Bump Map 凹凸贴图

Table Of Contents 目录

• Introduction 引言
  • Normal Mapping 法线贴图
• General 将军
  • Enabled 启用
  • Input Map Type 输入地图类型
  • Input 输入
  • Height Scale 高度比例
  • Affected By Object Scale 受物体尺度的影响
• Change Range / Remap 更改范围/重新映射
  • Old Range Min / Max 旧靶场最小/最大靶场
  • New Range Min / Max 新航程最小/最大
  • Unbiased Normals 无偏正常值
  • Flip Normal Y 翻转正态 y

    Introduction 引言

    The Redshift Bump Map node supports both height maps for bump mapping and object space or tangent space normal mapping. Bump / Normal mapping is a texture-based technique used to give the impression of sub-polygon lighting detail, without having to model it.
    红移凹凸贴图节点支持凹凸贴图的高度贴图和物体空间或切线空间法线贴图。Bump/Normal 映射是一种基于纹理的技术，用于给出子多边形光照细节的印象，而无需对其建模。
    The resolution of the these textures are important – you ideally want a one pixel per texel maximum resolution to get the best visual results. Magnifying the texture will blur the results and minifying will lessen the effect with distance.
    这些纹理的分辨率非常重要——理想情况下，每个纹理最大分辨率需要一个像素才能获得最佳的视觉效果。放大纹理会使结果变得模糊，缩小效果会减少距离。

To chain bump maps and normal maps together we supply a Bump Blender shader node which has been optimized to efficiently blend resultant bump-map displacement vectors together.
为了链接凹凸贴图和法线贴图，我们提供了一个凹凸混合着色器节点，该节点已经优化，以有效地混合生成凹凸贴图位移矢量在一起。

No Bump Mapping 没有凹凸贴图	Bump Mapping 凹凸贴图	Normal Mapping 法线贴图

Bump Map 凹凸贴图	Normal Map 法线地图

Bump Mapping 凹凸贴图
Bump maps are controlled by a height map texture which is used to perturb the surface normal. Since only normals are perturbed, not geometry, it does not affect shadows. Bump maps do not contain directional information.
凹凸贴图由高度贴图纹理控制，用于扰乱表面法线。因为只有法线受到扰动，而不是几何体，所以它不会影响阴影。凹凸贴图不包含方向信息。

Normal Mapping 法线贴图

Normal maps are controlled by a ‘normal’ texture which is used to perturb the surface normal. Since only normals are perturbed, not geometry, it does not affect shadows. Normal maps contain directional information.
法线贴图由一个用于扰乱表面法线的“法线”纹理控制。因为只有法线受到扰动，而不是几何体，所以它不会影响阴影。法线贴图包含方向信息。

When using normal maps it is imperative that the gamma setting for your normal maps is set to linear / raw. If set incorrectly, normal mapping will not work properly.
使用法线贴图时，必须将法线贴图的伽马值设置为线性/原始值。如果设置不正确，正常映射将无法正常工作。

General 常规

Enabled 启用

This enables the bump map effect. When this is disabled, the normal that is generated is just the surface normal.
这使凹凸贴图的效果。当这是禁用，正常生成的只是表面法线。

Input Map Type 输入贴图类型

• Height-Field: 高度-场地:This sets the Bump Map node up to use greyscale height based texture maps for bump mapping. 这将凹凸贴图节点设置为使用基于灰度高度的纹理贴图进行凹凸贴图
• Object-Space Normal: 物体-空间常规:This sets the Bump Map node up to use object-space normal maps for normal mapping. 这将设置 Bump Map 节点，以使用对象空间法线贴图进行法线贴图
• Tangent-Space Normal: 切空间法线:This sets the Bump Map node up to use tangent-space normal maps for normal mapping. 这将凹凸贴图节点设置为使用切线空间法线贴图进行法线贴图

  Object-Space vs Tangent-Space Normals 对象-空间法线与切线-空间法线

  Object-Space Normal maps contain normal information specific to the object it should be applied to. In Object-Space the up axis is directly tied to the up axis of the object itself and therefore using an Object-Space Normal map on any object other than the one it is intended for will not look right.
  对象-空间法线贴图包含应用于的对象的法线信息。在 Object-Space，向上的轴直接与物体本身的向上轴相连，因此使用物体空间法线贴图对任何物体而不是它所要找的物体都不会看起来正确。
  Tangent-Space Normal maps contain normal information that can be applied to any object and behave properly. In Tangent-Space the up axis is relative to an objects surface normal and therefore using a Tangent-Space Normal map on any object will behave correctly.
  切空间法线贴图包含可以应用于任何物体的法线信息，并且行为正确。在相切空间中，上轴是相对于物体表面法线的，因此对任何物体使用相切空间法线贴图都是正确的。
  Below is a comparison of an object-space normal map and a tangent-space normal map. First the object-space and tangent-space maps are demonstrated on their intended source geometry, both look perfect. In the second example the same shader is applied to a flat plane which is where you can see how the object-space normal map perturbs the plane’s normals in such a way that it does not look good. Comparatively the tangent-space normal map looks much better since it is relative to the surface normals of the plane.
  下面是物空间法线贴图和切空间法线贴图的比较。首先，对象空间和切线空间地图在其预期的源几何图形上进行了演示，看起来都很完美。在第二个例子中，同样的着色器被应用到一个平面上，在这个平面上，你可以看到物体空间的法线贴图是如何扰乱平面的法线的，以至于它看起来并不好。相比之下，切空间法线贴图看起来要好得多，因为它相对于平面的表面法线。

