资料： https://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/help/anaconda/
参考： https://www.jianshu.com/p/edaa744ea47d

Windows 版本

conda 简介

Conda 是一个开源的软件包管理系统和环境管理系统，用于安装多个版本的软件包及其依赖关系，并在它们之间轻松切换。 Conda 是为 Python 程序创建的，适用于 Linux，OS X 和Windows，也可以打包和分发其他软件。

Anaconda　与 miniconda，前者包括较多的人工智能、数据分析、深度学习的包，都有 conda，用于包管理，环境管理。

本次使用的是 miniconda

下载地址： https://docs.conda.io/en/latest/miniconda.html

根据提示安装即可

配置镜像

都说清华镜像好，那就清华的吧
conda config —add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/
conda config —add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main/
conda config —add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/
conda config —add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/bioconda/

  1. # 查看版本
  2. PS D:\devTools\Python\virtual_env> conda --version
  3. conda 4.11.0
  4. PS D:\devTools\Python\virtual_env>
  5. PS D:\devTools\Python\virtual_env>
  6. # 添加清华镜像
  7. PS D:\devTools\Python\virtual_env> conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/
  8. PS D:\devTools\Python\virtual_env> conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main/
  9. PS D:\devTools\Python\virtual_env> conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/
  10. PS D:\devTools\Python\virtual_env> conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/bioconda/
  11. PS D:\devTools\Python\virtual_env>

查看镜像

conda config —set show_channel_urls yes
conda config —get channels

  1. PS D:\devTools\Python\virtual_env>  conda config --set show_channel_urls yes
  2. PS D:\devTools\Python\virtual_env>
  3. PS D:\devTools\Python\virtual_env> conda config --get channels
  4. --add channels 'defaults'   # lowest priority
  5. --add channels 'https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/'
  6. --add channels 'https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main/'
  7. --add channels 'https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/'
  8. --add channels 'https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/bioconda/'   # highest priority
  9. PS D:\devTools\Python\virtual_env>
  10. PS D:\devTools\Python\virtual_env>

conda 的 help

conda —help

  1. PS D:\devTools\Python\virtual_env> conda --help
  2. usage: conda-script.py [-h] [-V] command ...
  4. conda is a tool for managing and deploying applications, environments and packages.
  6. Options:
  8. positional arguments:
  9.   command
  10.     clean        Remove unused packages and caches.
  11.     compare      Compare packages between conda environments.
  12.     config       Modify configuration values in .condarc. This is modeled after the git config command. Writes to the user .condarc file
  13.                  (C:\Users\DELL\.condarc) by default.
  14.     create       Create a new conda environment from a list of specified packages.
  15.     help         Displays a list of available conda commands and their help strings.
  16.     info         Display information about current conda install.
  17.     init         Initialize conda for shell interaction. [Experimental]
  18.     install      Installs a list of packages into a specified conda environment.
  19.     list         List linked packages in a conda environment.
  20.     package      Low-level conda package utility. (EXPERIMENTAL)
  21.     remove       Remove a list of packages from a specified conda environment.
  22.     uninstall    Alias for conda remove.
  23.     run          Run an executable in a conda environment. [Experimental]
  24.     search       Search for packages and display associated information. The input is a MatchSpec, a query language for conda packages. See
  25.                  examples below.
  26.     update       Updates conda packages to the latest compatible version.
  27.     upgrade      Alias for conda update.
  29. optional arguments:
  30.   -h, --help     Show this help message and exit.
  31.   -V, --version  Show the conda version number and exit.
  33. conda commands available from other packages:
  34.   content-trust
  35.   env
  36. PS D:\devTools\Python\virtual_env>

