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Comparison and Sort Order
Comparison/Sort Order
On this page
When comparing values of differentBSON types, MongoDB uses the following comparison order, from lowest to highest:
- MinKey (internal type)
- Null
- Numbers (ints, longs, doubles, decimals)
- Symbol, String
- Object
- Array
- BinData
- ObjectId
- Boolean
- Date
- Timestamp
- Regular Expression
- MaxKey (internal type)
Numeric Types
MongoDB treats some types as equivalent for comparison purposes. For instance, numeric types undergo conversion before comparison.
Strings
Binary Comparison
By default, MongoDB uses the simple binary comparison to compare strings.
Collation
New in version 3.4.
Collationallows users to specify language-specific rules for string comparison, such as rules for lettercase and accent marks.
Collation specification has the following syntax:
{
locale
:
<
string
>
,
caseLevel
:
<
boolean
>
,
caseFirst
:
<
string
>
,
strength
:
<
int
>
,
numericOrdering
:
<
boolean
>
,
alternate
:
<
string
>
,
maxVariable
:
<
string
>
,
backwards
:
<
boolean
>
}
When specifying collation, thelocalefield is mandatory; all other collation fields are optional. For descriptions of the fields, seeCollation Document.
If no collation is specified for the collection or for the operations, MongoDB uses the simple binary comparison used in prior versions for string comparisons.
Arrays
With arrays, a less-than comparison or an ascending sort compares the smallest element of arrays, and a greater-than comparison or a descending sort compares the largest element of the arrays. As such, when comparing a field whose value is a single-element array (e.g.[1]) with non-array fields (e.g.2), the comparison is between1and2. A comparison of an empty array (e.g.[]) treats the empty array as less thannullor a missing field.
Dates and Timestamps
Changed in version 3.0.0:Date objects sort before Timestamp objects. Previously Date and Timestamp objects sorted together.
Non-existent Fields
The comparison treats a non-existent field as it would an empty BSON Object. As such, a sort on theafield in documents{}and{a:null}would treat the documents as equivalent in sort order.
BinData
MongoDB sortsBinDatain the following order:
- First, the length or size of the data.
- Then, by the BSON one-byte subtype.
- Finally, by the data, performing a byte-by-byte comparison.
Copyright © 上海锦木信息技术有限公司 all right reserved，由 MongoDB汉化小组 提供技术支持文件修订时间： 2020-10-11 20:53:05
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