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})();
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Spring容器

Spring容器概述

spring的整体架构如下，其中spring 容器作为spring 的底座，其他功能如web、data 等都是基于spring 容器发展起来，本文针对spring容器进行详细的分析。

Spring 容器

Bean配置信息定义了Bean的实现及依赖关系，Spring容器根据各种形式的Bean配置信息在容器内部建立Bean定义注册表，然后根据注册表加载、实例化Bean，并建立Bean和Bean的依赖关系，最后将这些准备就绪的Bean放到Bean缓存池中，以供外层的应用程序进行调用。Spring容器包括beanFactory 和applicationContext,整个spring容器就是通过beanFactory和applicationContext来完成bean的配置、注册、实例化、初始化、读取等一些列操作。

applicationContext

抽象类AbstractApplicationContext包含了容器的绝大部分功能，spring容器的启动流程就是在这个类的refresh方法中。下面的子类是应对不同的场景，我们在创建一个spring容器的时候通常会这样做。

//编译路径
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
//系统文件路径
FileSystemXmlApplicationContext context = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
//mvc启动方式
XmlWebApplicationContext context = new XmlWebApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");

beanFactory

DefaulistListTableBeanFactory包含了beanFactory的核心能力，容器启动默认创建DefaulistListTableBeanFactory实例。Spring读取bean的配置创建的beanDefinition对象会存放在bean注册表中，根据beanDefinition对象创建的singleton类型的bean实例会存放在bean缓存池中，bean的注册表和bean的缓存池都由DefaulistListTableBeanFactory维护，由此可见DefaulistListTableBeanFactory在spring容器中的地位。

public class DefaultListableBeanFactory extends AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory
        implements ConfigurableListableBeanFactory, BeanDefinitionRegistry, Serializable{}

初始化spring容器

tomcat启动后回调ContextLoaderListener启动spring容器

web容器如tomcat启动时，根据web.xml中的配置，回调监听器ContextLoaderListener ，ContextLoaderListener实现了tomcat的ServletContextListener 接口，通过contextInitialized方法完成webApplicationContext的初始化

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>*.form</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

初始化过程首先创建一个webApplicationContext，如果没有自定义webApplicationContext会使用默认的默认使用XmlWebApplicationContext，之后会判断XmlWebApplicationContext是否被刷新过，如果没有则调用configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext刷新容器，获取配置文件的位置参数，一般资源文件配置在applicationContext.xml中，这也是webapplicationContext默认的配置文件，初始化资源，最后调用refresh方法，refreshspring容器启动的核心方法，也是spring容器开始启动的入口。容器启动完成后会把spring的webApplicationContext注入到tomcat的servletContext

//ContextLoaderListener.java
//初始化sping 容器
@Override
public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent event) {
    initWebApplicationContext(event.getServletContext());
}
//ContextLoader.java
public WebApplicationContext initWebApplicationContext(ServletContext servletContext) {
    ...省略非关键代码 
    try {
        //context为空，则创建一个，默认使用XmlWebApplicationContext
        if (this.context == null) {
            this.context = createWebApplicationContext(servletContext);
        }
        //激活context
        if (this.context instanceof ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) {
            ConfigurableWebApplicationContext cwac = (ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) this.context;
            if (!cwac.isActive()) {
                // The context has not yet been refreshed -> provide services such as
                // setting the parent context, setting the application context id, etc
                if (cwac.getParent() == null) {
                    // The context instance was injected without an explicit parent ->
                    // determine parent for root web application context, if any.
                    ApplicationContext parent = loadParentContext(servletContext);
                    cwac.setParent(parent);
                }
                //核心方法，下面分析
                configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(cwac, servletContext);
            }
        }
        //把spring WebApplicationContext 注入到tomcat 的servletContext中
        servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, this.context);
        return this.context;
    }
}
//ContextLoader.java
protected void configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ConfigurableWebApplicationContext wac, ServletContext sc) {
    //设置servletContext
    wac.setServletContext(sc);
    String configLocationParam = sc.getInitParameter(CONFIG_LOCATION_PARAM);
    //设置context配置位置，一般是applicationContext.xml
    if (configLocationParam != null) {
        wac.setConfigLocation(configLocationParam);
    }
    ConfigurableEnvironment env = wac.getEnvironment();
    if (env instanceof ConfigurableWebEnvironment) {
        //初始化资源
        ((ConfigurableWebEnvironment) env).initPropertySources(sc, null);
    }
    customizeContext(sc, wac);
    //spring容器的核心方法，真正启动spring的入口
    wac.refresh();
}

Spring容器启动过程

//org/springframework/context/support/AbstractApplicationContext.java
public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
    synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
        // 准备启动上下文
        prepareRefresh();
        // 创建DefaultListableBeanFactory，完成bean配置的读取、解析，核心方法，下面分析
        ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();
        // Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
        //设置beanFactory属性，包括classloader、BeanPostProcessor
        //注册ApplicationContextAwareProcessor实例实现BeanPostProcessor完成扩展功能（扩展点一节分析）
        prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);
        try {
            // 调用默认的beanPostProcessor 如 ServletContextAwareProcessor
            postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);
            // Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
            //实例化注册的BeanFactoryPostProcessor bean
            invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);
            // Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
            //注册 beanPostProcessor 用来在bean的初始化前后实现扩展逻辑
            registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);
            // Initialize message source for this context.
            initMessageSource();
            // Initialize event multicaster for this context.
            initApplicationEventMulticaster();
            // Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
            onRefresh();
            // Check for listener beans and register them.
            registerListeners();
            // 实例化非懒加载单例bean，核心方法下面分析
            finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);
            // Last step: publish corresponding event.
            finishRefresh();
        }
    }
}

bean解析&注册

beanFactory负责管理bean的解析、注册、实例化等操作，所以在bean解析前需要先创建一个beanFactory。如果之前已经创建beanFactory，需要先销毁bean并关闭beanFactory。Spring容器会创建一个DefaultListableBeanFactory实例，这个类非常重要，里面维护了bean的注册表和bean的缓存池，bean的注册表用来存放根据配置解析出的beanDefinition对象；bean的缓存池存放beanDefinition对象实例化出来的bean实例，我们应用平时使用到的bean就是从bean缓存池中取出来的。本小节先介绍bean的解析与注册过程，spring根据配置（xml、注解、java类）解析后的bean会存放在注册表里面，根据注册表实例化bean会存放在缓存池里面。然后在customizeBeanFactory方法中完成一些个性化配置，之后会加载配置的bean到spring的bean注册表