环境管理

conda env list 查看安装的环境

conda env list

  1. PS D:\devTools\Python\virtual_env> conda env list
  2. # conda environments:
  3. #
  4. base                  *  D:\devTools\Python\Miniconda3
  6. PS D:\devTools\Python\virtual_env>
  1. 新环境只有一个 base 的 env，建议不要删除。

conda create -n env_name python=python_version 创建env

conda create -n python36 python=3.6 会默认安装 python3.6 当期最新版本

  1. PS D:\devTools\Python\virtual_env> conda create -n python36 python=3.6
  2. Collecting package metadata (current_repodata.json): done
  3. Solving environment: done
  5. ## Package Plan ##
  7.   environment location: D:\devTools\Python\Miniconda3\envs\python36
  9.   added / updated specs:
  10.     - python=3.6
  13. The following packages will be downloaded:
  15.     package                    |            build
  16.     ---------------------------|-----------------
  17.     certifi-2020.6.20          |     pyhd3eb1b0_3         155 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
  18.     pip-20.0.2                 |           py36_1         1.9 MB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  19.     python-3.6.15              |h39d44d4_0_cpython        18.9 MB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  20.     python_abi-3.6             |          2_cp36m           4 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  21.     setuptools-49.6.0          |   py36ha15d459_3         921 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  22.     ucrt-10.0.20348.0          |       h57928b3_0         1.2 MB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  23.     vc-14.2                    |       hb210afc_6          13 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  24.     vs2015_runtime-14.29.30037 |       h902a5da_6         1.3 MB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  25.     wheel-0.37.1               |     pyhd8ed1ab_0          31 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  26.     wincertstore-0.2           |py36ha15d459_1006          15 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  27.     ------------------------------------------------------------
  28.                                            Total:        24.4 MB
  30. The following NEW packages will be INSTALLED:
  31. done
  32. #
  33. # To activate this environment, use
  34. #
  35. #     $ conda activate python36
  36. #
  37. # To deactivate an active environment, use
  38. #
  39. #     $ conda deactivate
  41. PS D:\devTools\Python\virtual_env>

当然，安装python环境的时候可以同时指定需要的包，比如 Django、flask、Djangorestframework 等，比如：
conda create -n python27 python=2.7 django djangorestframework 

  1. PS D:\devTools\Python\virtual_env> conda create -n python27 python=2.7 django djangorestframework
  2. Collecting package metadata (current_repodata.json): done
  3. Solving environment: done
  5. ## Package Plan ##
  7.   environment location: D:\devTools\Python\Miniconda3\envs\python27
  9.   added / updated specs:
  10.     - django
  11.     - djangorestframework
  12.     - python=2.7
  15. The following packages will be downloaded:
  17.     package                    |            build
  18.     ---------------------------|-----------------
  19.     django-1.11.25             |   py27h85ba907_0         4.3 MB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  20.     djangorestframework-3.6.3  |           py27_0         964 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  21.     pip-20.0.2                 |           py27_1         1.9 MB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  22.     python-2.7.15              |h2880e7c_1011_cpython        20.3 MB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  23.     python_abi-2.7             |          1_cp27m           4 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  24.     pytz-2019.3                |             py_0         237 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  25.     setuptools-36.4.0          |           py27_1         525 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free
  26.     vc-9                       |       h2eaa2aa_6           5 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
  27.     vs2008_runtime-9.0.30729.6161|                0         1.0 MB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  28.     wincertstore-0.2           |        py27_1003          13 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  29.     ------------------------------------------------------------
  30.                                            Total:        29.3 MB
  32. The following NEW packages will be INSTALLED:
  34.   certifi            anaconda/pkgs/main/noarch::certifi-2020.6.20-pyhd3eb1b0_3
  35. done
  36. #
  37. # To activate this environment, use
  38. #
  39. #     $ conda activate python27
  40. #
  41. # To deactivate an active environment, use
  42. #
  43. #     $ conda deactivate
  45. PS D:\devTools\Python\virtual_env>

后面的包没有指定版本，会根据python版本选择的。

conda activate env_name 激活环境

conda activate python27

  1. C:\Users\DELL>echo %OS%
  2. Windows_NT
  4. C:\Users\DELL>conda env list
  5. # conda environments:
  6. #
  7. base                  *  D:\devTools\Python\Miniconda3
  8. python27                 D:\devTools\Python\Miniconda3\envs\python27
  9. python36                 D:\devTools\Python\Miniconda3\envs\python36
  12. C:\Users\DELL>conda activate python27
  14. (python27) C:\Users\DELL>

