Linux安装JDK、Redis、Zookeeper

安装JDK

1. 在Linux操作系统目录下创建soft目录

[root@VM-24-10-centos /]# mkdir soft

2. 删除系统默认的JDK(如果有的话)

• 查找已经安装的JDK

  yum list installed | grep jdk

• 删除安装的JDK

  yum remove JDK的名称

  3. 把下载好的JDK通过命令或文件上传工具上传到Linux系统的soft目录下,这里使用的Cyberduck工具

  

  4. 解压上传的jdk-8u161-linux-x64.tar.gz文件

  tar -zxvf jdk-8u161-linux-x64.tar.gz

  5. 将解压的JDK拷贝到/usr/local目录下，并重新命名为jdk1.8

  mv /soft/jdk1.8.0_161 /usr/local/jdk1.8

  6. 配置环境变量JAVA_HOME

  vim /etc/profile

  配置内容如下：

  JAVE_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8
  PATH=$JAVE_HOME/bin:$PATH
  export JAVE_HOME PATH

  重新加载文件，使刚刚配置的内容生效

  source /etc/profile

  

  7. 验证是否生效

  java -version

  

安装zookeeper

安装

下载地址https://zookeeper.apache.org/releases.html

下载最新稳定版3.6.3二进制版就可以了
将下载后的apache-zookeeper-3.6.3-bin.tar.gz上传到Linux服务器上，这里使用Cyberduck工具上传

解压

 tar -zxvf apache-zookeeper-3.6.3-bin.tar.gz

移动到/usr/local/目录下

mv apache-zookeeper-3.6.3-bin /usr/local/

cd到如下目录

cd /usr/local/apache-zookeeper-3.6.3-bin/bin

启动Server

./zkServer.sh

报如下错误

[root@VM-24-10-centos bin]# ./zkServer
-bash: ./zkServer: 没有那个文件或目录
[root@VM-24-10-centos bin]# ./zkServer.sh
/usr/local/jdk1.8/bin/java
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/local/apache-zookeeper-3.6.3-bin/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
grep: /usr/local/apache-zookeeper-3.6.3-bin/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg: 没有那个文件或目录
grep: /usr/local/apache-zookeeper-3.6.3-bin/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg: 没有那个文件或目录
mkdir: 无法创建目录"": 没有那个文件或目录
Usage: ./zkServer.sh [--config <conf-dir>] {start|start-foreground|stop|version|restart|status|print-cmd}

需要一个zoo.cfg配置文件

cd /usr/local/apache-zookeeper-3.6.3-bin/conf

cp zoo_sample.cfg zoo.cfg

并在zoo.cfg文件中添加如下内容并修改dataDir数据存放的目录,为方便起见在一台服务器上部署3个zookeeper，需要提前配置好集群中都有哪些服务。

server.1=120.53.119.107:2887:3887
server.2=120.53.119.107:2888:3888
server.3=120.53.119.107:2889:3889

service.N =YYY： A：B
N：代表服务器编号（也就是myid里面的值），用于快速的选出leader，其实想在200ms中快速选出leader，大家都互相谦让，拿出这个编号，让最大的做leader(可以先这么理解)
YYY：服务器地址
A：表示 Flower 跟 Leader的通信端口，简称服务端内部通信的端口（默认2888）
B：表示选举端口,如果leader挂掉或者刚开始启动选举leader的时候，使用该端口进行通信选举（默认是3888）