//org/springframework/context/support/AbstractApplicationContext.java
protected ConfigurableListableBeanFactory obtainFreshBeanFactory() {
    refreshBeanFactory();
    return getBeanFactory();
}
//org/springframework/context/support/AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java
protected final void refreshBeanFactory() throws BeansException {
    if (hasBeanFactory()) {
        destroyBeans();
        closeBeanFactory();
    }
    try {
        DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory = createBeanFactory();
        beanFactory.setSerializationId(getId());
        customizeBeanFactory(beanFactory);
        //完成bean的解析、注册到spring用起的bean注册表
        loadBeanDefinitions(beanFactory);
        synchronized (this.beanFactoryMonitor) {
            this.beanFactory = beanFactory;
        }
    }
}

读取bean配置，转换成dom对象

首先创建XmlBeanDefinitionReader，完成环境配置与初始化等，核心是loadBeanDefinitions（beanDefinitionReader），它会从配置文件加载bean，首先获取配置文件的位置，然后从配置文件中解析出resource。其中一系列的重载方法目的是把配置文件从location到获取资源到最终解析成document对象，这个转换过程是location->resource->inputstream->inputsource->document。真正解析bean的时候是解析document里面的element元素。

@Override
protected void loadBeanDefinitions(DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException, IOException {
    // Create a new XmlBeanDefinitionReader for the given BeanFactory.
    XmlBeanDefinitionReader beanDefinitionReader = new XmlBeanDefinitionReader(beanFactory);
    // Configure the bean definition reader with this context's
    // resource loading environment.
    beanDefinitionReader.setEnvironment(getEnvironment());
    beanDefinitionReader.setResourceLoader(this);
    beanDefinitionReader.setEntityResolver(new ResourceEntityResolver(this));
    // Allow a subclass to provide custom initialization of the reader,
    // then proceed with actually loading the bean definitions.
    initBeanDefinitionReader(beanDefinitionReader);
    loadBeanDefinitions(beanDefinitionReader);
}
protected void loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader reader) throws IOException {
    String[] configLocations = getConfigLocations();
    if (configLocations != null) {
        for (String configLocation : configLocations) {
            reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configLocation);
        }
    }
}
public int loadBeanDefinitions(String location) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
    return loadBeanDefinitions(location, null);
}
public int loadBeanDefinitions(String location, @Nullable Set<Resource> actualResources) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
    //省略非核心代码
    ResourceLoader resourceLoader = getResourceLoader();
    //如果是正则匹配
    if (resourceLoader instanceof ResourcePatternResolver) {
        // Resource pattern matching available.
        try {
            //从配置文件解析resource
            Resource[] resources = ((ResourcePatternResolver) resourceLoader).getResources(location);
            int count = loadBeanDefinitions(resources);
        }
    }
    else {
        // Can only load single resources by absolute URL.
        //从配置文件解析resource
        Resource resource = resourceLoader.getResource(location);
        int count = loadBeanDefinitions(resource);
    }
}
//对resource进行编码
public int loadBeanDefinitions(Resource resource) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
    return loadBeanDefinitions(new EncodedResource(resource));
}
public int loadBeanDefinitions(EncodedResource encodedResource) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
    //省略非核心代码
    try {
        //resource -> inputStream
        InputStream inputStream = encodedResource.getResource().getInputStream();
        try {
            //inputStream->inputSource
            InputSource inputSource = new InputSource(inputStream);
            if (encodedResource.getEncoding() != null) {
                inputSource.setEncoding(encodedResource.getEncoding());
            }
            return doLoadBeanDefinitions(inputSource, encodedResource.getResource());
        }
    }
}
protected int doLoadBeanDefinitions(InputSource inputSource, Resource resource)
    throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
    try {
        //inputsource -> document
        Document doc = doLoadDocument(inputSource, resource);
        int count = registerBeanDefinitions(doc, resource);
        return count;
    }
}
public int registerBeanDefinitions(Document doc, Resource resource) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
    BeanDefinitionDocumentReader documentReader = createBeanDefinitionDocumentReader();
    int countBefore = getRegistry().getBeanDefinitionCount();
    documentReader.registerBeanDefinitions(doc, createReaderContext(resource));
    return getRegistry().getBeanDefinitionCount() - countBefore;
}
public void registerBeanDefinitions(Document doc, XmlReaderContext readerContext) {
    this.readerContext = readerContext;
    doRegisterBeanDefinitions(doc.getDocumentElement());
}
protected void doRegisterBeanDefinitions(Element root) {
    BeanDefinitionParserDelegate parent = this.delegate;
    this.delegate = createDelegate(getReaderContext(), root, parent);
    //bean 解析前处理
    preProcessXml(root);
    //真正的解析bean
    parseBeanDefinitions(root, this.delegate);
    //bean解析后处理
    postProcessXml(root);
    this.delegate = parent;
}

dom对象解析成beanDefinition对象

经过上面的步骤已经把xml文件转成dom 元素，然后对dom元素从root节点开始解析，包括解析默认节点（如bean）和自定义节点（如context节点），默认的节点包括 impot alias bean等，这里重点看下bean节点的解析processBeanDefinition(ele, delegate)。首先把elemetn解析成beanDefinition并然后封装到一个包装器（重点，真正进行bean解析的地方，下面单独分析）

//org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.java
protected void parseBeanDefinitions(Element root, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) {
    if (delegate.isDefaultNamespace(root)) {
        NodeList nl = root.getChildNodes();
        for (int i = 0; i < nl.getLength(); i++) {
            Node node = nl.item(i);
            if (node instanceof Element) {
                Element ele = (Element) node;
                if (delegate.isDefaultNamespace(ele)) {
                    parseDefaultElement(ele, delegate);
                }
                else {
                    delegate.parseCustomElement(ele);
                }
            }
        }
    }
    else {
        delegate.parseCustomElement(root);
    }
}
private void parseDefaultElement(Element ele, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) {
    if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, IMPORT_ELEMENT)) {
        importBeanDefinitionResource(ele);
    }
    else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, ALIAS_ELEMENT)) {
        processAliasRegistration(ele);
    }
    else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, BEAN_ELEMENT)) {
        processBeanDefinition(ele, delegate);
    }
    else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, NESTED_BEANS_ELEMENT)) {
        // recurse
        doRegisterBeanDefinitions(ele);
    }
}
protected void processBeanDefinition(Element ele, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) {
    //将element元素解析成对beanDefinition，然后封装一个包装器，bean解析核心方法
    BeanDefinitionHolder bdHolder = delegate.parseBeanDefinitionElement(ele);
    if (bdHolder != null) {
        bdHolder = delegate.decorateBeanDefinitionIfRequired(ele, bdHolder);
        try {
            //注册bean
            BeanDefinitionReaderUtils.registerBeanDefinition(bdHolder, getReaderContext().getRegistry());
        }
        // Send registration event.
        //注册完成后发送事件，对应的监听器收到事件会处理
        getReaderContext().fireComponentRegistered(new BeanComponentDefinition(bdHolder));
    }
}