注意： 我的 Windows power shell 无法执行成功，要换 cmd 执行；
激活之后，前面会显示env名称，此次激活的就是 Python27，显示在了前面。
现在就可以像原来安装的对应版本进行使用 python 了。

简单使用（像本地的python一样，pip管理包）

  1. (python27) C:\Users\DELL>python -V
  2. Python 2.7.15
  4. (python27) C:\Users\DELL>pip --version
  5. pip 20.0.2 from D:\devTools\Python\Miniconda3\envs\python27\lib\site-packages\pip (python 2.7)
  7. (python27) C:\Users\DELL>
  8. (python27) C:\Users\DELL>pip list
  9. DEPRECATION: Python 2.7 reached the end of its life on January 1st, 2020. Please upgrade your Python as Python 2.7 is no longer maintained. A future version of pip will drop support for Python 2.7. More details about Python 2 support in pip, can be found at https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/development/release-process/#python-2-support
  10. Package             Version
  11. ------------------- ---------
  12. certifi             2020.6.20
  13. Django              1.11.25
  14. djangorestframework 3.6.3
  15. pip                 20.0.2
  16. pytz                2019.3
  17. setuptools          36.4.0
  18. wheel               0.37.1
  19. wincertstore        0.2
  21. (python27) C:\Users\DELL>

