh.addShardTag()
- sh.addShardToZone()
- sh.addTagRange()
- sh.balancerCollectionStatus()
- sh.disableBalancing()
- sh.enableBalancing()
- sh.disableAutoSplit
- sh.enableAutoSplit
- sh.enableSharding()
- sh.getBalancerHost()
- sh.getBalancerState()
- sh.removeTagRange()
- sh.removeRangeFromZone()
- sh.help()
- sh.isBalancerRunning()
- sh.moveChunk()
- sh.removeShardTag()
- sh.removeShardFromZone()
- sh.setBalancerState()
- sh.shardCollection()
- sh.splitAt()
- sh.splitFind()
- sh.startBalancer()
- sh.status()
- sh.stopBalancer()
- sh.waitForBalancer()
- sh.waitForBalancerOff()
- sh.waitForPingChange()
- sh.updateZoneKeyRange()
- convertShardKeyToHashed
- Free Monitoring Methods
- db.disableFreeMonitoring()
- db.enableFreeMonitoring()
- db.getFreeMonitoringStatus
- Object Constructors and Methods
- BulkWriteResult()
- Date()
- ObjectId
- ObjectId.getTimestamp()
- ObjectId.toString()
- ObjectId.valueOf()
- UUID()
- WriteResult()
- WriteResult.hasWriteError()
- WriteResult.hasWriteConcernError()
- Connection Methods
- connect()
- Mongo()
- Mongo.getDB()
- Mongo.getReadPrefMode()
- Mongo.getReadPrefTagSet()
- Mongo.isCausalConsistency()
- Mongo.setCausalConsistency()
- Mongo.setReadPref()
- Mongo.startSession()
- Mongo.watch()
- Session
- SessionOptions
- Native Methods
- cat()
- cd()
- copyDbpath()
- getHostName()
- getMemInfo()
- hostname()
- isInteractive()
- listFiles()
- load()
- ls()
- md5sumFile()
- mkdir()
- pwd()
- quit()
- removeFile()
- resetDbpath()
- sleep()
- setVerboseShell()
- version()
- _isWindows()
- _rand()
- Client-Side Field Level Encryption Methods
- getKeyVault()
- KeyVault.createKey()
- KeyVault.deleteKey()
- KeyVault.getKey()
- KeyVault.getKeys()
- KeyVault.addKeyAlternateName()
- KeyVault.removeKeyAlternateName()
- KeyVault.getKeyByAltName()
- getClientEncryption()
- ClientEncryption.encrypt()
- ClientEncryption.decrypt()
- mongo Shell 方法
- MongoDB Package Components
- Configuration File Options
- MongoDB Server Parameters
- MongoDB Limits and Thresholds
- Explain Results
- System Collections
- 连接字符串URI格式
- 排序
- MongoDB的Wire协议
- 日志消息
- Exit Codes and Statuses
- 词汇表
- 默认的MongoDB端口
- Default MongoDB Read Concerns/Write Concerns
- 服务器会话
- Configuration File Options
- 默认的MongoDB读/写关注
- 退出代码和状态
- MongoDB Limits and Thresholds
- Operators
- 更新说明
- Release Notes for MongoDB 4.4
- Release Notes for MongoDB 4.2
- Release Notes for MongoDB 4.0
- Release Notes for MongoDB 3.6
- Release Notes for MongoDB 3.4
- Release Notes for MongoDB 3.2
- Release Notes for MongoDB 3.0
- Release Notes for MongoDB 2.6
- Release Notes for MongoDB 2.4
- Release Notes for MongoDB 2.2
- Release Notes for MongoDB 2.0
- Release Notes for MongoDB 1.8
- Release Notes for MongoDB 1.6
- Release Notes for MongoDB 1.4
- Release Notes for MongoDB 1.2.x
- MongoDB Versioning
- 技术支持
- 开始使用MongoDB开发
- 联系我们
- 更多资料
- 本书使用 GitBook 发布
mongo Shell 快速参考
mongo Shell 快速参考 在本页面
[success] Note
下面的文档是MongoDB服务器下载.中包含的
mongo
shell。有关新的MongoDB Shell ,mongosh的信息,请参考mongosh文档。要了解这两种shell的区别,请参阅Comparison of the mongo Shell and mongosh.