重新命名一台服务

mv apache-zookeeper-3.6.3-bin zookeeper-server-01

这里方便起见数据存放目录，放在了如下位置

/usr/local/zookeeper-server-01/data

zoo.cfg文件有如下内容

# The number of milliseconds of each tick
# 心跳时间2s
tickTime=2000
# The number of ticks that the initial
# synchronization phase can take
# 集群启动时间限制在10 * 2000 = 20s
initLimit=10
# The number of ticks that can pass between
# sending a request and getting an acknowledgement
# 同步数据的时候5 * 2000 = 10s，可以理解leader写完数据同步到其它节点的时间限制
syncLimit=5
# the directory where the snapshot is stored.
# do not use /tmp for storage, /tmp here is just
# example sakes.
# 数据存放的目录
dataDir=/usr/local/zookeeper-server-01/data
# the port at which the clients will connect
clientPort=2181
# the maximum number of client connections.
# increase this if you need to handle more clients
#maxClientCnxns=60
#
# Be sure to read the maintenance section of the
# administrator guide before turning on autopurge.
#
# http://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/current/zookeeperAdmin.html#sc_maintenance
#
# The number of snapshots to retain in dataDir
#autopurge.snapRetainCount=3
# Purge task interval in hours
# Set to "0" to disable auto purge feature
#autopurge.purgeInterval=1
## Metrics Providers
#
# https://prometheus.io Metrics Exporter
#metricsProvider.className=org.apache.zookeeper.metrics.prometheus.PrometheusMetricsProvider
#metricsProvider.httpPort=7000
#metricsProvider.exportJvmInfo=true
#集群中的服务列表，1、2、3代表的是服务的id,需要和myid文件(规定myid文件必须在dataDir目录下)中的内容一致。
#2887:数据同步端口，比如Leader写完数据，通过哪一个端口同步给其它节点。
#3887:选举端口，比如Leader挂了通过哪一个端口选举
server.1=120.53.119.107:2887:3887  
server.2=120.53.119.107:2888:3888
server.3=120.53.119.107:2889:3889

由于规定myid文件必须在dataDir目录下，切换目录到如下位置

/usr/local/apache-zookeeper-3.6.3-bin/data

创建myid文件，内容写1

echo 1 > myid

需要部署3台，我们做如下操作

cp -R zookeeper-server-01/ zookeeper-server-02
cp -R zookeeper-server-01/ zookeeper-server-03

启动

./zkServer.sh start

如果报如下错误，看一下防火墙对应的端口是否没有放开

Client port found: 2181. Client address: localhost. Client SSL: false.
Error contacting service. It is probably not running.

如果报如下问题

2022-02-05 21:34:26,875 [myid:1] - ERROR [ListenerHandler-/120.53.119.107:3887:QuorumCnxManager$Listener$ListenerHandler@1093] - Exception while listening
java.net.BindException: 无法指定被请求的地址 (Bind failed)
    at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.socketBind(Native Method)
    at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.bind(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:387)
    at java.net.ServerSocket.bind(ServerSocket.java:375)
    at java.net.ServerSocket.bind(ServerSocket.java:329)
    at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager$Listener$ListenerHandler.createNewServerSocket(QuorumCnxManager.java:1135)
    at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager$Listener$ListenerHandler.acceptConnections(QuorumCnxManager.java:1064)
    at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager$Listener$ListenerHandler.run(QuorumCnxManager.java:1033)
    at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:511)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)

改配置文件,添加如下配置

quorumListenOnAllIPs=true

查看zookeeper的运行状态,报如下错误

[root@VM-24-10-centos bin]# ./zkServer.sh status
/usr/local/jdk1.8/bin/java
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper-server-02/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Client port found: 2182. Client address: localhost. Client SSL: false.
Error contacting service. It is probably not running.

查看进程是否在

netstat -ntlp

发现进程都在

tcp6       0      0 :::2181                 :::*                    LISTEN      3668/java
tcp6       0      0 :::2182                 :::*                    LISTEN      3992/java
tcp6       0      0 :::2183                 :::*                    LISTEN      4254/java

查看错误日志/usr/local/zookeeper-server-02/logs/zookeeper-root-server-VM-24-10-centos.out

tail -100f zookeeper-root-server-VM-24-10-centos.out

2022-02-06 09:00:45,505 [myid:2] - WARN  [QuorumConnectionThread-[myid=2]-678:QuorumCnxManager@400] - Cannot open channel to 1 at election address /120.53.119.107:3887
java.net.SocketTimeoutException: connect timed out
    at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.socketConnect(Native Method)
    at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.doConnect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:350)
    at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connectToAddress(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:206)
    at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:188)
    at java.net.SocksSocketImpl.connect(SocksSocketImpl.java:392)
    at java.net.Socket.connect(Socket.java:589)
    at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager.initiateConnection(QuorumCnxManager.java:383)
    at org.apache.zookeeper.server.quorum.QuorumCnxManager$QuorumConnectionReqThread.run(QuorumCnxManager.java:457)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)