使用 conda 进行包管理

  1. (python27) C:\Users\DELL>conda list # 查看已安装的包
  2. # packages in environment at D:\devTools\Python\Miniconda3\envs\python27:
  3. #
  4. # Name                    Version                   Build  Channel
  5. certifi                   2020.6.20          pyhd3eb1b0_3    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
  6. django                    1.11.25          py27h85ba907_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  7. djangorestframework       3.6.3                    py27_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  8. pip                       20.0.2                   py27_1    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  9. python                    2.7.15          h2880e7c_1011_cpython    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  10. python_abi                2.7                     1_cp27m    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  11. pytz                      2019.3                     py_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  12. setuptools                36.4.0                   py27_1    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free
  13. vc                        9                    h2eaa2aa_6    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
  14. vs2008_runtime            9.0.30729.6161                0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  15. wheel                     0.37.1             pyhd8ed1ab_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  16. wincertstore              0.2                   py27_1003    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  18. (python27) C:\Users\DELL>
  19. (python27) C:\Users\DELL>conda install drf_yasg # 安装 drf_yasg
  20. Collecting package metadata (current_repodata.json): done
  21. Solving environment: failed with initial frozen solve. Retrying with flexible solve.
  22. Collecting package metadata (repodata.json): done
  23. Solving environment: failed with initial frozen solve. Retrying with flexible solve.
  25. PackagesNotFoundError: The following packages are not available from current channels:
  27.   - drf_yasg
  29. Current channels:
  31.   - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/bioconda/win-64
  32.   - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/bioconda/noarch
  33.   - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/win-64
  34.   - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/noarch
  35.   - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main/win-64
  36.   - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main/noarch
  37.   - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/win-64
  38.   - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/noarch
  39.   - https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/win-64
  40.   - https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/noarch
  41.   - https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/win-64
  42.   - https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/noarch
  43.   - https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/msys2/win-64
  44.   - https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/msys2/noarch
  46. To search for alternate channels that may provide the conda package you're
  47. looking for, navigate to
  49.     https://anaconda.org
  51. and use the search bar at the top of the page.
  55. (python27) C:\Users\DELL>
  57. C:\Users\DELL>conda search drf_yasg
  58. Loading channels: done
  59. No match found for: drf_yasg. Search: *drf_yasg*
  61. PackagesNotFoundError: The following packages are not available from current channels:
  63.   - drf_yasg
  65. Current channels:
  67.   - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/bioconda/win-64
  68.   - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/bioconda/noarch
  69.   - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/win-64
  70.   - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/noarch
  71.   - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main/win-64
  72.   - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main/noarch
  73.   - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/win-64
  74.   - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/noarch
  75.   - https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/win-64
  76.   - https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/noarch
  77.   - https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/win-64
  78.   - https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/noarch
  79.   - https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/msys2/win-64
  80.   - https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/msys2/noarch
  82. To search for alternate channels that may provide the conda package you're
  83. looking for, navigate to
  85.     https://anaconda.org
  87. and use the search bar at the top of the page.
  91. C:\Users\DELL>conda search drf-yasg
  92. Loading channels: done
  93. # Name                       Version           Build  Channel
  94. drf-yasg                      1.17.1            py_0  anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  95. drf-yasg                      1.20.0            py_0  anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  97. C:\Users\DELL>conda activate python27
  99. (python27) C:\Users\DELL>conda install drf-yasg
  100. Collecting package metadata (current_repodata.json): done
  101. Solving environment: failed with initial frozen solve. Retrying with flexible solve.
  102. Solving environment: failed with repodata from current_repodata.json, will retry with next repodata source.
  103. Collecting package metadata (repodata.json): done
  104. Solving environment: done
  106. ## Package Plan ##
  108.   environment location: D:\devTools\Python\Miniconda3\envs\python27
  110.   added / updated specs:
  111.     - drf-yasg
  114. The following packages will be downloaded:
  116.     package                    |            build
  117.     ---------------------------|-----------------
  118.     certifi-2019.11.28         |   py27h8c360ce_1         149 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  119.     coreapi-2.3.3              |     pyh9f0ad1d_0          23 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  120.     coreschema-0.0.4           |     pyh9f0ad1d_0          15 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  121.     djangorestframework-3.9.4  |             py_0         756 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  122.     drf-yasg-1.20.0            |             py_0         1.3 MB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  123.     inflection-0.5.1           |     pyh9f0ad1d_0           9 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  124.     itypes-1.2.0               |     pyh9f0ad1d_0           7 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  125.     jinja2-2.11.3              |     pyh44b312d_0          93 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  126.     markupsafe-1.1.1           |   py27h462b5f4_1          26 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  127.     packaging-20.9             |     pyh44b312d_0          35 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  128.     pyparsing-2.4.7            |     pyh9f0ad1d_0          60 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  129.     requests-2.13.0            |           py27_0         780 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  130.     ruamel-1.0                 |   py27h8c360ce_2           4 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  131.     ruamel.ordereddict-0.4.14  |   py27h0c8e037_0          35 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  132.     ruamel.yaml-0.16.6         |   py27h462b5f4_1         165 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  133.     ruamel.yaml.clib-0.2.0     |   py27h462b5f4_1         115 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  134.     simplejson-3.17.0          |   py27h462b5f4_1         100 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  135.     six-1.16.0                 |     pyh6c4a22f_0          14 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  136.     uritemplate-3.0.1          |             py_0          16 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  137.     ------------------------------------------------------------
  138.                                            Total:         3.6 MB
  140. The following NEW packages will be INSTALLED:
  142.   coreapi            anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/noarch::coreapi-2.3.3-pyh9f0ad1d_0
  143.   coreschema         anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/noarch::coreschema-0.0.4-pyh9f0ad1d_0
  144.   drf-yasg           anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/noarch::drf-yasg-1.20.0-py_0
  145.   inflection         anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/noarch::inflection-0.5.1-pyh9f0ad1d_0
  146.   itypes             anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/noarch::itypes-1.2.0-pyh9f0ad1d_0
  147.   jinja2             anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/noarch::jinja2-2.11.3-pyh44b312d_0
  148.   markupsafe         anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/win-64::markupsafe-1.1.1-py27h462b5f4_1
  149.   packaging          anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/noarch::packaging-20.9-pyh44b312d_0
  150.   pyparsing          anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/noarch::pyparsing-2.4.7-pyh9f0ad1d_0
  151.   requests           anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/win-64::requests-2.13.0-py27_0
  152.   ruamel             anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/win-64::ruamel-1.0-py27h8c360ce_2
  153.   ruamel.ordereddict anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/win-64::ruamel.ordereddict-0.4.14-py27h0c8e037_0
  154.   ruamel.yaml        anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/win-64::ruamel.yaml-0.16.6-py27h462b5f4_1
  155.   ruamel.yaml.clib   anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/win-64::ruamel.yaml.clib-0.2.0-py27h462b5f4_1
  156.   simplejson         anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/win-64::simplejson-3.17.0-py27h462b5f4_1
  157.   six                anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/noarch::six-1.16.0-pyh6c4a22f_0
  158.   uritemplate        anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/noarch::uritemplate-3.0.1-py_0
  160. The following packages will be UPDATED:
  162.   djangorestframewo~ anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/win-64::dj~ --> anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/noarch::djangorestframework-3.9.4-py_0
  164. The following packages will be SUPERSEDED by a higher-priority channel:
  165. done
  167. (python27) C:\Users\DELL>