Map Type: Object-Space Normals 地图类型: 对象-空间法线	Object-Space Normals 对象-空间法线 Close-Up 特写镜头	Tangent-Space Normals 正切空间法线	Tangent-Space Normals 正切空间法线 Close-Up 特写镜头
Map Type: Object-Space Normals 地图类型: 对象-空间法线 Result: Good 结果: 很好	Tangent-Space Normals 正切空间法线 Good 很好	Object-Space Normals 对象-空间法线 Bad 糟糕	Tangent-Space Normals 正切空间法线 Good 很好

Input 输入

Connect a texture sampling shader node here to set the map input.
在这里连接一个纹理采样着色器节点来设置贴图输入。

Height Scale 高度比例

This scales the height value that is read from the texture. A value of 0.0 effectively disables the technique, yielding just the surface normal. Greater values increase the bump effect. Negative values invert the direction of the bumps. The default is 0.010.
这可以缩放从纹理读取的高度值。0.0的数值有效地禁用了这项技术，只让出了正常的表面。更大的值会增加凹凸效应。负值反转颠簸的方向。默认值是0.010。

Because this is a visual trick, very large values will not yield good results, so in those cases you should use displacement mapping instead.
因为这是一个视觉技巧，非常大的值不会产生好的结果，所以在这些情况下，你应该使用位移贴图。

Height Scale: 0.1 身高比例: 0.1	1.0	3.0

Affected By Object Scale 受对象缩放的影响

This option forces the resultant bump vector output to scale along with the objects scale. Disabling this option will essentially remove any scaling bias, yielding more predictable results when blending bump maps and normal maps.
这个选项强制结果凹凸矢量输出随着对象缩放而缩放。禁用此选项将基本上消除任何缩放偏差，在混合凹凸贴图和法线贴图时产生更可预测的结果。

Only applicable for Height-Field Bump Mapping.
只适用于高度场凹凸贴图。

Affected By Object Scale: Disabled 受对象尺度影响: 禁用 Object Scale: 1 对象比例: 1 Height Scale: 0.01 身高比例: 0.01	Disabled 残疾人士 0.2 0.01	Enabled 启用 1 0.01	Enabled 启用 0.2 0.01

Change Range / Remap 更改范围/重新映射

Old Range Min / Max 旧范围最小/最大靶场

The range of values that are read from the displacement/bump texture.
从位移/凹凸纹理读取的值范围。

Only applicable for Height-Field Bump Mapping.
只适用于高度场凹凸贴图。

New Range Min / Max 新范围最小/最大

The new range the values will be mapped to.
值映射到的新范围。

Only applicable for Height-Field Bump Mapping.
只适用于高度场凹凸贴图。

Unbiased Normals 无偏法线

8-bit integer texture maps normally store values between 0.0 and 1.0, but normals have component values between -1.0 and 1.0. When this is the case, the normals will have been pre-biased to fit into the 0.0 to 1.0 range. Check this option only when you know that the texture map is unbiased, meaning the normals were floating point and stored in the -1.0 to 1.0 range.
8位整数纹理映射通常存储值在0.0和1.0之间，但法线的组件值在-1.0和1.0之间。在这种情况下，法线将被预先偏移，以适应0.0到1.0的范围。只有当您知道纹理贴图是无偏差的，也就是说法线是浮点的，并且存储在 -1.0到1.0范围内时，才选中此选项。

Only applicable for Normal Mapping.
只适用于法线贴图。

Flip Normal Y 翻转正态 y

This allows you to flip the Y axis of the normal map. This is useful if the normal map was generated using a flipped uv coordinate system.
这允许您翻转法线贴图的 y 轴。如果法线贴图是使用反转的紫外线坐标系生成的，这是很有用的。

Only applicable for Normal Mapping.
只适用于法线贴图。
In the examples below note that the lighting has not changed but where the specular highlights appear on the sphere has been inversed.
在下面的例子中，注意到照明并没有改变，但是在球体上出现的高光已经被反转。

Flip Normal Y: Disabled 翻转正常 y: 禁用	Enabled 启用