目标

安装二进制免编译MySQL，并设置环境变量、密码

准备

版本 IP 配置 主机名
centos7.2-1511 192.168.200.40 2G-2vcpu-40G硬盘 server 
  1. [root@server src]# ls
  2. mysql-5.6.47-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz  php-5.6.30
  3. nginx-1.17.8                                php-5.6.30.tar.gz
  4. nginx-1.17.8.tar.gz
  5. [root@server src]# ll -h mysql-5.6.47-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz 
  6. -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 385M 7月  15 23:45 mysql-5.6.47-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
  7. [root@server src]# pwd
  8. /usr/local/src

过程

  1. # 修改主机名
  2. [root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname server
  3. [root@localhost ~]# su
  5. # 准备安装包
  6. [root@server ~]# ll -h mysql-5.6.47-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 385M Sep 11 22:34 mysql-5.6.47-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
  8. # 解压
  9. [root@server ~]# tar -zxf mysql-5.6.47-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz 
  11. # 移动到指定目录
  12. [root@server ~]# mv mysql-5.6.47-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
  14. # 创建MySQL启动用户，不可登录
  15. [root@server ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql
  17. # 创建存放数据目录
  18. [root@server ~]# mkdir -p /data/mysql
  20. # 更改所属组，所属用户权限
  21. [root@server ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/
  22. [root@server ~]# ls -la /data/mysql/
  23. total 0
  24. drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql  6 Sep 11 22:37 .
  25. drwxr-xr-x 3 root  root  18 Sep 11 22:37 ..
  26. [root@server ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
  28. # 安装依赖
  29. [root@server ~]# yum install -y perl-Module-Install
  30. [root@server mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/
  31. [root@server mysql]# echo $?
  32. 0
  33. [root@lnmp mysql]# cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
  34. cp: overwrite ‘/etc/my.cnf’? y
  35. [root@lnmp mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf
  36. basedir = /usr/local/mysql
  37. datadir = /data/mysql
  38. port = 3306
  39. server_id = 29
  40. socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
  42. # 配置启动脚本
  43. [root@lnmp mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
  44. [root@lnmp mysql]# chmod 777 /etc/init.d/mysqld 
  45. [root@lnmp mysql]# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld
  46. basedir=/usr/local/mysql
  47. datadir=/data/mysql
  48. [root@lnmp mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld
  49. [root@lnmp mysql]# chkconfig mysql on
  50. [root@lnmp mysql]# service mysqld start 
  51. Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 
  53. [root@lnmp mysql]# netstat -ntlp
  54. Active Internet connections (only servers)
  55. Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    
  56. tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1462/sshd           
  57. tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2605/master         
  58. tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      7891/mysqld         
  59. tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      1462/sshd           
  60. tcp6       0      0 ::1:25                  :::*                    LISTEN      2605/master         
  62. # 配置环境变量
  63. [root@server mysql]# vim /etc/profile
  65. # 最后一行添加
  66. export PATH=$PATH:/usr/lcoal/mysql/bin
  67. [root@server mysql]# source /etc/profile
  68. [root@server mysql]# mysqladmin -uroot password '000000'
  69. Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
  70. [root@server mysql]# mysql -uroot -p000000
  71. Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
  72. Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
  73. Your MySQL connection id is 2
  74. Server version: 5.6.47 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
  76. Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  78. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
  79. affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
  80. owners.
  82. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
  84. mysql> Ctrl-C -- exit!
  85. Aborted
  86. [root@server mysql]# 
  87. 到这里二进制免编译MySQL安装配置完成。