conda deaactivate 退出环境

conda deactivate

  1. (python27) C:\Users\DELL>conda deactivate
  3. C:\Users\DELL>

退出后，前面的env名称消失

其它命令

参考： https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/44398592 

  1. # 安装package
  2. conda install -n py35 numpy
  3. # 如果不用-n指定环境名称，则被安装在当前活跃环境
  4. # 也可以通过-c指定通过某个channel安装
  1. C:\Users\DELL>conda list --help
  2. usage: conda-script.py list [-h] [-n ENVIRONMENT | -p PATH] [--json] [-v] [-q] [--show-channel-urls] [-c] [-f] [--explicit] [--md5] [-e] [-r]
  3.                             [--no-pip]
  4.                             [regex]
  6. List linked packages in a conda environment.
  8. Options:
  10. positional arguments:
  11.   regex                 List only packages matching this regular expression.
  13. optional arguments:
  14.   -h, --help            Show this help message and exit.
  15.   --show-channel-urls   Show channel urls. Overrides the value given by `conda config --show show_channel_urls`.
  16.   -c, --canonical       Output canonical names of packages only. Implies --no-pip.
  17.   -f, --full-name       Only search for full names, i.e., ^<regex>$.
  18.   --explicit            List explicitly all installed conda packaged with URL (output may be used by conda create --file).
  19.   --md5                 Add MD5 hashsum when using --explicit
  20.   -e, --export          Output requirement string only (output may be used by conda create --file).
  21.   -r, --revisions       List the revision history and exit.
  22.   --no-pip              Do not include pip-only installed packages.
  24. Target Environment Specification:
  25.   -n ENVIRONMENT, --name ENVIRONMENT
  26.                         Name of environment.
  27.   -p PATH, --prefix PATH
  28.                         Full path to environment location (i.e. prefix).
  30. Output, Prompt, and Flow Control Options:
  31.   --json                Report all output as json. Suitable for using conda programmatically.
  32.   -v, --verbose         Use once for info, twice for debug, three times for trace.
  33.   -q, --quiet           Do not display progress bar.
  35. Examples:
  37. List all packages in the current environment::
  39.     conda list
  41. List all packages installed into the environment 'myenv'::
  43.     conda list -n myenv
  45. Save packages for future use::
  47.     conda list --export > package-list.txt
  49. Reinstall packages from an export file::
  51.     conda create -n myenv --file package-list.txt
  53. C:\Users\DELL>conda list --name python36 # 查看python36环境安装的package
  54. # packages in environment at D:\devTools\Python\Miniconda3\envs\python36:
  55. #
  56. # Name                    Version                   Build  Channel
  57. certifi                   2020.6.20          pyhd3eb1b0_3    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
  58. pip                       20.0.2                   py36_1    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  59. python                    3.6.15          h39d44d4_0_cpython    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  60. python_abi                3.6                     2_cp36m    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  61. setuptools                49.6.0           py36ha15d459_3    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  62. ucrt                      10.0.20348.0         h57928b3_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  63. vc                        14.2                 hb210afc_6    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  64. vs2015_runtime            14.29.30037          h902a5da_6    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  65. wheel                     0.37.1             pyhd8ed1ab_0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  66. wincertstore              0.2             py36ha15d459_1006    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
  68. C:\Users\DELL>