根据element里面的属性来解析bean，包括获取bean 的id 、name 校验id唯一性等准备工作，重点是通过parseBeanDefinitionElement把element解析成beanDefinition。parseBeanDefinitionElement首先是尝试获取element中bean 的classname 和parentName等属性，然后实例化一个GenericBeanDefinition并注入classname,parentName。最后是逐个解析bean的属性和bean的子节点属性并注入到之前实例化的GenericBeanDefinition中。下图中可以看出element对象包含了定义bean节点的各个属性和子节点的属性。

//BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.java
public BeanDefinitionHolder parseBeanDefinitionElement(Element ele) {
    return parseBeanDefinitionElement(ele, null);
}

@Nullable
public BeanDefinitionHolder parseBeanDefinitionElement(Element ele, @Nullable BeanDefinition containingBean) {
    //省略非核心代码
    //获取beanId
    String id = ele.getAttribute(ID_ATTRIBUTE);
    //获取beanName
    String nameAttr = ele.getAttribute(NAME_ATTRIBUTE);
    //name支持多个
    List<String> aliases = new ArrayList<>();
    if (StringUtils.hasLength(nameAttr)) {
        String[] nameArr = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(nameAttr, MULTI_VALUE_ATTRIBUTE_DELIMITERS);
        aliases.addAll(Arrays.asList(nameArr));
    }
    //如果id为空，则id取第一个name
    String beanName = id;
    if (!StringUtils.hasText(beanName) && !aliases.isEmpty()) {
        beanName = aliases.remove(0);
        if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
            logger.trace("No XML 'id' specified - using '" + beanName +
                         "' as bean name and " + aliases + " as aliases");
        }
    }
    //校验id的唯一性
    if (containingBean == null) {
        checkNameUniqueness(beanName, aliases, ele);
    }
    //beanName解析成beanDefinition 重点
    AbstractBeanDefinition beanDefinition = parseBeanDefinitionElement(ele, beanName, containingBean);

    return new BeanDefinitionHolder(beanDefinition, beanName, aliasesArray);
}

//这里是真正完成bean解析的过程
public AbstractBeanDefinition parseBeanDefinitionElement(
    Element ele, String beanName, @Nullable BeanDefinition containingBean) {

    this.parseState.push(new BeanEntry(beanName));
    //获取classname和parent
    String className = null;
    if (ele.hasAttribute(CLASS_ATTRIBUTE)) {
        className = ele.getAttribute(CLASS_ATTRIBUTE).trim();
    }
    String parent = null;
    if (ele.hasAttribute(PARENT_ATTRIBUTE)) {
        parent = ele.getAttribute(PARENT_ATTRIBUTE);
    }

    try {
        创建GenerateBeanDefinition实例，注入classname
        AbstractBeanDefinition bd = createBeanDefinition(className, parent);
        //解析bean节点下的各个属性，如<init-method>
        parseBeanDefinitionAttributes(ele, beanName, containingBean, bd);
        bd.setDescription(DomUtils.getChildElementValueByTagName(ele, DESCRIPTION_ELEMENT));
        //解析bean的子节点属性，如果配置了。比如metaElement constructor-args，property，qualifier等属性
        parseMetaElements(ele, bd);
        parseLookupOverrideSubElements(ele, bd.getMethodOverrides());
        parseReplacedMethodSubElements(ele, bd.getMethodOverrides());

        parseConstructorArgElements(ele, bd);
        parsePropertyElements(ele, bd);
        parseQualifierElements(ele, bd);

        bd.setResource(this.readerContext.getResource());
        bd.setSource(extractSource(ele));

        return bd;
    }
    ...省略异常
    finally {
        this.parseState.pop();
    }

    return null;
}

在xml文件中配置bean的时候可以设置各种各样的属性，如singleton lazy-init init-method等，里面会一一解析。

//BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.java
public AbstractBeanDefinition parseBeanDefinitionAttributes(Element ele, String beanName,
                                                            @Nullable BeanDefinition containingBean, AbstractBeanDefinition bd) {

    if (ele.hasAttribute(SINGLETON_ATTRIBUTE)) {
        error("Old 1.x 'singleton' attribute in use - upgrade to 'scope' declaration", ele);
    }
    else if (ele.hasAttribute(SCOPE_ATTRIBUTE)) {
        bd.setScope(ele.getAttribute(SCOPE_ATTRIBUTE));
    }
    else if (containingBean != null) {
        // Take default from containing bean in case of an inner bean definition.
        bd.setScope(containingBean.getScope());
    }

    if (ele.hasAttribute(ABSTRACT_ATTRIBUTE)) {
        bd.setAbstract(TRUE_VALUE.equals(ele.getAttribute(ABSTRACT_ATTRIBUTE)));
    }

    String lazyInit = ele.getAttribute(LAZY_INIT_ATTRIBUTE);
    if (isDefaultValue(lazyInit)) {
        lazyInit = this.defaults.getLazyInit();
    }
    bd.setLazyInit(TRUE_VALUE.equals(lazyInit));

    String autowire = ele.getAttribute(AUTOWIRE_ATTRIBUTE);
    bd.setAutowireMode(getAutowireMode(autowire));

    if (ele.hasAttribute(DEPENDS_ON_ATTRIBUTE)) {
        String dependsOn = ele.getAttribute(DEPENDS_ON_ATTRIBUTE);
        bd.setDependsOn(StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(dependsOn, MULTI_VALUE_ATTRIBUTE_DELIMITERS));
    }

