第一部分

abandon [əˈbændən]

vt. 抛弃;放弃〈同 desert〉
例 The baby was abandoned by his teenage mother.
那个婴儿被他的未婚妈妈遗弃了。
n. 放纵〈同 unrestraint〉
例 The guests at the party danced with abandon.
聚会上的客人们尽情地跳舞。
联 abandonment n. 抛弃;放弃

abroad [əˈbrɔːd]

adv./adj. 在国外(的),海外(的)〈同 overseas〉
例 More people are going abroad for vacations.
越来越多的人去国外度假。

absorb [əbˈzɔːb]

vt. 吸收(液体、知识等)〈同 take in〉
例 Almost all living things absorb oxygen.
几乎一切有生命的东西都吸收氧气。
联 absorption n. 吸收;absorbed adj. 全神贯注的,一心一意的;absorbent adj. 能吸收的 n. 吸收剂

abstract [ˈæbstrækt]

vt. 摘要,提炼〈同 summarize〉
例 I abstracted the main idea of his science report.
我概括出了他的科学报告的主要观点。
n. 摘要〈同 summary〉
例 The abstract of the conference last week was distributed before the meeting to all the members.
上周会议的摘要已于开会之前分发给所有成员。
adj. 抽象的〈同 theoretical〉
例 His abstract ideas were not easily understood by many people.
许多人很难理解他抽象的想法。
联 abstraction n. 抽象概念

abundant [əˈbʌndənt]

adj. 丰富的,充裕的;大量的〈同 plentiful〉
例 In recent years, an abundant number of complaints have disturbed the telephone company.
最近几年,大量的投诉让电话公司不堪其扰。
联 abundance n. 丰富,充裕;abound vi. 丰富;盛产

abuse [əˈbjuːs]

n.(权力等的) 滥用;(物品的) 不精心使用;虐待(人)〈同 misuse〉
例 An abuse of authority by the manager led to disagreement among the members.
管理者滥用职权造成了成员之间的分歧。
联 abusive adj. 滥用的;谩骂的

academic [ˌækəˈdemɪk]

adj. 学术的;学院的;理论的〈同 collegiate, scholastic〉
例 Like other academic disciplines, sociology has several major subdisciplines.
与其他学科一样,社会学有几个主要分支。
联 academician n. 学会会员;院士;学者;academy n.(高等) 专科院校;研究院;学院

accelerate [əkˈseləreɪt]

v. 加快,加速〈同 speed up〉
例 The car accelerated as it went past me.
那辆车在经过我时加速了。
联 acceleration n. 加速度

access [ˈækses]

n. ① 接触;接近(的机会)〈同 approach〉
例 Students must have access to a good teacher.
学生必须有个好老师。
② 入口,通道〈同 entrance〉
例 The only access to this building is through those pipes.
进入这栋建筑的唯一通道是那些管道。
联 accessible adj. 可接近的,可接触的;可得到的;accessibility n. 易接近;可到达

accommodation [əˌkɒməˈdeɪʃən]

n. 住处,膳宿〈同 lodging〉
例 I am searching for temporary accommodation in this new city.
我正在这座新城市里寻找临时住所。

第二部分

accompany [əˈkʌmpəni]

vt. 陪伴,陪同;伴奏〈同 be associated with〉
例 She was accompanied by her son.
她有自己的儿子陪着。
联 accompanying adj. 陪伴的,附随的;accompaniment n. 伴奏;伴随物

accomplish [əˈkʌmplɪʃ]

vt. 完成,达到,实现〈同 finish, achieve〉
例 To accomplish your plans to study abroad in England, you must first take the IELTS exam.
要实现去英国出国留学的计划,你首先必须参加雅思考试。
联 accomplished adj. 精通的,熟练的;accomplishment n. 成就

accord [əˈkɔːd]

n. 同意〈同 agreement〉
例 She was in complete accord with the verdict.
她完全服从判决。

according [əˈkɔːdɪŋ]

adv. 依照(to)〈同 as stated by〉
例 She gets paid according to the number of hours she works.
她按工作的小时获得报酬。

account [əˈkaʊnt]