conda 使用不同的bit python

切换 win-32：set CONDA_FORCE_32BIT=1

在 cmd 运行 set CONDA_FORCE_32BIT=1 ，标识当前为 32 位的环境

  1. Microsoft Windows [版本 10.0.18363.1556]
  2. (c) 2019 Microsoft Corporation。保留所有权利。
  5. ## 查看环境，其中 platform 现在是 win-64 
  6. C:\Users\DELL>conda info
  8.      active environment : None
  9.        user config file : C:\Users\DELL\.condarc
  10.  populated config files : C:\Users\DELL\.condarc
  11.           conda version : 4.11.0
  12.     conda-build version : not installed
  13.          python version : 3.9.7.final.0
  14.        virtual packages : __win=0=0
  15.                           __archspec=1=x86_64
  16.        base environment : D:\devTools\Python\Miniconda3  (writable)
  17.       conda av data dir : D:\devTools\Python\Miniconda3\etc\conda
  18.   conda av metadata url : None
  19.            channel URLs : https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/bioconda/win-64
  20.                           https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/bioconda/noarch
  21.                           https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/win-64
  22.                           https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/noarch
  23.                           https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main/win-64
  24.                           https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main/noarch
  25.                           https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/win-64
  26.                           https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/noarch
  27.                           https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/win-64
  28.                           https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/noarch
  29.                           https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/win-64
  30.                           https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/noarch
  31.                           https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/msys2/win-64
  32.                           https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/msys2/noarch
  33.           package cache : D:\devTools\Python\Miniconda3\pkgs
  34.                           C:\Users\DELL\.conda\pkgs
  35.                           C:\Users\DELL\AppData\Local\conda\conda\pkgs
  36.        envs directories : D:\devTools\Python\Miniconda3\envs
  37.                           C:\Users\DELL\.conda\envs
  38.                           C:\Users\DELL\AppData\Local\conda\conda\envs
  39.                platform : win-64
  40.              user-agent : conda/4.11.0 requests/2.27.1 CPython/3.9.7 Windows/10 Windows/10.0.18363
  41.           administrator : False
  42.              netrc file : None
  43.            offline mode : False
  46. ## 设置为32 位
  47. C:\Users\DELL>set CONDA_FORCE_32BIT=1
  49. ## 再次查看，现在 platform 就是 win-32， 就可以正常安装需要的 32 位的 python 了
  50. C:\Users\DELL>conda info
  52.      active environment : None
  53.        user config file : C:\Users\DELL\.condarc
  54.  populated config files : C:\Users\DELL\.condarc
  55.           conda version : 4.11.0
  56.     conda-build version : not installed
  57.          python version : 3.9.7.final.0
  58.        virtual packages : __win=0=0
  59.                           __archspec=1=x86
  60.        base environment : D:\devTools\Python\Miniconda3  (writable)
  61.       conda av data dir : D:\devTools\Python\Miniconda3\etc\conda
  62.   conda av metadata url : None
  63.            channel URLs : https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/bioconda/win-32
  64.                           https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/bioconda/noarch
  65.                           https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/win-32
  66.                           https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/noarch
  67.                           https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main/win-32
  68.                           https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main/noarch
  69.                           https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/win-32
  70.                           https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/noarch
  71.                           https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/win-32
  72.                           https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/noarch
  73.                           https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/win-32
  74.                           https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/noarch
  75.                           https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/msys2/win-32
  76.                           https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/msys2/noarch
  77.           package cache : D:\devTools\Python\Miniconda3\pkgs32
  78.                           C:\Users\DELL\.conda\pkgs32
  79.                           C:\Users\DELL\AppData\Local\conda\conda\pkgs32
  80.        envs directories : D:\devTools\Python\Miniconda3\envs
  81.                           C:\Users\DELL\.conda\envs
  82.                           C:\Users\DELL\AppData\Local\conda\conda\envs
  83.                platform : win-32
  84.              user-agent : conda/4.11.0 requests/2.27.1 CPython/3.9.7 Windows/10 Windows/10.0.18363
  85.           administrator : False
  86.              netrc file : None
  87.            offline mode : False
  90. C:\Users\DELL>