    String autowireCandidate = ele.getAttribute(AUTOWIRE_CANDIDATE_ATTRIBUTE);
    if (isDefaultValue(autowireCandidate)) {
        String candidatePattern = this.defaults.getAutowireCandidates();
        if (candidatePattern != null) {
            String[] patterns = StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray(candidatePattern);
            bd.setAutowireCandidate(PatternMatchUtils.simpleMatch(patterns, beanName));
        }
    }
    else {
        bd.setAutowireCandidate(TRUE_VALUE.equals(autowireCandidate));
    }

    if (ele.hasAttribute(PRIMARY_ATTRIBUTE)) {
        bd.setPrimary(TRUE_VALUE.equals(ele.getAttribute(PRIMARY_ATTRIBUTE)));
    }

    if (ele.hasAttribute(INIT_METHOD_ATTRIBUTE)) {
        String initMethodName = ele.getAttribute(INIT_METHOD_ATTRIBUTE);
        bd.setInitMethodName(initMethodName);
    }
    else if (this.defaults.getInitMethod() != null) {
        bd.setInitMethodName(this.defaults.getInitMethod());
        bd.setEnforceInitMethod(false);
    }

    if (ele.hasAttribute(DESTROY_METHOD_ATTRIBUTE)) {
        String destroyMethodName = ele.getAttribute(DESTROY_METHOD_ATTRIBUTE);
        bd.setDestroyMethodName(destroyMethodName);
    }
    else if (this.defaults.getDestroyMethod() != null) {
        bd.setDestroyMethodName(this.defaults.getDestroyMethod());
        bd.setEnforceDestroyMethod(false);
    }

    if (ele.hasAttribute(FACTORY_METHOD_ATTRIBUTE)) {
        bd.setFactoryMethodName(ele.getAttribute(FACTORY_METHOD_ATTRIBUTE));
    }
    if (ele.hasAttribute(FACTORY_BEAN_ATTRIBUTE)) {
        bd.setFactoryBeanName(ele.getAttribute(FACTORY_BEAN_ATTRIBUTE));
    }

    return bd;
}

beanDefinition对象注册到spring注册表

然后进行bean的注册，把beanName和beanDefinition放入注册表中，其实就是一个beanDefinitionMap，注册完成后发送事件，对应的监听器收到事件会处理。bean的注册包括beanDefinition的注册和别名的注册。bean注册的过程比较简单，就是把已经解析好的beanDefinition对象存放到注册表beanDefinitionmap中。

//BeanDefinitionReaderUtils.java
public static void registerBeanDefinition(
    BeanDefinitionHolder definitionHolder, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry)
    throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {

    // Register bean definition under primary name.
    String beanName = definitionHolder.getBeanName();
    //用primary name 注册bean
    registry.registerBeanDefinition(beanName, definitionHolder.getBeanDefinition());

    // Register aliases for bean name, if any.
    //注册别名
    String[] aliases = definitionHolder.getAliases();
    if (aliases != null) {
        for (String alias : aliases) {
            registry.registerAlias(beanName, alias);
        }
    }
}
//DefaultListableBeanFactory.java
public void registerBeanDefinition(String beanName, BeanDefinition beanDefinition)
            throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
    //最关键的就是把beanDefinition存入beanDefinitionMap
    this.beanDefinitionMap.put(beanName, beanDefinition);
    this.beanDefinitionNames.add(beanName);
}

创建bean实例&初始化

refresh（）方法中会调用finishBeanFactoryInitialization进行bean的实例化，前面是设置conversion service和注册字符串解析器用来解析配置，设置LoadTimeWeaverAware，停止使用临时类加载器。核心方法是preInstantiateSingletons（），这一步是初始化所有的非lzay-init bean。

protected void finishBeanFactoryInitialization(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
    // Initialize conversion service for this context.
    if (beanFactory.containsBean(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME) &&
        beanFactory.isTypeMatch(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME, ConversionService.class)) {
        beanFactory.setConversionService(
            beanFactory.getBean(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME, ConversionService.class));
    }

    // Register a default embedded value resolver if no bean post-processor
    // (such as a PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer bean) registered any before:
    // at this point, primarily for resolution in annotation attribute values.
    if (!beanFactory.hasEmbeddedValueResolver()) {
        beanFactory.addEmbeddedValueResolver(strVal -> getEnvironment().resolvePlaceholders(strVal));
    }

    // Initialize LoadTimeWeaverAware beans early to allow for registering their transformers early.
    String[] weaverAwareNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(LoadTimeWeaverAware.class, false, false);
    for (String weaverAwareName : weaverAwareNames) {
        getBean(weaverAwareName);
    }

    // Stop using the temporary ClassLoader for type matching.
    beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(null);

    // Allow for caching all bean definition metadata, not expecting further changes.
    beanFactory.freezeConfiguration();

    // Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
    //初始化所有的非lazy-init bean
    beanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons();
}

首先获取beanNames，遍历beanNames，对于每一个beanName，先判断是否是factoryBean 实现了factoryBean接口的bean属于factoryBean，获取factoryBean和通常的bean有些不同，需要在beanName前加上’&’前缀，例如getBean(&${beanName})，不过通常的bean都不属于factoryBean，我们直接看下面的getBean(beanName)方法。

//org/springframework/beans/factory/support/DefaultListableBeanFactory.java
public void preInstantiateSingletons() throws BeansException {
    List<String> beanNames = new ArrayList<>(this.beanDefinitionNames);

    // Trigger initialization of all non-lazy singleton beans...
    for (String beanName : beanNames) {
        RootBeanDefinition bd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
        if (!bd.isAbstract() && bd.isSingleton() && !bd.isLazyInit()) {
            //判断是否factoryBean 实现了factoryBean接口的bean属于factoryBean，获取factoryBean需要在beanName加上'&'前缀
            //通常的bean都直接走下面的getBean分支，不属于factoryBean
            if (isFactoryBean(beanName)) {
                Object bean = getBean(FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX + beanName);
                if (bean instanceof FactoryBean) {
                    final FactoryBean<?> factory = (FactoryBean<?>) bean;
                    boolean isEagerInit;
                    if (System.getSecurityManager() != null && factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean) {
                        isEagerInit = AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Boolean>)
                                                                    ((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory)::isEagerInit,
                                                                    getAccessControlContext());
                    }
                    else {
                        isEagerInit = (factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean &&
                                       ((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory).isEagerInit());
                    }
                    if (isEagerInit) {
                        getBean(beanName);
                    }
                }
            }
            else {
                //获取bean，重点
                getBean(beanName);
            }
        }
    }