mongo Shell命令历史
您可以使用上下箭头键检索在 mongo
shell中发布的先前命令。 命令历史记录存储在〜/ .dbshell文件中。 有关更多信息,请参见.dbshell 。
命令行选项
mongo
shell可以使用许多选项启动。 有关所有可用选项的详细信息,请参见mongo shell 页面。
下表显示了mongo的一些常用选项:
选项 | 说明 |
---|---|
—help | 显示命令行选项 |
—nodb | 在不连接数据库的情况下启动mongo shell。 要稍后连接,请参阅Opening New Connections。 |
—shell | 与JavaScript文件(即<file.js>])结合使用,以在运行JavaScript文件后在mongo shell中继续。 有关示例,请参见 JavaScript file。 |
命令助手
mongo
shell提供了各种帮助。下表显示了一些常见的帮助方法和命令:
帮助方法和命令 | 描述 |
---|---|
help() | 打印当前数据库的列表 |
db.help() | 打印当前数据库的所有角色的列表,包括用户定义的角色和内置角色。 |
db. .help() | 打印耗时1毫秒或更长时间的五个最新操作。 有关更多信息,请参见数据库分析器上的文档。 |
show dbs | 打印所有可用数据库的列表。
该操作对应于listDatabases 命令。 如果部署使用访问控制运行,则该操作将根据用户权限返回不同的值。 有关详细信息,请参见 listDatabases。 |
use<db > | 将当前数据库切换到<db >。 mongo shell变量db设置为当前数据库。 |
show collections | 打印当前数据库的所有集合的列表。 另可参考: show collections |
show users | 打印当前数据库列表 |
show roles | 打印当前数据库的所有角色的列表,包括用户定义角色和内置角色。 |
show profile | 打印耗时1毫秒或更长时间的五个最新操作。 有关更多信息,请参见 database profiler。 |
show databases | 打印所有可用数据库的列表。 该操作对应于 listDatabases 命令。 如果部署使用访问控制运行,则该操作将根据用户权限返回不同的值。 有关详细信息,请参见 listDatabases。 |
load() | 执行一个JavaScript文件。 有关更多信息,请参见 Write Scripts for the mongo Shell。 |
Shell基本JavaScript操作
mongo
shell提供了用于数据库操作的JavaScript API 。
在mongo shell中,db是引用当前数据库的变量。该变量自动设置为默认数据库测试,或者在use <db
>切换当前数据库时设置。
下表显示了一些常见的JavaScript操作:
JavaScript数据库操作 | 说明 |
---|---|
db.auth() | 如果以安全模式运行,请对用户进行身份验证。 |
coll = db.<collection > | 将当前数据库中的特定集合设置为变量coll,如以下示例所示: coll = db.myCollection; 您可以使用变量在myCollection上执行操作,如以下示例所示: coll.find(); |
db.collection.find() | 查找集合中的所有文档并返回一个游标。 有关更多信息和示例,请参见db.collection.find()和查询文档。 有关在mongo shell中处理游标的信息,请参阅在mongo Shell中迭代游标。 |
db.collection.insertOne() | 将新文档插入集合中。 |
db.collection.insertMany() | 将多个新文档插入集合中。 |
db.collection.updateOne() | 更新集合中的单个现有文档。 |
db.collection.updateMany() | 更新集合中的多个现有文档。 |
db.collection.save() | 插入新文档或更新集合中的现有文档。 |
db.collection.deleteOne() | 从集合中删除单个文档。 |
db.collection.deleteMany() | 从集合中删除多个文档 |
db.collection.drop() | 完全删除或除去集合。 |
db.collection.createIndex() | 如果索引不存在,则在集合上创建一个新索引;否则,该操作无效。 |
db.getSiblingDB() | 使用相同的连接返回对另一个数据库的引用,而无需显式切换当前数据库。 这允许跨数据库查询。 |
有关在shell中执行操作的更多信息,请参见:
键盘快捷键
shell提供了大多数键盘快捷键,类似于bash shell或Emacs中的快捷键。 对于某些功能,mongo
提供了多个键绑定,以适应几种熟悉的范例。
下表列举了 mongo
shell支持的按键:
按键 | 功能 |
---|---|
Up-arrow | 以前的历史 |
Down-arrow | 下一个历史 |
Home | 行起点 |
End | 行尾 |
Tab | 自动完成 |
Left-arrow | 后退字符 |
Right-arrow | 向前字符 |
Ctrl-left-arrow | 后向词 |
Ctrl-right-arrow | 前向词 |
Meta-left-arrow | 后向词 |
Meta-right-arrow | 前向词 |
Ctrl-A | 上线 |
Ctrl-B | 向后字符 |
Ctrl-C | 退出 |
Ctrl-D | 删除字符(或退出) |
Ctrl-E | 行结束 |
Ctrl-F | 转发字符 |
Ctrl-G | 中止 |
Ctrl-J | 接受线 |
Ctrl-K | 杀死线 |
Ctrl-L | 清除屏幕 |
Ctrl-M | 接受线 |
Ctrl-N | 下一个历史记录 |
Ctrl-P | 以前的历史记录 |
Ctrl-R | 反向搜索历史 |
Ctrl-S | 正向搜索历史 |
