第一部分

ceremony [ˈserəməni]

n. 典礼,仪式;礼节〈同 ritual〉
例 The wedding ceremony took place in a garden.
婚礼仪式在一座花园里举行。

challenge [ˈtʃælɪnʤ]

n. 挑战〈同 competition〉
例 Finishing the 26-mile race was a challenge for most of the participants.
完成26英里的比赛,对于大多数参赛者而言都是一个挑战。
vt. 向…挑战
例 The homework assignment challenged Bill.
家庭作业对比尔来说是个挑战。

chamber [ˈtʃeɪmbə(r)]

n. 室;房间;(动植物体内的)腔,室〈同 cell〉
例 The human heart has four chambers.
人的心脏有四个心腔。
联 chamber music 室内音乐

champion [ˈtʃæmpɪən]

n. 冠军;拥护者〈同 winner; advocate〉
例 Do you think he will be the new champion after the contest?
你认为这场比赛结束后,他会成为新的冠军吗?
vt. 支持;主张〈同 stand up for〉
例 Martin Luther King Jr. won the Nobel Peace Prize because he championed the oppressed in their struggle for equality.
马丁•路德•金能获得诺贝尔和平奖,是因为他支持被压迫者争取平等待遇。
联 championship n. 锦标赛

chaos [ˈkeɪɒs]

n. 混乱〈同 disorder〉
例 There was complete chaos when the world champions arrived at the airport.
当世界冠军抵达机场时,现场一片混乱。
联 chaotic adj. 混乱的

characteristic [ˌkærəktəˈrɪstɪk]

adj. 典型的,表现(人或物)特征的,特有的〈同 typical〉
例 Warm sunny days are the characteristic weather of the summer months here.
在这里,夏季几个月的天气特点就是温暖和晴朗。
n. 特征,特性〈同 property, attribute〉
例 Heavy snow is a characteristic of winter around here.
下大雪是这里冬季的特点之一。

characterize [ˈkærəktəraɪz]

vt. 表现…的特色;刻画的…性格〈同 distinguish〉
例 Dreaming is a distinct and necessary part of sleeping, usually characterized by the occurrence of rapid eye movement.
做梦是睡眠的一个独特而必要的部分,通常的特征是出现快速眼动。

charge [tʃɑːʤ]

n. ① 职责〈同 control〉
例 After the sudden death of the sheriff, the deputy took charge.
郡长突然去世之后,由副郡长主持工作。
② 费用〈同 cost〉
例 The charge to repair your shoes is ten dollars.
你这双鞋的修理费是十美元。
v. 进攻 〈同 attack〉
例 The dog charged the intruder and bit him.
狗冲向入侵者并咬了他。

charity [ˈtʃærəti]

n. 慈善(事业、机构)例 Charity’s goal is to help people in difficulty.
慈善机构的目的是帮助有困难的人。
联 charitarian n. 慈善家;charitable adj. 仁慈的

charm [tʃɑːm]

n. 吸引力,(女人的)魅力
例 I used all of my charm to impress Bill.
我发挥自己所有的魅力来给比尔留下印象。

第二部分

charter [ˈtʃɑːtə(r)]

vt. 准许(某人或某物)包租;特许〈同 license〉
例 The University of Georgia, chartered in 1785, was the first state-supported university in the United States.
1785年获得特许成立的乔治亚大学,是美国首所由州政府扶持的大学。
n. 宪章,章程
例 The Charter of the United Nation’s states its activities and powers.
《联合国宪章》明确了其职能与权力。

chase [tʃeɪs]

v. 追逐〈同 run after〉
例 The dog chased the cat for nearly half a mile.
那条狗追了那只猫将近半英里。

chat [tʃæt]

vi. 闲谈〈同 talk〉
例 Dave chatted on the telephone all evening.
戴维一晚上都在打电话聊天。

cheer [tʃɪə(r)]

n. 欢呼〈同 applause〉
例 The crowd gave a cheer when the team scored.
当球队进球的时候,人群发出了欢呼声。
联 cheerful adj. 愉快的,高兴的

chew [tʃuː]

vt. 咀嚼(食物等)
例 It was difficult to chew the tough meat.
这肉太老,很难嚼。

chiefly [ˈtʃiːfli]

adv. 主要地,多半地〈同 mainly〉
例 The decision is chiefly up to the president to make.
决定主要取决于总裁。

chill [tʃɪl]

v. 使冷;变冷,冷却〈同 cool〉
例 The January winds chill everybody.
一月的风让所有人都感到寒冷。
n. 寒意,寒战〈同 coldness〉
例 The chill in the desert at night can be very bad.
沙漠晚上的寒冷会非常难熬。
联 chilly adj. 寒冷的

chip [tʃɪp]

n. 碎片;芯片
例 I stepped on a chip of stone and bruised my heel.
我踩到了一块碎石,结果擦伤了脚后跟。

choke [tʃəʊk]