    // Trigger post-initialization callback for all applicable beans...
    for (String beanName : beanNames) {
        Object singletonInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
        if (singletonInstance instanceof SmartInitializingSingleton) {
            final SmartInitializingSingleton smartSingleton = (SmartInitializingSingleton) singletonInstance;
            if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
                AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {
                    smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();
                    return null;
                }, getAccessControlContext());
            }
            else {
                smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();
            }
        }
    }
}

首先转换beanName，factoryBean 需要去掉前面的&。然后根据beanName判断bean是否已经被创建，如果创建则直接从内存中返回bean实例。如果没有创建，看是否正在创建bean，是的话抛异常。不是的话则进入bean的创建流程。判断beanFactory是否包含这个beanName所属的beanDefinition，如果不在看是否在parentBeanFactory中，之后合并parent节点，组装完整的beanDefinition。bean在实例化前需要先实例化依赖的bean，这里会涉及到bean 的循环依赖问题。依赖的bean实例化后，完成自己bean的实例化，不同scope的bean实例化的处理方式稍微不同，这里只看单例 bean的实例化createBean(beanName, mbd, args);

public Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException {
    return doGetBean(name, null, null, false);
}

protected <T> T doGetBean(final String name, @Nullable final Class<T> requiredType,
                          @Nullable final Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly) throws BeansException {
    final String beanName = transformedBeanName(name);
    Object bean;

    // Eagerly check singleton cache for manually registered singletons.
    //判断bean是否已被创建
    Object sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
    if (sharedInstance != null && args == null) {
        if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
            if (isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
                logger.trace("Returning eagerly cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName +
                             "' that is not fully initialized yet - a consequence of a circular reference");
            }
            else {
                logger.trace("Returning cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName + "'");
            }
        }
        bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, null);
    }

    else {
        //正在创建实例则抛出异常
        if (isPrototypeCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
            throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName);
        }

        // 判断beanDefinition是否在beanFactory中，如果不在看是否在parentBeanFactory
        BeanFactory parentBeanFactory = getParentBeanFactory();
        if (parentBeanFactory != null && !containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) {
            // Not found -> check parent.
            String nameToLookup = originalBeanName(name);
            if (parentBeanFactory instanceof AbstractBeanFactory) {
                return ((AbstractBeanFactory) parentBeanFactory).doGetBean(
                    nameToLookup, requiredType, args, typeCheckOnly);
            }
            else if (args != null) {
                // Delegation to parent with explicit args.
                return (T) parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, args);
            }
            else if (requiredType != null) {
                // No args -> delegate to standard getBean method.
                return parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, requiredType);
            }
            else {
                return (T) parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup);
            }
        }

        if (!typeCheckOnly) {
            markBeanAsCreated(beanName);
        }

        try {
            //合并parent节点，组装beanDefinition
            final RootBeanDefinition mbd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
            checkMergedBeanDefinition(mbd, beanName, args);

            // 需要先保障依赖的bean初始化
            String[] dependsOn = mbd.getDependsOn();
            if (dependsOn != null) {
                for (String dep : dependsOn) {
                    if (isDependent(beanName, dep)) {
                        throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
                                                        "Circular depends-on relationship between '" + beanName + "' and '" + dep + "'");
                    }
                    registerDependentBean(dep, beanName);
                    try {
                        getBean(dep);
                    }
                    catch (NoSuchBeanDefinitionException ex) {
                        throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
                                                        "'" + beanName + "' depends on missing bean '" + dep + "'", ex);
                    }
                }
            }

            // Create bean instance.
            if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
                sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, () -> {
                    try {
                        //创建bean实例，重点
                        return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
                    }
                    catch (BeansException ex) {
                        // Explicitly remove instance from singleton cache: It might have been put there
                        // eagerly by the creation process, to allow for circular reference resolution.
                        // Also remove any beans that received a temporary reference to the bean.
                        destroySingleton(beanName);
                        throw ex;
                    }
                });
                bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
            }

            else if (mbd.isPrototype()) {
                // It's a prototype -> create a new instance.
                Object prototypeInstance = null;
                try {
                    beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
                    prototypeInstance = createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
                }
                finally {
                    afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
                }
                bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(prototypeInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
            }

            else {
                String scopeName = mbd.getScope();
                final Scope scope = this.scopes.get(scopeName);
                if (scope == null) {
                    throw new IllegalStateException("No Scope registered for scope name '" + scopeName + "'");
                }
                try {
                    Object scopedInstance = scope.get(beanName, () -> {
                        beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
                        try {
                            return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
                        }
                        finally {
                            afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
                        }
                    });
                    bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(scopedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
                }
                catch (IllegalStateException ex) {
                    throw new BeanCreationException(beanName,
                                                    "Scope '" + scopeName + "' is not active for the current thread; consider " +
                                                    "defining a scoped proxy for this bean if you intend to refer to it from a singleton",
                                                    ex);
                }
            }
        }
        catch (BeansException ex) {
            cleanupAfterBeanCreationFailure(beanName);
            throw ex;
        }
    }

    // Check if required type matches the type of the actual bean instance.
    if (requiredType != null && !requiredType.isInstance(bean)) {
        try {
            T convertedBean = getTypeConverter().convertIfNecessary(bean, requiredType);
            if (convertedBean == null) {
                throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
            }
            return convertedBean;
        }
        catch (TypeMismatchException ex) {
            if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
                logger.trace("Failed to convert bean '" + name + "' to required type '" +
                             ClassUtils.getQualifiedName(requiredType) + "'", ex);
            }
            throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
        }
    }
    return (T) bean;
}

创建bean实例

确保此时bean class 已经被解析了，拷贝一个beanDefinition以防动态解析的bean class 不能被存储在一个共享的merged bean definition中，然后在拷贝的beanDefinition 设置beanClass。beanPostProcessor可以干预bean的初始化，此处通过resolveBeforeInstantiation可以在bean实例化前返回一个bean实例的代理，如果没有则进行下面的bean实例创建doCreateBean(beanName, mbdToUse, args);

org/springframework/beans/factory/support/AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java
protected Object createBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args)
            throws BeanCreationException {

        if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
            logger.trace("Creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
        }
        RootBeanDefinition mbdToUse = mbd;

        //clone 一个beanDefinition
        Class<?> resolvedClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);
        if (resolvedClass != null && !mbd.hasBeanClass() && mbd.getBeanClassName() != null) {
            mbdToUse = new RootBeanDefinition(mbd);
            mbdToUse.setBeanClass(resolvedClass);
        }

