第一部分

harmony [ˈhɑːməni]

n. 协调,融洽〈同 coordination〉
例 Members of the choir blended their voices in perfect harmony.
合唱团的成员十分和谐地将他们的声音融合在一起。

harness [ˈhɑːnɪs]

vt. 利用(河流、瀑布等)产生动力;利用〈同 utilize〉
例 People have harnessed the sun’s energy since ancient times.
从远古时代起,人类便一直在利用太阳的能量。

harsh [hɑːʃ]

adj. ① 粗糙的;刺耳的,刻薄的〈同 coarse;acid〉
例 The sweater is not comfortable because the material is too harsh.
这件毛衣穿着不舒服,因为它的材料太粗糙了。
② 严厉的;严酷的,恶劣的〈同 severe〉
例 Dissenters were usually severely punished under the emperor’s harsh rule.
在国王严酷的统治下,异见者们通常会受到严厉的惩罚。
联 harshness n. 严酷,恶劣

hazard [ˈhæzəd]

n. 危险;危害物〈同 danger〉
例 A high incidence of lung disease is one of the known hazards of smoking.
肺病的高发病率是已知的吸烟的危害之一。
联 hazardous adj. 危险的,冒险的

heal [hiːl]

vt. 康复,治愈 vi. 愈合〈同 cure〉
例 The wound soon healed under the care of the nurse.
在护士的护理下,伤口很快便愈合了。联 healing adj. 有治疗功用的

heap [hiːp]

n. 堆;大量,许多〈同 pile〉
例 Don’t leave your dirty laundry in a heap in the middle of the floor!
别把你的脏衣服成堆地放在地板中间!
v. 堆积〈同 pile up〉
例 The miser heaped up great wealth.
那个守财奴积累了巨大的财富。

hint [hɪnt]

n. 提示,线索〈同 clue〉
例 Mary gave Bill a hint about his birthday present to let him guess.
关于比尔的生日礼物,玛丽给了他一个线索让他猜。

historic [hɪˈstɒrɪk; (US)hɪsˈtɔːrɪk]

adj. 历史上著名的;有历史意义的
例 During her summer vacation, Janet visited some places of historic interest in China, such as the Imperial Palace and the Summer Palace.
在暑假期间,珍妮特参观了中国的许多历史古迹,例如故宫和颐和园。
联 historian n. 历史学家;编年史家

horizon [həˈraɪzən]

n. 地平线;眼界,视野〈同 range〉
例 People once believed that the length of the earth ended at the ocean’s horizon.
人们曾经相信,海平线便是大地的尽头。
联 horizontal adj. 水平的

host [həʊst]

n. 主人;节目主持人
例 The host asked his guests to come to the table for dinner.
主人邀请客人们到餐桌用餐。
v. 做东道主,主办;招待(客人)〈同 entertain〉
例 Janet always hosts guests at their house, while John only sits there and eats.
珍妮特经常在家里招待客人,而约翰却只会坐在那里吃东西。
联 hostess n. 女主人;饭店(或旅店)女老板

第二部分

hostile [ˈhɒstaɪl; (US)ˈhɑːstəl]

adj. 敌对的,不友好的〈同 unfriendly〉
例 The trade minister placed an embargo on goods from the hostile country.
贸易部长对来自敌对国家的货物实行禁运。
联 hostility n. 敌意,敌对

humble [ˈhʌmbəl]

adj. 低下的,卑贱的;谦逊的;简陋的〈同 meek〉
例 After Peter hit Rob, Rob was always humble in front of Peter.
自从被彼得打了之后,罗布在彼得面前就一直低声下气的。
联 humility n. 谦逊

identical [aɪˈdentɪkəl]

adj. 同一的;完全相同的〈同 matching〉
例 The twins’ appearance was identical, but each had a distinct personality.
那对双胞胎的外貌完全相同,但两个人却有着截然不同的个性。

identify [aɪˈdentɪfaɪ]

vt. 识别,认出;鉴定〈同 detect〉
例 I could not identify my umbrella among a hundred others.
我无法从100把伞里面认出我的伞。
联 identification n. 辨认;鉴定;identifiable adj. 可辨认的

