一、谓语构成:have /has + done(过去分词)

has的主语必须为单三,剩下的都用have

含义
①过去发生的动作,对现在造成的影响和结果
②一个是过去发生的动作一直持续到现在

二、时间状语

:::success

  1. already (早先,已经)

  2. before 以前,在….之前

  3. recently (最近的,进来)

  4. lately近来,不久前

  5. yet (还)

  6. 次数

  7. ever ( 永远;曾经;究竟)

  8. never (曾经)

  9. in / (during) the past /(last) few years (在过去的几年)

  10. for + 时间段

  11. since + 时间点

  12. over there years.(近些年来) —-> over +时间段 现完

  13. so far = 14.up to now =15.by now (到目前为止) ::: 只要在句子里看到这些时间状语,就可以使用现在完成时态

注意: 看到这些时间状语,我们选择have/has done的形式 ,如果选项中没有现在完成时,也可以选have/has being doing(现在完成进行时)

重点讲解before的区分

英语语法5:现在完成时态⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ - 图1

late 考点扩充:

英语语法5:现在完成时态⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ - 图2

次数的应用:

:::success

  1. This/it is + 第几次 + that ……have/has done ……..
  2. This/it was + 第几次 + that………

第一次 : the first time
第二次:the second time
第三次:the third time :::

since的几种用法

:::success for + 时间段 for 5 year. (过去分词 have/has done)
since + 时间点 since 5 years age.

  1. has/have done(一般过去式)_ since 2006(时间)
  2. _have/has done(现在完成时) sinece xxxxx(句子后为)did(一般过去时)
  3. Since did(过去时态)_,have/has done(现在完成时态) :::

【例题】 :::info 【2008-1】1.John and I have been_friends for 8 years.

A.am B.is C.are D.have been

分析 时间状语 (for)+ 一段时间 (8 years),时间状语

and 连词,前后形式保存一致 Jone 和 I 主语,主格形式。

:::

:::info 【2003-3】2. Shehas learned_ English since she was a child

A.learning B. had learned C. is learnig D.has learned

分析 考点:现在完成时 时间状语 since , **has/have done_ since + 一段时间** ,主语为第三人称单数 She,所以用has :::

:::info 【2001-3】3. It_has been30 years since I graduated from college.(2001-9)
A.was B. has been C. is D.had been

分析 时间状语since,用一般过去时态,谓语用现在完成时has\have done ,谓语前面主语为第三人称单数 it 用has :::

:::info

  1. I am sure that I saw_her 4 years ago.

    A.have seen B. saw C. had seen D.will see

分析 本句没有出现现在完成时态的任意时间状语,只出现单独出现的ago ,为一般过去式,用一般过去式 see 是原形,过去式是saw
如果ago变为 before 则用现在完成时

考点:都表示之前
① ago 单独出现,用一般过去式:did
② since + 时间段 ago:现在完成时 have/has done
③ before: 现在完成时 has/have done :::

:::info

  1. Jimmy said that he would come to pick me up, but hehasn’t turned upby now.

A.hasn’t turned up B.doesn’t turn up C. won’t turn up D.hadn’t turned up

翻译:吉米说他将会去车站接我,但到现在我也没见到他

pick sb up. 接某人
pick up .+ 语言/ 技能
turn up. 出现 调高音量
turn down. 拒绝 调低音量
turn on. 打开电器
turn off. 关闭开关

分析 时间状语by now 到目前为止,典型的现在完成时态的时间状语,用现在完成时态谓语前主语为第三人称单数he,用has done且变为否定形式,hasn’t turned up :::

:::info

  1. Youhave met a lot of progress since I __you last time.

A.will make; have met B.have made ,met C. had made,met D.have made, meeting

翻译:自从上次,我遇到你,你已经取得很大的进步了。

make progress. 取得进步

分析 时间状语since. _have/has done sinece xxxxx(句子)__did **_ 前面用现在完成时,后面用过去式
谓语前面主语为第二人称You,用have done; 后面用过去式did
meet过去式met**

:::

复数 makes 第三人称单数 makes 现在分词 making 过去式 made 过去分词 made

:::info

  1. So far his famliyhasn’t heard_from him for six months.

A.didn’t hear B.isn’t hearing C. hasn’t heard D.hadn’t heard

翻译:

分析 时间状语So far 到目前为止,for + 时间段 现在完成时,用现在时完成时态 ,第三人称单数his用has否定形式 hear过去式done heard

  1. Mr.Grant__in Hanagzhou since 2006. He loves this city. (2017-16)

A.has been living B.lived C. will be living D.will have been living.

翻译:自从上次,我遇到你,你已经取得很大的进步了。

分析 时间状语have\has done + since + 时间点 而没有但应为has livied,但是没有,所以要用如果选项中没有现在完成时,也可以选have/has being doing(现在完成进行时) :::

:::info

  1. Tom and I __friends since we __children.(2017-28 专英)

A. are/were B.were/have been C.have been/are D.have been / were

翻译:我们是孩童的时候,汤姆和我就是朋友了
分析 时间状语 since 在中间 则为 have/had done ……since…….did 型
主格I 为第一人称单数用have 后面用were :::

:::info

  1. We came to England in 1995 and have lived__here ever since.

    A. had lived
    B. have been lived
    C.have lived
    D. lived

翻译:我们1995年来到英国,从那以后一直住在这里。

分析 时间状语 since (看见since用现在完成时) :::

重要句型⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐

  1. It / This is one of +the (adj)最高级 +名词 +that +主语+have done (现在完成时态)

  2. It / This is the only one of the 最高级 +名词复数 + that + has done(过去完成时态)

:::info 1.This is one of the longest bridges that _over the Changjing river.

A.is ever bulit B.are ever bulit C.have ever been bulit D.have ever bulit

bridges. 桥
built.建筑

分析This is one of +the 最高级 +名词复数 +that +have done (现在完成时态) C.have ever been bulit D.have ever bulit
C. have ever been bulit 多个 been 表被动
D.have ever bulit 没有been 表主动

桥和修建主句是被动关系,桥被修建及have been bulit :::

:::info 2.He is the only one of the most hard-working students_willing to finish the homework on time.

A. who have been B. that are C. that has been D. who is

hard-working. (diligent)努力的勤奋的
willing:
be willing to do sth. 愿意做某事.
be unwilling to do sth.(be rectant to do sth)不愿意做某事.

分析 It / This is the only one of the 最高级 +名词复数 + that + has done(现在完成时态) B. that are C. that has been

现在完成时态不能用are,所以为 C that has been

桥和修建主句是被动关系,桥被修建及have been bulit :::