n. ① 说明,解释〈同 description〉
例 She wrote an account of all her travels in Europe in her diary.
她在日记中记述了自己在欧洲旅行的所有见闻。
② 户头;账目
例 The new law requires a personal ID to open any accounts at a bank.
新法律要求在银行开立账户时必须出具个人身份证明。
v. 解释(for)〈同 explain〉
例 He accounted for the missing items as lost.
他解释称那些不见的物品丢失了。
联 accounting n. 会计学;记账;accountant n. 会计;会计师

accumulate [əˈkjuːmjʊleɪt]

vi. 堆积,积聚;积累〈同 pile up; collect〉
例 Dust and dirt soon accumulate if a library is not cleaned daily.
如果不天天打扫图书馆,灰尘很快就会越积越多。
联 accumulative adj. 积聚的,累积的;accumulation n. 积聚

accuse [əˈkjuːz]

v. 指责,归咎〈同 blame〉
例 Janet’s boyfriend accused her of lying.
珍妮特的男朋友指责她撒谎。
联 accusation n. 谴责;控告

accustomed [əˈkʌstəmd]

adj. 习惯了的(to)
例 It took a long time for me to get accustomed to the fast food in America, but now I can’t live without it!
我花了很长时间才习惯了美国的快餐,可现在如果没有快餐,我都活不下去了!

achieve [əˈtʃiːv]

vt. 完成,实现 vi. 如愿以偿〈同 win, accomplish〉
例 Kermit achieved his dream of marrying Miss Piggy.
克米特终于实现了娶佩姬小姐为妻的梦想。
联 achievement n. 成就,功绩

acknowledge [əkˈnɒlɪʤ]

vt. 承认〈同 admit〉
例 The experts reluctantly acknowledged that their estimate of food costs was not accurate.
专家们不情愿地承认,他们对食品成本的估算并不准确。
联 acknowledgement n. 承认;确认;acknowledged adj. 公认的

第三部分

acquaintance [əˈkweɪntəns]

n. 熟人
例 We are acquaintances and talk frequently.
我们是熟人,经常在一起聊天。
联 acquaint vt. 使熟知;了解;(be) acquainted with 熟悉

acquisition [ˌækwɪˈzɪʃən]

n. 得到,获得〈同 acquirement〉
例 The stockbroker made an acquisition of the future price of the stock based on its historical growth patterns.
股票经纪人根据股票的历史增长趋势,获得股票的未来价格。
联 acquire vt. 获得;学到

adapt [əˈdæpt]

v.(使)适应,调整;改编〈同 adjust; modify〉
例 After moving to Harbin, Janet adapted to the cold weather.
珍妮特在搬到哈尔滨之后,适应了寒冷的天气。
联 adaptable adj. 能适应的,适应性强的;adaptation n. 改编,改写;适应环境;adaptive adj. 适合的;适应的

adequate [ˈædɪkwət]

adj. 足够的,充足的〈同 sufficient〉
例 I bought four bottles of water for our camping trip and I hope it is adequate.
我为露营买了四瓶水,希望这些已经足够了。
联 inadequate adj. 不充分的;不适当的

administration [ədˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən]

n. ① 管理,经营〈同 supervision〉
例 Headmasters are more involved in administration than in actual teaching.
校长大部分的工作是行政管理,而不是实际教学。
②(政府) 行政机关;执行〈同 executive〉
例 The school administration met to decide on a new school policy.
学校管理委员会召开会议,来确定学校的一项新政策。
联 administrative adj. 管理的;行政的;administrator n. 管理者;行政官;administer v. 管理;执行

adopt [əˈdɒpt]

vt. ① 采用,采纳〈同 accept〉
例 The company adopted new policies regarding maternity leave.
公司采取了新的产假政策。
② 收养〈同 raise〉
例 The Browns adopted the baby when she was just three months old.
布朗家在这个婴儿三个月大时就收养了她。
联 adoption n. 采用;收养

affection [əˈfekʃən]

n. 友爱;挚爱;情爱〈同 fondness〉
例 Janet felt great affection for her parents only.
珍妮特只跟她的父母有很深的感情。
联 affective adj. 感情的;表达感情的;affectionate adj. 亲爱的,挚爱的

afford [əˈfɔːd]

