第一部分

psychology　［saɪˈkɒləʤi］

n. 心理学；心理
例 Mental illness is only one part of psychology.
精神疾病只是心理学的一部分。
联 psychological adj. 心理（上）的；psychologist n. 心理学者

pump　［ˈpʌmp］

n. 泵
例 As the handle is pushed down, the pump moves upward pulling water up through the valve.
推下手柄后，水泵上升，通过阀门将水抽上来。
vt.（用泵）抽（水），抽吸〈同 draw〉
例 She pumped water from the barrel.
她从桶里抽水。

punctual　［ˈpʌŋktjʊəl］

adj. 按时的，准时的〈同 prompt〉
例 She is punctual to the minute.
她非常准时。
联 punctuality n. 守时

purchase　［ˈpɜːtʃəs］

n./vt. 买，购买〈同 buy〉
例 To be eligible for the lower fare, you must purchase your tickets 21 days in advance.
要想有资格获得更低的票价，你必须提前21天买票。

purple　［ˈpɜːpəl］

n./adj. 紫色（的）
例 The early morning sun cast deep purple shadows.
清晨初升的太阳投射出深紫色的阴影。

pursue　［pəˈsjuː; (US)pəˈsuː］

v. ① 追赶，追捕〈同 chase〉
例 The thief was pursued by the policeman.
小偷后面有警察在追赶。
② 追求，不断努力以取得〈同 go on with〉
例 Janet pursued her studies even after her marriage.
珍妮特即使在结婚之后也坚持继续深造。
联 pursuer n. 追捕者

puzzle　［ˈpʌzəl］

n. 难题；谜〈同 enigma〉
例 How to get all my things into one trunk is a puzzle.
如何把我所有的东西全放进一个行李箱里，这是一个难题。
联 puzzling adj. 令人迷惑的

qualified　［ˈkwɒlɪfaɪd］

adj. 合格的〈同 competent〉
例 A qualified airplane pilot must have good eyesight and hold a license to fly.
一位合格的飞机驾驶员必须有良好的视力，并持有飞行执照。
联 qualification n. 资格，条件

quality　［ˈkwɒləti］

n. 质量；品质，性质〈同 characteristic〉
例 Look for quality rather than quantity.
要注重质量，而不是数量。

quarter　［ˈkwɔːtə(r)］

n. 四分之一〈同 fourth〉
例 A quarter of a century is 25 years.
一个世纪的四分之一是25年。
联 quarterly adv. 每季地；一年四次地

第二部分

quit　［kwɪt］

vt. 离开，放弃；辞职〈同 stop doing; resign〉
例 Would you quit your job if you inherited lots of money?
如果你继承了一大笔钱，你会辞掉工作吗？

quote　［kwəʊt］

v. ① 引用，引证〈同 cite〉
例 Our teacher often quotes Shakespeare in class.
我们的老师经常在讲课时引用莎士比亚的作品。
② 报（价）
例 The architect has quoted ￡3,000,000 to build a mansion.
这位建筑师建一栋大厦的报价是300万英镑。

race　［reɪs］

n. ① 种族〈同 ethnic group〉
例 Discrimination on grounds of race should not be allowed.
基于种族方面的歧视应该被禁止。
② 比赛，竞赛〈同 contest〉
例 The Oxford and Cambridge boat race takes place on the River Thames every year.
牛津与剑桥的划船比赛每年都在泰晤士河上举行。

rack　［ræk］

n. 搁物架〈同 shelf〉
例 Racks of clothing at the store were emptied during the Christmas sale.
在圣诞节大减价期间，这家商店里一货架一货架的衣服都被抢购一空。
vt. 使痛苦〈同 cause pain〉
例 As soon as he returned from the playing field, his whole body was racked with pain.
他刚从赛场回来，整个身体就开始感到疼痛。

radioactive　［ˌreɪdɪəʊˈæktɪv］

adj. 放射性的；有辐射能的
例 Radium, uranium, and thorium are radioactive metallic elements.
镭、铀和钍都属于放射性金属元素。

radius　［ˈreɪdɪəs］

n. 半径；范围
例 The explosion was heard within a radius of four miles.
在四英里的范围内都能听到这个爆炸声。

rail　［reɪl］

n. 轨道；铁路
例 Rail passengers are complaining about the recent increase in rail fares.
铁路乘客在抱怨最近铁路票价上涨的事。
v. 责备；抱怨〈同 complain〉
例 He railed against the injustices of the system.
他抱怨体制的不公。
联 railroad n. 铁路；rail-motor adj. 铁路公路联运的；railbus n. 有轨（公共）汽车；railcar n. 铁路车；有轨车

raise　［reɪz］

vt. ① 举起；增长〈同 lift up〉
例 Children in school raise their hands to answer a question.
在学校里，孩子们举手回答问题。
② 饲养；养育〈同 bring up〉
例 She was raised by her aunt in London.
她是由姑姑在伦敦养大的。
③ 筹集（资金)〈同 collect〉
例 I raised a loan for my sister’s wedding.
我为姐姐的婚礼借了一笔钱。

range　［reɪnʤ］

n. 行列；范围〈同 limit〉
例 The temperature range was between eight and twelve degrees.
温度范围在8度至12度之间。

rare　［rɛə(r)］

adj. 稀有的〈同 scarce〉
例 Many gardeners have become interested in the propagation of rare seeds, in order to keep old strains from disappearing.
为了避免古老植物品种的消失，许多园艺师开始对稀有种子的繁殖感兴趣。
联 rarefy vt. 使稀少，使稀薄；vi. 变得稀少；rarely adv. 很少地，罕有地