切换 win-64：set CONDA_FORCE_32BIT=0

  1. C:\Users\DELL>conda info
  3.      active environment : None
  4.        user config file : C:\Users\DELL\.condarc
  5.  populated config files : C:\Users\DELL\.condarc
  6.           conda version : 4.11.0
  7.     conda-build version : not installed
  8.          python version : 3.9.7.final.0
  9.        virtual packages : __win=0=0
  10.                           __archspec=1=x86
  11.        base environment : D:\devTools\Python\Miniconda3  (writable)
  12.       conda av data dir : D:\devTools\Python\Miniconda3\etc\conda
  13.   conda av metadata url : None
  14.            channel URLs : https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/bioconda/win-32
  15.                           https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/bioconda/noarch
  16.                           https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/win-32
  17.                           https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/noarch
  18.                           https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main/win-32
  19.                           https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main/noarch
  20.                           https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/win-32
  21.                           https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/noarch
  22.                           https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/win-32
  23.                           https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/noarch
  24.                           https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/win-32
  25.                           https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/noarch
  26.                           https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/msys2/win-32
  27.                           https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/msys2/noarch
  28.           package cache : D:\devTools\Python\Miniconda3\pkgs32
  29.                           C:\Users\DELL\.conda\pkgs32
  30.                           C:\Users\DELL\AppData\Local\conda\conda\pkgs32
  31.        envs directories : D:\devTools\Python\Miniconda3\envs
  32.                           C:\Users\DELL\.conda\envs
  33.                           C:\Users\DELL\AppData\Local\conda\conda\envs
  34.                platform : win-32
  35.              user-agent : conda/4.11.0 requests/2.27.1 CPython/3.9.7 Windows/10 Windows/10.0.18363
  36.           administrator : False
  37.              netrc file : None
  38.            offline mode : False
  40. ## 切换回到 win-64
  41. C:\Users\DELL>set CONDA_FORCE_32BIT=0
  43. C:\Users\DELL>
  44. C:\Users\DELL>
  45. C:\Users\DELL>conda info
  47.      active environment : None
  48.        user config file : C:\Users\DELL\.condarc
  49.  populated config files : C:\Users\DELL\.condarc
  50.           conda version : 4.11.0
  51.     conda-build version : not installed
  52.          python version : 3.9.7.final.0
  53.        virtual packages : __win=0=0
  54.                           __archspec=1=x86_64
  55.        base environment : D:\devTools\Python\Miniconda3  (writable)
  56.       conda av data dir : D:\devTools\Python\Miniconda3\etc\conda
  57.   conda av metadata url : None
  58.            channel URLs : https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/bioconda/win-64
  59.                           https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/bioconda/noarch
  60.                           https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/win-64
  61.                           https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/noarch
  62.                           https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main/win-64
  63.                           https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main/noarch
  64.                           https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/win-64
  65.                           https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/noarch
  66.                           https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/win-64
  67.                           https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main/noarch
  68.                           https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/win-64
  69.                           https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/r/noarch
  70.                           https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/msys2/win-64
  71.                           https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/msys2/noarch
  72.           package cache : D:\devTools\Python\Miniconda3\pkgs
  73.                           C:\Users\DELL\.conda\pkgs
  74.                           C:\Users\DELL\AppData\Local\conda\conda\pkgs
  75.        envs directories : D:\devTools\Python\Miniconda3\envs
  76.                           C:\Users\DELL\.conda\envs
  77.                           C:\Users\DELL\AppData\Local\conda\conda\envs
  78.                platform : win-64
  79.              user-agent : conda/4.11.0 requests/2.27.1 CPython/3.9.7 Windows/10 Windows/10.0.18363
  80.           administrator : False
  81.              netrc file : None
  82.            offline mode : False
  85. C:\Users\DELL>