vt. ① 付得起;冒险做〈同 pay; risk〉
例 I was going to buy a diamond necklace as a birthday gift for Sally but couldn’t afford it so I bought her an artificial one.
我本来想买一条钻石项链,作为送给萨莉的生日礼物,但我买不起,所以我给她买了一条假的。
② 提供〈同 provide〉
例 Her seat afforded her a beautiful view of the stage.
她的座位让她可以清楚地看到整个舞台。
联 affordable adj. 负担得起的

agent [ˈeɪʤənt]

n. 代理(商)
例 David worked as a travel agent.
大卫曾经是一名旅行社代理人。
联 agency n. 代理处;中介

aggressive [əˈɡresɪv]

adj. ① 有进取心的〈同 enterprising〉
例 His victory was largely a result of his aggressive election campaign.
他的胜利很大程度上源自他积极的竞选活动。
② 好斗的,有敌意的〈同 combative, hostile〉
例 The country made an aggressive attack on a neighboring nation.
这个国家主动攻击了邻国。
联 aggressiveness n. 侵略性;竞争能力;aggression n. 侵略,攻击

第四部分

aim [eɪm]

n. 目标,计划〈同 objective, object〉
例 His aim is to win this game, whatever it takes.
他的目标是,不计一切代价赢得这场比赛。
vi. 针对;打算,意欲;瞄准;致力于(at)〈同 direct towards〉
例 These advertisements are specifically aimed at young people.
这些广告专门针对年轻人(设计的)。

alarm [əˈlɑːm]

vt. 使惊恐;警告〈同 frighten〉
例 I was alarmed by the reports of her disappearance.
她失踪的报道,让我大吃一惊。

alert [əˈlɜːt]

adj. 机敏的〈同 vigilant〉
例 Although he was almost ninety years old, he was still active and alert.
虽然快要九十岁了,但他依然非常活跃和机敏。
vt. 向…发出警报;使认识到〈同 warn, alarm〉
例 Direct mail advertising serves to acquaint customers with products and alert them to new opportunities.
直接邮寄广告可以让消费者熟悉产品,并提醒消费者有新的购买机会。

alliance [əˈlaɪəns]

n. 联盟,同盟〈同 union〉
例 We are going to form a broad alliance among all groups and individuals sincerely interested in building a better city.
我们将为那些对建设更好的城市真心感兴趣的组织和个人建立广泛的联盟。

alloy [ˈælɔɪ]

n. 合金〈同 metal〉
例 The factory used a special metal alloy for building light car parts.
这家工厂使用一种特殊的金属合金制作轻型汽车零部件。
v. 使成合金〈同 mix〉
例 Copper is commonly alloyed with zinc to make brass.
铜通常与锌组成合金,形成黄铜。

ally [ˈælaɪ]

n. 联盟;同盟者〈同 confederate; partner〉
例 The two allies teamed up together to fight their enemies.
这两个同盟国联合起来对抗敌人。
v. 结盟〈同 combine〉
例 I refuse to ally myself to that mob.
我拒绝与那个暴徒结成同盟。

alongside  [əˌlɒŋˈsaɪd]

adv. 在…的旁边〈同 next to〉
例 The new pill will be used alongside existing medicines.
那种新药将与现有的药物一起使用。

alter [ˈɔːltə(r)]

v. 改变,修改〈同 modify〉
例 The company will need to alter its business strategy to become more competitive next year.
公司必须修改其经营策略,才能在明年更具竞争力。
联 alteration n. 变更,改造

alternative [ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪv]

adj.(两种或两种以上的东西中) 另一可选用的;供选择的〈同 optional〉
例 There is an alternative solution to this problem.
对于这个问题,有一个替代解决方案。
n. 可选事物;取舍,抉择〈同 choice〉
例 I have no alternative but to ask you to leave.
我别无选择,只能让你离开。

amateur [ˈæmətə(r)]

adj. 业余的〈同 nonprofessional〉
例 Only amateur athletes are eligible to participate in this game.
只有业余运动员才有资格参加这项比赛。
n. 业余爱好者〈同 layman〉
例 He is an amateur at golf but he loves the game.
他在高尔夫球方面确实是个外行,但他很热爱这项运动。