python 例子二

os 获取文件目录 dirname，filename

#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
import sys
import os # --- 多种操作系统接口
# 导入的依赖特定操作系统的模块的名称。以下名称目前已注册: 'posix', 'nt', 'java'.
# POSIX 一般指可移植操作系统接口
# Windows os.name 返回 'nt'
# linux or mac 返回 'posix'
print(os.name)
# /Users/root/project/new-oms
print(os.getcwd())  # 获取当前工作目录路径
# /Users/root/project/new-oms
print(os.path.abspath('.'))  # 获取当前工作目录路径
# /Users/root/project/new-oms/test.txt
print(os.path.abspath('test.txt'))  # 获取当前目录文件下的工作目录路径
# /Users/root/project
print(os.path.abspath('..'))  # 获取当前工作的父目录 ！注意是父目录路径
# /Users/root/project/new-oms
print(os.path.abspath(os.curdir))  # 获取当前工作目录路径
# ./test/index.py
print(sys.argv[0])
# 当前目录的绝对路径
# /Users/root/project/new-oms/./test/index.py
__filename__ = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), sys.argv[0])
print(__filename__)
# /Users/root/project/new-oms/test/index.py
print(os.path.abspath(__filename__))
# _file__是当前执行的文件
# 获取当前文件__file__的路径，__filename__ = /Users/root/project/new-oms/test/index.py
print("__filename__=%s" % (os.path.realpath(__file__)))
# 获取当前文件__file__的所在目录，__dirname__ = /Users/root/project/new-oms/test
print("__dirname__=%s" % (os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))))
# 获取当前文件__file__的所在目录，__dirname__ = /Users/root/project/new-oms/test
print("__dirname__=%s" % (os.path.split(os.path.realpath(__file__))[0]))
print(__file__)  # ./test/index.py
print(os.uname())
# sysname - 操作系统名
# nodename - 机器在网络上的名称（需要先设定）
# release - 操作系统发行信息
# version - 操作系统版本信息
# machine - 硬件标识符
# posix.uname_result(sysname='Darwin', nodename='rootMacBook-Air.local', release='20.6.0',
# version='Darwin Kernel Version 20.6.0: Wed Jun 23 00:26:27 PDT 2021; root:xnu-7195.141.2~5/RELEASE_ARM64_T8101', machine='arm64')

爬虫小实践

#!/usr/bin/env python3
#-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
__author__ = '27510299@qq.com'
import urllib.request
def clear():
    '''该函数用于清屏'''
    print('内容较多，显示3秒后翻页')
    time.sleep(3)
    OS = platform.system()
    if (OS == 'Window'):
        os.system('cls')
    else:
        os.system('clear')
def linkHibobi():
    url = 'https://www.baidu.com'
    try:
        response = urllib.request.urlopen(url, timeout=3)
        result = response.read().decode('utf-8')
    except Exception as e:
        print("网络地址错误")
        exit()
    with open('hibobi.txt', 'w', encoding='utf8') as fp:
        fp.write(result)
    print("获取url信息：response.geturl(): %s" %response.geturl())
    print("获取返回代码：response.getcode(): %s" %response.getcode())
    print("获取返回信息：response.info(): %s" %response.info())
if __name__ == '__main__':
    linkHibobi()

2.爬虫小实践

#!/usr/bin/env python3
#-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
__author__ = '27510299@qq.com'
import urllib.request
import sys
import re
def testArgument():
    '''测试输入参数，只需要一个参数'''
    if len(sys.argv) != 2:
        print("只能有一个参数")
        tipUp()
        exit()
    else:
        TP = TestProxy(sys.argv[1])
def tipUp():
    '''显示提示信息'''
class TestProxy():
    '''这个类测试proxy是否有效'''
def clear():
    '''该函数用于清屏'''
    print('内容较多，显示3秒后翻页')
    time.sleep(3)
    OS = platform.system()
    if (OS == 'Window'):
        os.system('cls')
    else:
        os.system('clear')
def linkHibobi():
    url = 'https://www.baidu.com'
    try:
        response = urllib.request.urlopen(url, timeout=3)
        result = response.read().decode('utf-8')
    except Exception as e:
        print("网络地址错误")
        exit()
    with open('hibobi.txt', 'w', encoding='utf8') as fp:
        fp.write(result)
    print("获取url信息：response.geturl(): %s" %response.geturl())
    print("获取返回代码：response.getcode(): %s" %response.getcode())
    print("获取返回信息：response.info(): %s" %response.info())
if __name__ == '__main__':
    linkHibobi()