一、状语从句概述
定义:
在主从复合句中由从句所作的状语称为状语从句,它可以用来修饰动词、形容词、或是整个句子。**
学习方法:
1.准确掌握每一个连词的含义是掌握状语从句的关键。
2.同时要注意从句的时态呼应。
主句和从句的时态是不一样的,如 If 引导的条件状语从句,它对时态的要求是非常的严格,从句里面使用的一般现在时(Ifdo/does_,主句一般将来时)构成主将从现,还有
sincedid__,have done等等
状语从句的八大分类
时间状语从句
地点状语从句
原因状语从句
目的状语从句
结果状语从句
条件状语从句
方式状语从句
让步状语从句
1. 时间状语从句
(1)the moment = as soon as .** 一…….就
例句
:::info
1. —-Did you remeber to give Mary the money you owed her ?
—-Yes , I** gave her the moment I saw** her.
owed 欠
—- 你记得把你欠玛丽的钱给她吗?
—- 是的,我一见到她就给了她。
分析在时间状语从句the moment. 前后都使用的是一般过去式 ,说明发生在过去 :::
(2)**No sooner (否定词,后跟than) ….. than…… = hardly (否定词,后跟 when)……. when** …….. 一……就……
:::warning
考点:
(1)意思
(2)固定搭配
(3)No sooner 和 hardly 都是否定词,放于句首的话还要进行半倒装
(4)状语从句前后的时态可能会比较特殊 …… than ……,…….when……, than,when前后空格的时态
1.No sooner had sb done …….than……..did**……
① ② ③
考点① had 为助动词放在了主语sb前面;
考点②固定搭配No soon…..than
考点③than后面跟过去式did
考点④意思:一……就…. 先发生前面的had sb done 再发生后面的
2.Hardly had sb done……. when……. **did
① ② ③
3.Scarcely had sb done…… when …….. did…….
:::
例句:
:::info
1. No sooner had I been seated than the telephone rang. = Hardly had I been seated when the telephone rang.**
我刚坐下,电话就响了。
分析No sooner **had sb done …….than……..did**…… :::
(3) not …..until …… 直到…..才……
:::info
1. 汉译英:他直到完成工作才离开办公室
He did**n’t leave the office until** he finished the work.
Not until he finished the work did he leave the office.
两个句子,后面第二个进行半倒装
分析No sooner **had sb done …….than……..did**…… :::
(4)before——在…..之前
before 后面为过去完成的时间,主语用did; before + 主语为过去的时间 + did
:::info
汉译英:飞机起飞之前,乘客已经到达机场。
Passengers** had arrived at the ariport before the plane took off**.
分析 had done+ before + 主语为did :::
(5) since
自从
:::warning
sincedid,have/has done
_**have/has done_ sicedid_
:::
:::info
1. 汉译英:自从大学毕业,我在也没有回过那里。
I **have never been there again since I graduated** from the university.
分析since 后面为过去式,前面用一般过去式 :::
2.条件状语从句
if的考点if的考点
:::info
汉译英:如果明天下暴雪,航班将会取消;
If it snows heavily tomorrow,the flight will be cancelled.
(2) unless——-如果不,除非 = if not
:::info
汉译英:我们不会按时到达那里,除非我们预定最早的航班。
We won’t(will not) arrive there on time,unless we book/reserve the earliest flight.
分析 主将从先
:::
(3)as long as. 只要
**
:::warning
扩展:
- as soon as. 一…..就
- as well as……. 和——> 主谓——-> 就远原则
- as long as . 只要
- as far as + 就在
:::
:::info 汉译英:只要我们一直努力,我们将会成功
As long as we keep working hard we will successed.
We will succeed as long as we keep working hard.**
分析 主将从先
:::
(4) as far as. + 句子 (不可单独使用)
**
:::info
- As far as I know, he speaks English very well.
据我所知,他英语说得很好。
- **As far as I am concerned, this is the only effective solution to the problem.
就我而言,这是解决问题的唯一有效方法。
effective. 有效的 , 近义词 efficient 高效的
solution. 解决办法
:::
(5)provided (that) = providing (that) = supposing. 假设
:::info
1. The plane will be in good condition provided that it is taken care of carefully.
in good condition. 状态非常好
只要小心保养,飞机就会处于良好状态。 :::
(6) on condition that 条件是
:::info
1. He said that he would come to the meeting **on condition that** no one asked him to speak.
他说他会来参加会议,条件是没有人要求他发言。
:::