        // Prepare method overrides.
        try {
            mbdToUse.prepareMethodOverrides();
        }
        catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
            throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(),
                    beanName, "Validation of method overrides failed", ex);
        }

        try {
            // 在bean初始化前的beanPostProcessor处理，它可以返回一个bean实例的代理
            Object bean = resolveBeforeInstantiation(beanName, mbdToUse);
            if (bean != null) {
                return bean;
            }
        }
        catch (Throwable ex) {
            throw new BeanCreationException(mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
                    "BeanPostProcessor before instantiation of bean failed", ex);
        }

        try {
            //创建bean实例
            Object beanInstance = doCreateBean(beanName, mbdToUse, args);
            if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
                logger.trace("Finished creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
            }
            return beanInstance;
        }
        ...省略异常处理
    }

doCreateBean是真正创建bean实例的地方，首先从缓存中获取bean实例，获取不到则通过反射创建一个bean实例。mergedBeanDefinitionProcessor可以通过回调postProcessMergedBeanDefinition修改merged bean definition。之后进行bean的初始化，最后注册bean为可销毁的。这里重点看下bean的实例创建

protected Object doCreateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd, final @Nullable Object[] args)
    throws BeanCreationException {

    // 先从缓存中获取
    BeanWrapper instanceWrapper = null;
    if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
        instanceWrapper = this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.remove(beanName);
    }
    //真正创建bean实例，通过反射创建
    if (instanceWrapper == null) {
        instanceWrapper = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args);
    }
    final Object bean = instanceWrapper.getWrappedInstance();
    Class<?> beanType = instanceWrapper.getWrappedClass();
    if (beanType != NullBean.class) {
        mbd.resolvedTargetType = beanType;
    }

    // Allow post-processors to modify the merged bean definition.
    //mergedBeanDefinitionProcessor可以修改merged bean definition.
    synchronized (mbd.postProcessingLock) {
        if (!mbd.postProcessed) {
            try {
                applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors(mbd, beanType, beanName);
            }
            catch (Throwable ex) {
                throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
                                                "Post-processing of merged bean definition failed", ex);
            }
            mbd.postProcessed = true;
        }
    }

    // Eagerly cache singletons to be able to resolve circular references
    // even when triggered by lifecycle interfaces like BeanFactoryAware.
    boolean earlySingletonExposure = (mbd.isSingleton() && this.allowCircularReferences &&
                                      isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName));
    if (earlySingletonExposure) {
        if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
            logger.trace("Eagerly caching bean '" + beanName +
                         "' to allow for resolving potential circular references");
        }
        addSingletonFactory(beanName, () -> getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean));
    }

    // Initialize the bean instance.
    Object exposedObject = bean;
    try {
        populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper);
        //初始化bean实例，后面重点分析
        exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd);
    }
    catch (Throwable ex) {
        if (ex instanceof BeanCreationException && beanName.equals(((BeanCreationException) ex).getBeanName())) {
            throw (BeanCreationException) ex;
        }
        else {
            throw new BeanCreationException(
                mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Initialization of bean failed", ex);
        }
    }

    if (earlySingletonExposure) {
        Object earlySingletonReference = getSingleton(beanName, false);
        if (earlySingletonReference != null) {
            if (exposedObject == bean) {
                exposedObject = earlySingletonReference;
            }
            else if (!this.allowRawInjectionDespiteWrapping && hasDependentBean(beanName)) {
                String[] dependentBeans = getDependentBeans(beanName);
                Set<String> actualDependentBeans = new LinkedHashSet<>(dependentBeans.length);
                for (String dependentBean : dependentBeans) {
                    if (!removeSingletonIfCreatedForTypeCheckOnly(dependentBean)) {
                        actualDependentBeans.add(dependentBean);
                    }
                }
                if (!actualDependentBeans.isEmpty()) {
                    throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName,
                                                               "Bean with name '" + beanName + "' has been injected into other beans [" +
                                                               StringUtils.collectionToCommaDelimitedString(actualDependentBeans) +
                                                               "] in its raw version as part of a circular reference, but has eventually been " +
                                                               "wrapped. This means that said other beans do not use the final version of the " +
                                                               "bean. This is often the result of over-eager type matching - consider using " +
                                                               "'getBeanNamesOfType' with the 'allowEagerInit' flag turned off, for example.");
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // Register bean as disposable.
    try {
        registerDisposableBeanIfNecessary(beanName, bean, mbd);
    }
    catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
        throw new BeanCreationException(
            mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Invalid destruction signature", ex);
    }

    return exposedObject;
}

首先确保bean class 已经被解析，这样才能实例化对应的对象。实例化bean有多种策略，根据配置选择合适的方法进行实例化

工厂方法初始化
构造函数自动注入初始化

默认无参构造方法初始化

protected BeanWrapper createBeanInstance(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args) {
  // Make sure bean class is actually resolved at this point.
  Class<?> beanClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);

  if (beanClass != null && !Modifier.isPublic(beanClass.getModifiers()) && !mbd.isNonPublicAccessAllowed()) {
      throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
                                      "Bean class isn't public, and non-public access not allowed: " + beanClass.getName());
  }

  Supplier<?> instanceSupplier = mbd.getInstanceSupplier();
  if (instanceSupplier != null) {
      return obtainFromSupplier(instanceSupplier, beanName);
  }

  if (mbd.getFactoryMethodName() != null) {
      return instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(beanName, mbd, args);
  }

  // Shortcut when re-creating the same bean...
  boolean resolved = false;
  boolean autowireNecessary = false;
  if (args == null) {
      synchronized (mbd.constructorArgumentLock) {
          if (mbd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod != null) {
              resolved = true;
              autowireNecessary = mbd.constructorArgumentsResolved;
          }
      }
  }
  if (resolved) {
      if (autowireNecessary) {
          return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, null, null);
      }
      else {
          return instantiateBean(beanName, mbd);
      }
  }

  // Candidate constructors for autowiring?
  Constructor<?>[] ctors = determineConstructorsFromBeanPostProcessors(beanClass, beanName);
  if (ctors != null || mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == AUTOWIRE_CONSTRUCTOR ||
      mbd.hasConstructorArgumentValues() || !ObjectUtils.isEmpty(args)) {
      return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, ctors, args);
  }

  // Preferred constructors for default construction?
  ctors = mbd.getPreferredConstructors();
  if (ctors != null) {
      return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, ctors, null);
  }

  // No special handling: simply use no-arg constructor.
  return instantiateBean(beanName, mbd);
}