vt. 使窒息〈同 asphyxiate〉
例 The smoke almost choked the baby.
烟雾差点让那个婴儿窒息。

chop [tʃɒp]

vt. 砍〈同 cut〉
例 Anne chopped the wood with an axe.
安妮用斧子砍木头。

第三部分

circulate [ˈsɜːkjʊleɪt]

v.(使)循环;(使)传播〈同 circle〉
例 In times of prosperity money circulates quickly, but during a depression it circulates slowly.
货币在繁荣时期流通得很快,而在萧条时期则流通得很慢。
联 circulation n. 循环;流通;circulation desk 图书借还台

circumference [sɜːˈkʌmfərəns]

n. 圆周;周长〈同 perimeter〉
例 The highway was built on the circumference of the city.
高速公路绕这座城市而建。

circumstance [ˈsɜːkəmstəns]

n. 环境,情况〈同 situation〉
例 We need to know the exact circumstances surrounding the accident.
我们需要知道事故发生地周围的具体情况。

cite [saɪt]

vt. 引用;举例〈同 refer to〉
例 The boss cited Bill’s excessive absences when he fired him.
老板在解聘比尔的时候,提到了他多次缺勤的事。

clarify [ˈklærəfaɪ]

vt. 澄清,阐明〈同 illuminate〉
例 The explanation clarifies the details of the plan.
解释阐明了计划的细节。
联 clarification n. 澄清,净化

classical [ˈklæsɪkəl]

adj. 古典的,正统的
例 We are rapidly nearing the end of this course on the history of classical music.
我们很快就要结束古典音乐史这门课程了。
联 classicism n. 古典主义,古典风格

classify [ˈklæsɪfaɪ]

vt. 把…分类,分等级〈同 categorize〉
例 Scientists had never seen that kind of insect before and they did not know what to classify it under.
科学家之前从未见过这种昆虫,所以他们不知道该将其归入哪一个种类。
联 classification n. 分类,分级

clause [klɔːz]

n. 从句;条款
例 The sentence had too many clauses in it.
这个句子里面有太多从句。

clue [kluː]

n. 线索〈同 hint〉
例 Police are searching the area for clues to the murder.
警方正在调查这个区域,寻找与凶杀案有关的线索。

clumsy [ˈklʌmzi]

adj. 笨拙的;愚笨的〈同 awkward〉
例 People laughed at the clumsy elephant at the zoo.
动物园里笨拙的大象引得人们大笑。

第四部分

coach [kəʊtʃ]

v. 训练,指导 〈同 train〉
例 Anne coached Mary on her public speaking skills.
安妮对玛丽的公共演讲技巧进行指导。

coarse [kɔːs]

adj. 粗糙的〈同 rough〉
例 The sand was so coarse that it was quite painful to walk on.
这些沙子太粗糙了,走在上面脚很疼。

code [kəʊd]

n. 代码,密码
例 The spy sent his message in a secret code.
间谍用密码发送消息。
联 codify vt. 把(法律、法规)编成法典;编纂,整理

coil [kɔɪl]

n.(一)卷;线圈〈同 ring〉
例 A transformer is composed of two coils of wire placed together without wires actually in contact.
变压器包括两个安装在一起的线圈,但电线之间实际上并未连接。
vt. 盘绕,卷〈同 twist〉
例 The snake coiled itself around the tree.
蛇缠绕着树。

coin [kɔɪn]

n. 硬币〈同 nickel〉
例 Bill’s pocket was full of coins.
比尔的口袋里装满了硬币。
vt. 创造(一个新的词或短语)〈同 create〉
例 The advertising company coined a new word to name the new product.
那家广告公司创造出一个新词来为新产品命名。
联 coinage n. 造币;货币制度

collapse [kəˈlæps]

n. 倒塌;崩溃,失败〈同 breakdown, failure〉
例 The collapse of the stock market in 1929 signaled the beginning of the Depression.
1929年股市崩盘,标志着经济大萧条的开始。

collision [kəˈlɪʒən]

n. 碰撞;冲突,抵触〈同 crash〉
例 There has been a collision involving a number of cars on the main road into town.
在进城的主路上,有多辆汽车发生了碰撞。

colony [ˈkɒləni]

n. ① 殖民地
例 Australia and New Zealand are former British colonies.
澳大利亚与新西兰曾是英国的殖民地。
② 群体〈同 group〉
例 A colony of ants lives under our driveway.
一群蚂蚁住在我们的私家车道下面。
联 colonial adj. 殖民的,殖民地的;colonize vt. 使殖民化;colonialist n. 殖民者

combat [ˈkɒmbæt]

n. 战斗,格斗〈同 fight〉
例 There was fierce combat between the two sides.
双方爆发了激烈的冲突。

combine [kəmˈbaɪn]

v. 联合,结合〈同 unite〉
例 Mary’s and Bob’s businesses combined to form a new company.
玛丽的公司与鲍勃的公司合并成了一家新公司。
联 combination n. 化合,组合