第三部分

rather　［ˈrɑːðə; (US)ˈræðər］

adv. ① 宁愿，宁可〈同 more readily〉
例 I would rather go today than tomorrow.
我更愿意今天去而不是明天去。
② 有点，相当〈同 somewhat〉
例 The dress was rather more expensive than I was expecting it would be, so I didn’t buy it.
那条裙子的价格比我预期的高多了，所以我没买。

ratio　［ˈreɪʃɪəʊ］

n. 比，比率
例 The ratio of 10 to 3 is written as 10:3.
10比3，写出来就是10:3。

rational　［ˈræʃənəl］

adj. 理性的；合理的〈同 logical〉
例 It isn’t rational to walk barefoot in the snow.
光着脚在雪中走是不理性的。
联 rationale n. 基本原理；rationality n. 合理性；rationalize v.（使）合理化

raw　［rɔː］

adj. 生的，未加工的〈同 uncooked〉
例 Raw milk has not been pasteurized.
生鲜牛奶没有经过巴氏灭菌。

react　［riːˈækt］

v.（使）起反应，（使）起作用〈同 take effect〉
例 Many people react badly to penicillin.
许多人注射青霉素会有不良反应。
联 reaction n. 反应；反作用

realm　［relm］

n. 王国；领域〈同 kingdom〉
例 Lu Xun is well-known worldwide in the realm of literature.
鲁迅在文学界全球知名。

rear　［rɪə(r)］

vt. 培养，饲养〈同 raise〉
例 The mother swallow reared her children until they could fly on their own.
燕子妈妈会一直抚养孩子，直到它们能够独立飞行。
n. 后面〈同 back〉
例 The rear of the bus is the most uncomfortable part.
公交车后排座位是最不舒服的地方。

reasonable　［ˈriːzənəbəl］

adj. 合理的；讲道理的，通情达理的〈同 sensible〉
例 If you tell him what happened I’m sure he’ll understand—he’s a reasonable man.
如果你告诉他发生了什么，我敢肯定他会理解的——他是个通情达理的人。

rebel　［ˈrebəl]

n. 反叛者；叛徒
例 The prime minister left the capital after learning that the rebels were planning an imminent attack.
首相在得知反叛者正在预谋发动的袭击即将来临之后，便离开了首都。

rebel　［rɪˈbel]

vi. 谋反，造反〈同 revolt〉
例 The people rebelled when bread prices tripled again.
当面包价格再次涨至三倍时，人们便开始造反。
联 rebellion n. 谋反，叛乱；rebellious adj. 造反的，反叛的

recall　［rɪˈkɔːl］

vt. 回忆起；记得〈同 remember〉
例 The victim was asked to recall what happened to him the day he was robbed.
受害者被要求回忆自己被抢当天都发生了什么。

第四部分

receipt　［rɪˈsiːt］

n. ① 收据
例 I need all your receipts so that I can verify the bill for the work.
我需要你的所有收据，这样我就可以核对公费账单了。
② 收到例 On receipt of the news he went home.
一收到这个消息，他就回家了。
联 receptive adj. 善于接受的，能接纳的；recipient n. 接受者

reception　［rɪˈsepʃən］

n. ① 接待；招待会；欢迎会
例 Our school gave a reception for our new principal.
我们学校为新任校长举办了一场欢迎会。
② 接收
例 The reception was poor because we were so far from the transmitter.
信号接收不良，因为我们离发射机太远了。
联 receptionist n. 接待员

recommend　［ˌrekəˈmend］

vt. ① 推荐〈同 suggest〉
例 The waiter recommended that we eat the lobster.
服务员建议我们吃龙虾。
② 劝告〈同 advise〉
例 The doctor recommended that the patient stay in bed.
医生建议患者卧床休息。
联 recommendation n. 推荐；介绍（信）

refer　［rɪˈfɜː(r)］

v. ① 提交（to）〈同 hand over〉
例 Let’s refer the dispute to the manager.
我们把争议提交给经理吧。
② 查阅，参考（to）
例 A person refers to a dictionary to find the meaning of words.
人们通过查词典来获知单词的意思。
联 reference n. 参考

refined　［rɪˈfaɪnd］

adj. ① 优雅的〈同 elegant〉
例 A photographer encouraged her to become a model because of her slim figure and refined features.
一位摄影师鼓励她成为一名模特，因为她身材苗条，气质优雅。
② 精制的〈同 purified〉
例 To obtain pure lead, the lead ore is mined, then smelted, and finally refined.
为了获得纯铅，需要对铅矿进行开采，接着是冶炼，并在最后进行精炼。
联 refinement n.（言谈、举止等的）文雅，精巧；refinery n. 精炼厂

reflection　［rɪˈflekʃən］

n. 反映〈同 expression〉
例 Your tone of voice is a reflection of your attitude.
你的语调反映了你的态度。

refresh　［rɪˈfreʃ］

v.（使）精神振作，（使）精力恢复；更新〈同 renew〉
例 His bath refreshed him.
他洗完澡后精神焕发。
联 refreshing adj. 提神的；使人清爽的

regarding　［rɪˈɡɑːdɪŋ］

prep. 关于〈同 concerning〉
例 The company is being questioned regarding its employment policy.
公司因其雇佣政策而受到质疑。

register　［ˈreʤɪstə(r)］

n./v. 登记〈同 record〉
例 Citizens must register before they can vote.
公民在投票之前必须进行登记。

regulate　［ˈreɡjʊleɪt］

vt. ① 管制，控制〈同 direct〉
例 The government regulates the coining of money.
铸币由政府管控。
② 调节；校准〈同 adjust〉
例 My watch is losing time; I have to have it regulated.
我的表走得慢了；我得校准一下。
联 regulation n. 规则；规章