这里选取最简单的默认无参构造方法来分析，主要看instantiate(mbd, beanName, parent)

protected BeanWrapper instantiateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
  try {
      Object beanInstance;
      final BeanFactory parent = this;
      if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
          beanInstance = AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () ->
                                                       getInstantiationStrategy().instantiate(mbd, beanName, parent),
                                                       getAccessControlContext());
      }
      else {
          beanInstance = getInstantiationStrategy().instantiate(mbd, beanName, parent);
      }
      BeanWrapper bw = new BeanWrapperImpl(beanInstance);
      initBeanWrapper(bw);
      return bw;
  }
  catch (Throwable ex) {
      throw new BeanCreationException(
          mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Instantiation of bean failed", ex);
  }
}

获取bean class 对象判断是否是接口，如果是接口抛异常。然后通过反射获取构造方法，最后通过instantiateClass(constructorToUse)方法中的ctor.newInstance(args)完成构造函数的newInstance（），至此bean实例化过程完成。 ```java public Object instantiate(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable String beanName, BeanFactory owner) { // Don’t override the class with CGLIB if no overrides. if (!bd.hasMethodOverrides()) {

  Constructor<?> constructorToUse;
  synchronized (bd.constructorArgumentLock) {
      constructorToUse = (Constructor<?>) bd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod;
      if (constructorToUse == null) {
          final Class<?> clazz = bd.getBeanClass();
          if (clazz.isInterface()) {
              throw new BeanInstantiationException(clazz, "Specified class is an interface");
          }
          try {
              if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
                  constructorToUse = AccessController.doPrivileged(
                      (PrivilegedExceptionAction<Constructor<?>>) clazz::getDeclaredConstructor);
              }
              else {
                  constructorToUse = clazz.getDeclaredConstructor();
              }
              bd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod = constructorToUse;
          }
          catch (Throwable ex) {
              throw new BeanInstantiationException(clazz, "No default constructor found", ex);
          }
      }
  }
  return BeanUtils.instantiateClass(constructorToUse);

} else {

  // Must generate CGLIB subclass.
  return instantiateWithMethodInjection(bd, beanName, owner);

} }

public static T instantiateClass(Constructor ctor, Object… args) throws BeanInstantiationException { Assert.notNull(ctor, “Constructor must not be null”); try { ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(ctor); //最终实例化的完成 return ctor.newInstance(args); } catch (InstantiationException ex) { throw new BeanInstantiationException(ctor, “Is it an abstract class?”, ex); } catch (IllegalAccessException ex) { throw new BeanInstantiationException(ctor, “Is the constructor accessible?”, ex); } catch (IllegalArgumentException ex) { throw new BeanInstantiationException(ctor, “Illegal arguments for constructor”, ex); } catch (InvocationTargetException ex) { throw new BeanInstantiationException(ctor, “Constructor threw exception”, ex.getTargetException()); } }