查看集群状态

[root@VM-24-10-centos local]# zookeeper-server-01/bin/zkServer.sh status
/usr/local/jdk1.8/bin/java
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper-server-01/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Client port found: 2181. Client address: localhost. Client SSL: false.
Mode: leader
[root@VM-24-10-centos local]# zookeeper-server-02/bin/zkServer.sh status
/usr/local/jdk1.8/bin/java
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper-server-02/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Client port found: 2182. Client address: localhost. Client SSL: false.
Mode: follower
[root@VM-24-10-centos local]# zookeeper-server-03/bin/zkServer.sh status
/usr/local/jdk1.8/bin/java
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper-server-03/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Client port found: 2183. Client address: localhost. Client SSL: false.
Mode: follower

可以通过jps(JDK自带的命令)查看Java的进程

[root@VM-24-10-centos ~]# jps
2292 QuorumPeerMain
1381 QuorumPeerMain
1847 QuorumPeerMain
20687 Jps

安装Redis

Redis英文网址：https://redis.io/

右击复制链接

https://download.redis.io/releases/redis-6.2.6.tar.gz

1. Linux安装wget命令

   yum install wget

2. cd到自己喜欢的目录，这里是/soft。执行如下命令

   cd /soft
   wget https://download.redis.io/releases/redis-6.2.6.tar.gz

3. 解压

   tar -zxvf redis-6.2.6.tar.gz

4. 解压后有个redis-6.2.6目录，cd进去ls一下

   [root@VM-24-10-centos redis-6.2.6]# ls
   00-RELEASENOTES  COPYING   MANIFESTO   runtest-cluster    src
   BUGS             deps      README.md   runtest-moduleapi  tests
   CONDUCT          INSTALL   redis.conf  runtest-sentinel   TLS.md
   CONTRIBUTING     Makefile  runtest     sentinel.conf      utils

   Redis是C写的，任何软件的安装应该先看README.md 文件，里面详细有安装步骤。按照README.md 文件的内容执行。

5. 执行make命令

   make

6. 如果报如下错误，需要安装GCC

报错信息

cc: command not found

安装GCC

yum install gcc

安装完成，再清理一下

 make distclean

再次执行make命令

1. cd src/目录下就能看到很多可执行程序了,执行 ./redis-server就能把Redis跑起来了

   ./redis-server

2. 这样启动还是太麻烦而且在前台启动，我们希望能变成一个服务软件在后台启动，变成一个服务,安装到系统里面。

3. 先安装到一个目录下,比如/usr/local/redis

   [root@VM-24-10-centos redis-6.2.6]# make install PREFIX=/usr/local/redis

4. cd /usr/local/redis目录下，ls一下,会有很多编译好的安装命令，这样不会和源码里面的混合在一起

   redis-benchmark  redis-check-aof  redis-check-rdb  redis-cli  redis-sentinel  redis-server

5. 我们期望使用service redis start启动起来变成一个服务，但现在还不支持。现需要修改/etc/profile配置文件，把上面的/usr/local/redis路径加到PATH环境变量里面。

   export REDISE_HOME=/usr/local/redis
   export PATH=$PATH:$REDISE_HOME/bin

   source /etc/profile
   echo $PATH
   /usr/local/jdk1.8/bin:/usr/local/jdk1.8/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin:/usr/local/redis/bin

   这个时候就可以直接使用/usr/local/redis/bin里面的命令了，比如：redis-server

6. cd到Redis源码目录/soft/redis-6.2.6/utils。ls一下,执行install_server.sh 脚本

   build-static-symbols.tcl  hyperloglog            speed-regression.tcl
   cluster_fail_time.tcl     install_server.sh      srandmember
   corrupt_rdb.c             lru                    systemd-redis_multiple_servers@.service
   create-cluster            redis-copy.rb          systemd-redis_server.service
   generate-command-help.rb  redis_init_script      tracking_collisions.c
   gen-test-certs.sh         redis_init_script.tpl  whatisdoing.sh
   graphs                    redis-sha1.rb
   hashtable                 releasetools

   发现报如下错误. ```java [root@VM-24-10-centos utils]# ./install_server.sh Welcome to the redis service installer This script will help you easily set up a running redis server

This systems seems to use systemd. Please take a look at the provided example service unit files in this directory, and adapt and install them. Sorry!

