一、状语从句概述


定义:


在主从复合句中由从句所作的状语称为状语从句,它可以用来修饰动词形容词、或是整个句子。**

学习方法:


1.准确掌握每一个连词的含义是掌握状语从句的关键。

2.同时要注意从句的时态呼应。
主句和从句的时态是不一样的,如 If 引导的条件状语从句,它对时态的要求是非常的严格,从句里面使用的一般现在时(Ifdo/does_,主句一般将来时)构成主将从现,还有
sincedid__,have done等等

状语从句的八大分类

时间状语从句
地点状语从句
原因状语从句
目的状语从句
结果状语从句
条件状语从句
方式状语从句
让步状语从句

1. 时间状语从句

(1)the moment = as soon as .** 一…….就
英语语法23:状语从句 - 图1
例句 :::info 1. —-Did you remeber to give Mary the money you owed her ?

—-Yes , I** gave her the moment I saw** her.

owed 欠

—- 你记得把你欠玛丽的钱给她吗?
—- 是的,我一见到她就给了她。

分析在时间状语从句the moment. 前后都使用的是一般过去式 ,说明发生在过去 :::

(2)**No sooner (否定词,后跟than) ….. than…… = hardly (否定词,后跟 when)……. when** …….. 一……就……
:::warning 考点:

(1)意思
(2)固定搭配
(3)No sooner 和 hardly 都是否定词,放于句首的话还要进行半倒装
(4)状语从句前后的时态可能会比较特殊 …… than ……,…….when……, than,when前后空格的时态

1.No sooner had sb done …….than……..did**……
① ② ③
考点① had 为助动词放在了主语sb前面;
考点②固定搭配No soon…..than
考点③than后面跟过去式did
考点④意思:一……就…. 先发生前面的had sb done 再发生后面的

2.Hardly had sb done……. when……. **did
① ② ③

3.Scarcely had sb done…… when …….. did…….

:::


例句:

:::info 1. No sooner had I been seated than the telephone rang. = Hardly had I been seated when the telephone rang.**

我刚坐下,电话就响了。

分析No sooner **had sb done …….than……..did**…… :::

(3) not …..until …… 直到…..才……


:::info 1. 汉译英:他直到完成工作才离开办公室

He did**n’t leave the office until** he finished the work.

Not until he finished the work did he leave the office.

两个句子,后面第二个进行半倒装

分析No sooner **had sb done …….than……..did**…… :::

(4)before——在…..之前
before 后面为过去完成的时间,主语用did; before + 主语为过去的时间 + did

:::info 汉译英:飞机起飞之前,乘客已经到达机场。

Passengers** had arrived at the ariport before the plane took off**.

分析 had done+ before + 主语为did :::

(5) since
自从 :::warning sincedid,have/has done
_**have/has done_ sicedid_ ::: :::info 1. 汉译英:自从大学毕业,我在也没有回过那里。


I **have never been there again since I graduated** from the university.

分析since 后面为过去式,前面用一般过去式 :::

英语语法23:状语从句 - 图2

2.条件状语从句

if的考点if的考点

英语语法23:状语从句 - 图3 :::info 汉译英:如果明天下暴雪,航班将会取消;

If it snows heavily tomorrow,the flight will be cancelled.

分析下暴雪这个事情是及可能实现的,用主将从现 :::

(2) unless——-如果不,除非 = if not

:::info 汉译英:我们不会按时到达那里,除非我们预定最早的航班。

We won’t(will not) arrive there on time,unless we book/reserve the earliest flight.

分析 主将从先 :::

(3)as long as. 只要
** :::warning 扩展:

  1. as soon as. 一…..就
  2. as well as……. 和——> 主谓——-> 就远原则
  3. as long as . 只要
  4. as far as + 就在 :::
    :::info 汉译英:只要我们一直努力,我们将会成功

    As long as we keep working hard we will successed.
    We will succeed as long as we keep working hard.**

分析 主将从先 :::
(4) as far as. + 句子 (不可单独使用)
英语语法23:状语从句 - 图4** :::info

  1. As far as I know, he speaks English very well.

据我所知,他英语说得很好。

  1. **As far as I am concerned, this is the only effective solution to the problem.

就我而言,这是解决问题的唯一有效方法。

effective. 有效的 , 近义词 efficient 高效的
solution. 解决办法 :::


(5)provided (that) = providing (that) = supposing. 假设


:::info 1. The plane will be in good condition provided that it is taken care of carefully.

in good condition. 状态非常好

只要小心保养,飞机就会处于良好状态。 :::

(6) on condition that 条件是

:::info 1. He said that he would come to the meeting **on condition that** no one asked him to speak.

他说他会来参加会议,条件是没有人要求他发言。
:::