Ctrl-T | 转置字符 |
Ctrl-U | 丢弃Unix线 |
Ctrl-W | Unix单词清除 |
Ctrl-Y | 拉动 |
Ctrl-Z | 挂起(作业控制在Linux中有效) |
Ctrl-H (i.e. Backspace) | 向后删除字符 |
Ctrl-I (i.e. Tab) | 完成 |
Meta-B | 后退词 |
Meta-C | 大写词 |
Meta-D | 杀死命令 |
Meta-F | 转发字 |
Meta-L | 小写词 |
Meta-U | 大写词 |
Meta-Y | yank-pop |
Meta-[Backspace] | 撤销杀死命令 |
Meta-< | 历史开始 |
Meta-> | 历史结束 |
查询
在mongo shell中,使用find()
和findOne()
方法执行读取操作。
find()
方法返回一个游标对象,mongo
shell对其进行迭代以在屏幕上打印文档。 默认情况下,mongo
打印前20个结果。mongo
shell将提示用户“输入”以继续迭代接下来的20个结果。
下表提供了mongo shell中的一些常见读取操作:
读取操作 | 说明描述 |
---|---|
db.collection.find( ) | 在集合中找到符合<query >条件的文档。 如果未指定<query >条件或该条件为空(即{}),则读取操作将选择集合中的所有文档。
以下示例在用户集合中选择name字段等于“ Joe”的文档:coll = db.users;coll.find( { name: "Joe" } );有关指定<query >条件的更多信息,请参见:
Specify Equality Condition.
|
db.collection.find(
| 查找符合<query >条件的文档,并仅返回<projection >中的特定字段。
以下示例从集合中选择所有文档,但仅返回名称字段和_id字段。 除非明确指定不返回,否则始终返回_id。
coll = db.users;
coll.find({},{name:true});
有关指定<projection >的更多信息,请参见Project Fields to Return from Query.。 |
db.collection.find().sort( | 以指定的<sort order >返回结果。
以下示例从集合中选择所有文档,并返回按名称字段升序+1排序的结果。 使用-1降序:
coll = db.users;
coll.find()。sort({name:1}); |
db.collection.find( order >) | 以指定的<sort order >返回符合<query >条件的文档。 |
db.collection.find( … ).limit( ) | 将结果限制为<n >行。 如果只需要一定数量的行以获得最佳性能,则强烈建议使用。 |
db.collection.find( … ).skip( ) | 跳过<n >个结果。 |
db.collection.count() | 返回集合中的文档总数。 |
db.collection.find().count() | 返回与查询匹配的文档总数。
count() 忽略limit() 和skip() .例如,如果有100条记录匹配,但限制为10,则count() 将返回100。这比迭代自己的速度更快,但仍然需要时间。 |
db.collection.findOne() | 查找并返回一个文档。 如果找不到,则返回null。
以下示例在用户集合中选择一个名称与“ Joe”匹配的文档:
coll = db.users;
coll.findOne({name:“ Joe”});
在内部,findOne() 方法是带有limit(1) 的find() 方法。 |
有关更多信息和示例,请参阅Query Documents 。 请参阅Query and Projection Operators。
错误检查方法
mongo shell write方法将Write Concern直接集成到方法执行中,并返回一个WriteResult()对象,该对象包含操作结果,包括所有写错误和写关注错误。
行政命令助手
下表列出了一些支持数据库管理的常用方法:
JavaScript数据库管理 | 方法说明 |
---|---|
db.fromColl.renameCollection( | 将集合从fromColl重命名为<toColl >。 请参阅Naming Restrictions。 |
db.getCollectionNames() | 获取当前数据库中所有集合的列表。 |
db.dropDatabase() | 删除当前数据库。 |
另请参见administrative database methods以获取方法的完整列表。
打开其他连接
您可以在mongo shell中创建新的连接。
下表显示了创建连接的方法:
JavaScript连接创建方法 | 说明 |
---|---|
db = connect("<host ><:port>/<dbname >") | 打开一个新的数据库连接。 |
conn = new Mongo() db = conn.getDB("dbname") | 使用新的Mongo()打开与新服务器的连接。 使用连接的getDB()方法选择数据库。 |
另请参阅 Opening New Connections以获取有关从mongo shell打开新连接的更多信息。
多样式
下表显示了一些其他方法:
方法 | 描述 |
---|---|
Object.bsonsize(<document >) | Prints the BSON size of a <document > in bytes |
其他资源
考虑以下解决mongo shell及其接口的参考资料:
另外,MongoDB源代码存储库包括一个jstests目录,该目录包含许多mongo shell脚本。
译者:王恒
校对:杨帅
参见
原文 - mongo Shell Quick Reference
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