解决方案：
```java
vi ./install_server.sh

注释如下代码

#bail if this system is managed by systemd
#_pid_1_exe="$(readlink -f /proc/1/exe)"
#if [ "${_pid_1_exe##*/}" = systemd ]
#then
#       echo "This systems seems to use systemd."
#       echo "Please take a look at the provided example service unit files in this directory, and adapt and install them. Sorry!"
#       exit 1
#fi

重新执行./install_server.sh脚本

[root@VM-24-10-centos utils]# ./install_server.sh
Welcome to the redis service installer
This script will help you easily set up a running redis server
This systems seems to use systemd.
Please take a look at the provided example service unit files in this directory, and adapt and install them. Sorry!
Please select the redis port for this instance: [6379]

需要填一个端口号，一个物理机器可以安装多个Redis，靠端口号来区分，使用默认[6379]即可，直接回车。

Please select the redis config file name [/etc/redis/6379.conf]

提示如下信息，需要配置文件的位置和名称，配置文件随着端口号的变化而变化，都会为每个Redis实例按照端口号生成相应的配置文件,直接一路回车使用默认即可

Please select the redis config file name [/etc/redis/6379.conf]
Selected default - /etc/redis/6379.conf
Please select the redis log file name [/var/log/redis_6379.log]
Selected default - /var/log/redis_6379.log
Please select the data directory for this instance [/var/lib/redis/6379]

上面需要选一个数据存放目录，Redis虽然是基于内存的，但内存数据掉电易失数据，所以需要持久化。回车使用默认的

Please select the redis executable path [/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server]

需要填写可执行程序的路径，回车

Please select the redis executable path [/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server]
Selected config:
Port           : 6379
Config file    : /etc/redis/6379.conf
Log file       : /var/log/redis_6379.log
Data dir       : /var/lib/redis/6379
Executable     : /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server
Cli Executable : /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli
Is this ok? Then press ENTER to go on or Ctrl-C to abort.

按回车

Is this ok? Then press ENTER to go on or Ctrl-C to abort.
Copied /tmp/6379.conf => /etc/init.d/redis_6379
Installing service...
Successfully added to chkconfig!
Successfully added to runlevels 345!
Starting Redis server...
Installation successful!

会在/etc/init.d/目录放一个redis_6379脚本,查看一下Redis的状态，redis_6379为脚本的名称

service redis_6379 status

可以通过./install_server.sh在一台机器上安装多个Redis服务。cd到Redis源码安装目录的utils下，/soft/redis-6.2.6/utils

cd /soft/redis-6.2.6/utils
./install_server.sh

提示如下信息

[root@VM-24-10-centos utils]# ./install_server.sh
Welcome to the redis service installer
This script will help you easily set up a running redis server
This systems seems to use systemd.
Please take a look at the provided example service unit files in this directory, and adapt and install them. Sorry!
Please select the redis port for this instance: [6379] 6380

6379已经安装了，给个6380，一路回车即可

Please select the redis port for this instance: [6379] 6380
Please select the redis config file name [/etc/redis/6380.conf]
Selected default - /etc/redis/6380.conf
Please select the redis log file name [/var/log/redis_6380.log]
Selected default - /var/log/redis_6380.log
Please select the data directory for this instance [/var/lib/redis/6380]
Selected default - /var/lib/redis/6380
Please select the redis executable path [/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server]
Selected config:
Port           : 6380
Config file    : /etc/redis/6380.conf
Log file       : /var/log/redis_6380.log
Data dir       : /var/lib/redis/6380
Executable     : /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server
Cli Executable : /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli
Is this ok? Then press ENTER to go on or Ctrl-C to abort.
Copied /tmp/6380.conf => /etc/init.d/redis_6380
Installing service...
Successfully added to chkconfig!
Successfully added to runlevels 345!
Starting Redis server...
Installation successful!

[root@VM-24-10-centos utils]# ps -fe | grep redis
root     25896     1  0 22:56 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server 127.0.0.1:6379
root     27579     1  0 23:08 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server 127.0.0.1:6380
root     27850 25047  0 23:09 pts/3    00:00:00 grep --color=auto redis

可以通过如下命令启动、关闭、查看状态。redis_6379为具体的Redis服务

service redis_6379  start/stop/status