<a name="NJ65E"></a>
### bean的初始化
主要是回调一系列 Aware方法、initMethod方法和 bean post processors对bean初始化进行前处理和后处理。
```java
protected Object initializeBean(final String beanName, final Object bean, @Nullable RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
    if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
        AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {
            invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean);
            return null;
        }, getAccessControlContext());
    }
    else {
        invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean);
    }

    Object wrappedBean = bean;
    if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) {
        wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);
    }

    try {
        invokeInitMethods(beanName, wrappedBean, mbd);
    }
    catch (Throwable ex) {
        throw new BeanCreationException(
            (mbd != null ? mbd.getResourceDescription() : null),
            beanName, "Invocation of init method failed", ex);
    }
    if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) {
        wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);
    }

    return wrappedBean;
}

扩展点

BeanPostProcessor

beanPostProcessor是spring为修改bean提供的扩展点,postProcessBeforeInitialization在bean实例化后，初始化前调用，postProcessAfterInitialization在bean初始化后调用。

public interface BeanPostProcessor {

    @Nullable
    default Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
        return bean;
    }
    @Nullable
    default Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
        return bean;
    }

}

在spring容器的启动入口refresh()方法中完成beanFactory的实例创建后会调用prepareBeanFactory，prepareBeanFactory主要是设置factoryBean的属性，beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationContextAwareProcessor(this))这行代码会创建ApplicationContextAwareProcesso实例并注册到beanFactory。

protected void prepareBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
    // Tell the internal bean factory to use the context's class loader etc.
    beanFactory.setBeanClassLoader(getClassLoader());
    beanFactory.setBeanExpressionResolver(new StandardBeanExpressionResolver(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));
    beanFactory.addPropertyEditorRegistrar(new ResourceEditorRegistrar(this, getEnvironment()));

    // Configure the bean factory with context callbacks.
    beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationContextAwareProcessor(this));
    beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(EnvironmentAware.class);
    beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(EmbeddedValueResolverAware.class);
    beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ResourceLoaderAware.class);
    beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ApplicationEventPublisherAware.class);
    beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(MessageSourceAware.class);
    beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ApplicationContextAware.class);

    // BeanFactory interface not registered as resolvable type in a plain factory.
    // MessageSource registered (and found for autowiring) as a bean.
    beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(BeanFactory.class, beanFactory);
    beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ResourceLoader.class, this);
    beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ApplicationEventPublisher.class, this);
    beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ApplicationContext.class, this);

    // Register early post-processor for detecting inner beans as ApplicationListeners.
    beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationListenerDetector(this));

    // Detect a LoadTimeWeaver and prepare for weaving, if found.
    if (beanFactory.containsBean(LOAD_TIME_WEAVER_BEAN_NAME)) {
        beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new LoadTimeWeaverAwareProcessor(beanFactory));
        // Set a temporary ClassLoader for type matching.
        beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(new ContextTypeMatchClassLoader(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));
    }

    // Register default environment beans.
    if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME)) {
        beanFactory.registerSingleton(ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment());
    }
    if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_BEAN_NAME)) {
        beanFactory.registerSingleton(SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment().getSystemProperties());
    }
    if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME)) {
        beanFactory.registerSingleton(SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment().getSystemEnvironment());
    }
}

ApplicationContextAwareProcessor实现了BeanPostProcessor重写postProcessBeforeInitialization，里面调用了invokeAwareInterfaces（bean）方法，这里通过回调把spring资源注入到bean。

class ApplicationContextAwareProcessor implements BeanPostProcessor {

    private final ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext;

    private final StringValueResolver embeddedValueResolver;


    /**
     * Create a new ApplicationContextAwareProcessor for the given context.
     */
    public ApplicationContextAwareProcessor(ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext) {
        this.applicationContext = applicationContext;
        this.embeddedValueResolver = new EmbeddedValueResolver(applicationContext.getBeanFactory());
    }


    @Override
    @Nullable
    public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
        if (!(bean instanceof EnvironmentAware || bean instanceof EmbeddedValueResolverAware ||
                bean instanceof ResourceLoaderAware || bean instanceof ApplicationEventPublisherAware ||
                bean instanceof MessageSourceAware || bean instanceof ApplicationContextAware)){
            return bean;
        }

        AccessControlContext acc = null;

        if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
            acc = this.applicationContext.getBeanFactory().getAccessControlContext();
        }

        if (acc != null) {
            AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {
                invokeAwareInterfaces(bean);
                return null;
            }, acc);
        }
        else {
            invokeAwareInterfaces(bean);
        }

        return bean;
    }

    private void invokeAwareInterfaces(Object bean) {
        if (bean instanceof EnvironmentAware) {
            ((EnvironmentAware) bean).setEnvironment(this.applicationContext.getEnvironment());
        }
        if (bean instanceof EmbeddedValueResolverAware) {
            ((EmbeddedValueResolverAware) bean).setEmbeddedValueResolver(this.embeddedValueResolver);
        }
        if (bean instanceof ResourceLoaderAware) {
            ((ResourceLoaderAware) bean).setResourceLoader(this.applicationContext);
        }
        if (bean instanceof ApplicationEventPublisherAware) {
            ((ApplicationEventPublisherAware) bean).setApplicationEventPublisher(this.applicationContext);
        }
        if (bean instanceof MessageSourceAware) {
            ((MessageSourceAware) bean).setMessageSource(this.applicationContext);
        }
        if (bean instanceof ApplicationContextAware) {
            ((ApplicationContextAware) bean).setApplicationContext(this.applicationContext);
        }
    }

}

BeanFactoryPostProcessor

BeanFactoryPostProcessor只有postProcessBeanFactory一个接口,postProcessBeanFactory可以在BeanFactory完成实例化后修改容器内部的BeanFactory。在spring容器的启动入口refresh()方法中完成beanFactory的实例创建后会调用，这时候所有的bean都被加载，但是没有bean被初始化。这就允许BeanFactoryPostProcessor重写或者添加配置，甚至可以提前初始化bean。

public interface BeanFactoryPostProcessor {

    /**
     * Modify the application context's internal bean factory after its standard
     * initialization. All bean definitions will have been loaded, but no beans
     * will have been instantiated yet. This allows for overriding or adding
     * properties even to eager-initializing beans.
     * @param beanFactory the bean factory used by the application context
     * @throws org.springframework.beans.BeansException in case of errors
     */
    void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException;

}

public void refresh(){
    // 创建DefaultListableBeanFactory，完成bean配置的读取、解析，核心方法，下面分析
    ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();

    // Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
    postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);

    // Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
    invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);
}

xxxAware接口

若 Spring 检测到 bean 实现了 Aware 接口，则会为其注入相应的依赖。所以通过让bean 实现 Aware 接口，则能在 bean 中获得相应的 Spring 容器资源。
Spring 中对beanFactory容器提供的 Aware 接口有：

BeanNameAware：注入当前 bean 对应 beanName；
BeanClassLoaderAware：注入加载当前 bean 的 ClassLoader；

BeanFactoryAware：注入当前BeanFactory容器的引用。

//org/springframework/context/support/ApplicationContextAwareProcessor.java
private void invokeAwareMethods(final String beanName, final Object bean) {
 if (bean instanceof Aware) {
     if (bean instanceof BeanNameAware) {
         ((BeanNameAware) bean).setBeanName(beanName);
     }
     if (bean instanceof BeanClassLoaderAware) {
         ClassLoader bcl = getBeanClassLoader();
         if (bcl != null) {
             ((BeanClassLoaderAware) bean).setBeanClassLoader(bcl);
         }
     }
     if (bean instanceof BeanFactoryAware) {
         ((BeanFactoryAware) bean).setBeanFactory(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.this);
     }
 }
}

Spring对ApplicationContext类型容器也提供了Aware接口，这些 Aware 接口的注入实现，是通过 BeanPostProcessor 的方式注入的，具体过程在beanPostProcessor中已经分析

EnvironmentAware：注入 Enviroment，一般用于获取配置属性；
EmbeddedValueResolverAware：注入 EmbeddedValueResolver（Spring EL解析器），一般用于参数解析；

ApplicationContextAware（ResourceLoader、ApplicationEventPublisherAware、MessageSourceAware）：注入 ApplicationContext 容器本身。

//org/springframework/context/support/ApplicationContextAwareProcessor.java
private void invokeAwareInterfaces(Object bean) {
 if (bean instanceof EnvironmentAware) {
     ((EnvironmentAware) bean).setEnvironment(this.applicationContext.getEnvironment());
 }
 if (bean instanceof EmbeddedValueResolverAware) {
     ((EmbeddedValueResolverAware) bean).setEmbeddedValueResolver(this.embeddedValueResolver);
 }
 if (bean instanceof ResourceLoaderAware) {
     ((ResourceLoaderAware) bean).setResourceLoader(this.applicationContext);
 }
 if (bean instanceof ApplicationEventPublisherAware) {
     ((ApplicationEventPublisherAware) bean).setApplicationEventPublisher(this.applicationContext);
 }
 if (bean instanceof MessageSourceAware) {
     ((MessageSourceAware) bean).setMessageSource(this.applicationContext);
 }
 if (bean instanceof ApplicationContextAware) {
     ((ApplicationContextAware) bean).setApplicationContext(this.applicationContext);
 }
}

参考文献

spring源码分析
spring容器的本质
https://spring.io/projects/spring-framework
factoryBean
beanPostProcessor 和beanFactoryPostProcessor
spring bean 生命周期

Spring容器概述
Spring 容器
applicationContext
beanFactory
初始化spring容器
tomcat启动后回调ContextLoaderListener启动spring容器
Spring容器启动过程
bean解析&注册
读取bean配置，转换成dom对象
dom对象解析成beanDefinition对象
beanDefinition对象注册到spring注册表
创建bean实例&初始化
创建bean实例
bean的初始化
扩展点
BeanPostProcessor
BeanFactoryPostProcessor
xxxAware接口
参考文献