在 Java 开发中常用的日志框架有 Log4j、Log4j2、Apache Common Log、java.util.logging、slf4j 等,这些日志框架对外提供的接口各不相同。本章详细描述 MyBatis 是如何通过适配器的方式集成和复用这些第三方框架的。
日志适配器
MyBatis 的日志模块位于 org.apache.ibatis.logging 包中,该模块中 Log 接口定义了日志模块的功能,然后分别为不同的日志框架定义不同的日志适配器,这些日志适配器都继承 Log 接口,LogFactory 工厂负责创建对应的日志框架适配器。

下面来看 jdk14 日志适配器模式的类图:

在 LogFactory 类加载时会执行其静态代码快,按照顺序加载并实例化对应日志框架的适配器,然后用 logConstructor 字段记录当前使用的第三方日志框架的适配器。
tryImplementation() 方法使用 try cache 捕获了加载日志框架过程中产生的异常信息,且在 cache 中没做任何操作,所以不会有异常信息抛出,正常执行。如果没有引入任何日志框架,会使用 useJdkLogging ,这是 JDK 自带的日志工具。
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public final class LogFactory {/*** Marker to be used by logging implementations that support markers*/public static final String MARKER = "MYBATIS";// 记录当前使用的第三方日志框架的适配器的构造方法private static Constructor<? extends Log> logConstructor;// 尝试加载每种日志框架,调用顺序是:// useSlf4jLogging --> useCommonsLogging --> useLog4J2Logging -->// useLog4JLogging --> useJdkLogging --> useNoLoggingstatic {tryImplementation(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {useSlf4jLogging();}});tryImplementation(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {useCommonsLogging();}});tryImplementation(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {useLog4J2Logging();}});tryImplementation(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {useLog4JLogging();}});tryImplementation(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {useJdkLogging();}});tryImplementation(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {useNoLogging();}});}private LogFactory() {// disable construction}public static Log getLog(Class<?> aClass) {return getLog(aClass.getName());}public static Log getLog(String logger) {try {return logConstructor.newInstance(logger);} catch (Throwable t) {throw new LogException("Error creating logger for logger " + logger + ". Cause: " + t, t);}}public static synchronized void useCustomLogging(Class<? extends Log> clazz) {setImplementation(clazz);}public static synchronized void useSlf4jLogging() {setImplementation(org.apache.ibatis.logging.slf4j.Slf4jImpl.class);}public static synchronized void useCommonsLogging() {setImplementation(org.apache.ibatis.logging.commons.JakartaCommonsLoggingImpl.class);}public static synchronized void useLog4JLogging() {setImplementation(org.apache.ibatis.logging.log4j.Log4jImpl.class);}public static synchronized void useLog4J2Logging() {setImplementation(org.apache.ibatis.logging.log4j2.Log4j2Impl.class);}public static synchronized void useJdkLogging() {setImplementation(org.apache.ibatis.logging.jdk14.Jdk14LoggingImpl.class);}public static synchronized void useStdOutLogging() {setImplementation(org.apache.ibatis.logging.stdout.StdOutImpl.class);}public static synchronized void useNoLogging() {setImplementation(org.apache.ibatis.logging.nologging.NoLoggingImpl.class);}// 尝试加载日志框架private static void tryImplementation(Runnable runnable) {if (logConstructor == null) {try {runnable.run();} catch (Throwable t) {// 加载异常被忽略了// ignore}}}private static void setImplementation(Class<? extends Log> implClass) {try {//获取指定适配器的构造方法Constructor<? extends Log> candidate = implClass.getConstructor(String.class);// 实例化适配器Log log = candidate.newInstance(LogFactory.class.getName());// 输出日志if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {log.debug("Logging initialized using '" + implClass + "' adapter.");}// 初始化logConstructor字段logConstructor = candidate;} catch (Throwable t) {throw new LogException("Error setting Log implementation. Cause: " + t, t);}}}
引入 SLF4J 日志框架
SLF4J 只是日志框架统一的接口定义(参考:http://www.slf4j.org/manual.html),还需要引入实现,pom.xml 文件增加如下内容:
<dependency><groupId>org.slf4j</groupId><artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId><version>1.7.28</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.slf4j</groupId><artifactId>slf4j-simple</artifactId><version>1.7.28</version><scope>test</scope></dependency>
在 LogFactory 类加载的时候,其静态代码块会将 logConstructor 初始化为 SLF4J 适配器的构造函数。
通过 simplelogger.properties 属性文件配置日志级别为 debug,属性文件的命名是固定的,参考 org.slf4j.impl.SimpleLoggerConfiguration 类:

执行一个简单的查询操作,会输出如下日志信息:
[main] DEBUG org.apache.ibatis.logging.LogFactory - Logging initialized using 'class org.apache.ibatis.logging.slf4j.Slf4jImpl' adapter.[main] DEBUG org.apache.ibatis.datasource.pooled.PooledDataSource - PooledDataSource forcefully closed/removed all connections.[main] DEBUG org.apache.ibatis.datasource.pooled.PooledDataSource - PooledDataSource forcefully closed/removed all connections.[main] DEBUG org.apache.ibatis.datasource.pooled.PooledDataSource - PooledDataSource forcefully closed/removed all connections.[main] DEBUG org.apache.ibatis.datasource.pooled.PooledDataSource - PooledDataSource forcefully closed/removed all connections.[main] DEBUG org.apache.ibatis.transaction.jdbc.JdbcTransaction - Opening JDBC Connection[main] DEBUG org.apache.ibatis.datasource.pooled.PooledDataSource - Created connection 1426329391.[main] DEBUG com.yjw.mybatis.dao.StudentMapper.selectByPrimaryKey - ==> Preparing: select id, name, sex, selfcard_no, note from t_student where id = ?[main] DEBUG com.yjw.mybatis.dao.StudentMapper.selectByPrimaryKey - ==> Parameters: 1(Long)[main] DEBUG com.yjw.mybatis.dao.StudentMapper.selectByPrimaryKey - <== Total: 1
Slf4jImpl 类实现了 org.apache.ibatis.logging.Log 接口,并封装了 SLF4J 的日志接口,Log 接口的功能全部通过调用 SLF4J 的日志接口实现。
Slf4jImpl 构造函数中实现了 SLF4J 的版本区分,根据不同的版本使用不同的接口实现日志功能,源码如下:
public class Slf4jImpl implements Log {private Log log;public Slf4jImpl(String clazz) {Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(clazz);if (logger instanceof LocationAwareLogger) {try {// check for slf4j >= 1.6 method signaturelogger.getClass().getMethod("log", Marker.class, String.class, int.class, String.class, Object[].class, Throwable.class);log = new Slf4jLocationAwareLoggerImpl((LocationAwareLogger) logger);return;} catch (SecurityException e) {// fail-back to Slf4jLoggerImpl} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {// fail-back to Slf4jLoggerImpl}}// Logger is not LocationAwareLogger or slf4j version < 1.6log = new Slf4jLoggerImpl(logger);}@Overridepublic boolean isDebugEnabled() {return log.isDebugEnabled();}@Overridepublic boolean isTraceEnabled() {return log.isTraceEnabled();}@Overridepublic void error(String s, Throwable e) {log.error(s, e);}@Overridepublic void error(String s) {log.error(s);}@Overridepublic void debug(String s) {log.debug(s);}@Overridepublic void trace(String s) {log.trace(s);}@Overridepublic void warn(String s) {log.warn(s);}}
作者:殷建卫 链接:https://www.yuque.com/yinjianwei/vyrvkf/vb9ehl 来源:殷建卫 - 架构笔记 著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权,非商业转载请注明出处。