identity [aɪˈdentəti]

n. 身份〈同 individuality〉
例 The identity of the special guest was only revealed an hour before he arrived.
特别来宾的身份直到他到达的一个小时前才揭晓。

idle [ˈaɪdəl]

adj. 闲置的;(指人)无所事事的,懒惰的
例 The workers were idle during the strike and so was the expensive machinery in the factory.
工人们在罢工期间无事可做,工厂里那些昂贵的机器同样被闲置。

illustrate [ˈɪləstreɪt]

vt.(用图或例子)说明,阐明〈同 state〉
例 To illustrate how the heart circulates blood through the body, the teacher described how a pump works.
为了说明心脏如何使血液在全身循环流动,老师描述了水泵的工作原理。
联 illustration n. 例证;插图

imitate [ˈɪmɪteɪt]

vt. 仿效,模仿〈同 mimic,emulate〉
例 Decide what you want to do; don’t just imitate others.
决定自己想要做什么,不要一味地模仿其他人。
联 imitation n. 模仿;仿制品

immense [ɪˈmens]

adj. 巨大的;无边的〈同 enormous〉
例 The square is dominated by an immense statue of the President.
一尊巨大的总统雕像屹立在广场上。
联 immensity n. 无限;巨大

immigrant [ˈɪmɪɡrənt]

n.(自外国移入之)移民〈同 alien〉
例 Illegal immigrants are sent back across the border if they are caught.
非法移民如果被抓住,会被从边境遣送回国。

第三部分

impact [ˈɪmpækt]

n. ① 影响〈同 influence〉
例 Your lectures have had a powerful impact on my thinking.
您的课对我的思想产生了重要的影响。
② 撞击,冲击
例 The car crumpled upon impact against the solid brick wall.
那辆汽车撞上硬砖墙后变得不成样子了。

implement[ˈɪmplɪmənt]

n. 工具,器具〈同 tool〉
例 In your training course for dental assistant, you will become familiar with many of the implements that dentists use.
在牙科助理的培训课程中,你会熟悉牙科医生所用的许多工具。

implement[ˈɪmplɪment]

vt. 实行,实施〈同 carry out〉
例 I am unwilling to implement this plan until I have assurances that it has the full approval of officials.
我不愿意执行这个计划,除非我确信这个计划已经得到官方的完全批准。

impose [ɪmˈpəʊz]

vt. 把…强加于;施加影响 vi. 利用;打扰〈同 force〉
例 Are you sure it’s all right for me to come tonight? I don’t want to impose on you.
你确定我今晚来没问题吗?我不想打扰到你。
联 imposition n. 强迫接受

inclined [ɪnˈklaɪnd]

adj. ① 倾向…的〈同 preferring〉
例 Sally is usually inclined to eat salad, not pizza.
莎莉通常倾向于吃沙拉,而不是比萨。
② 倾斜的;有坡度的〈同 sloping〉
例 Be careful when you ski down because the mountain is steeply inclined.
你往山下滑雪的时候要小心,因为这个山坡非常陡。

incredible [ɪnˈkredəbəl]

adj. 难以置信的,惊人的〈同 unbelievable〉
例 On stage Aretha Franklin sings with incredible energy, zest, and strength.
艾瑞莎•富兰克林在舞台上唱歌时,充满了惊人的能量、热情和力量。

indifferent [ɪnˈdɪfrənt]

adj. 不感兴趣的,漠不关心的〈同 apathetic〉
例 Because she felt no desire to marry, she was indifferent to his constant proposals.
因为她没有结婚的欲望,所以对他的屡次求婚无动于衷。
联 indifference n. 冷漠,不关心

indispensable [ˌɪndɪˈspensəbəl]

adj. 不可缺少的,必需的〈同 essential〉
例 Air, food and water are indispensable for life.
空气、食物和水是生存不可缺少之物。

individual [ˌɪndɪˈvɪdjʊəl]

n. 个人,个体〈同 person〉
例 Every individual has certain rights which must never be taken away.
每个人都享有某些不能被剥夺的权利。
adj. 个别的,单独的〈同 separate〉
例 Each individual table is finished by hand.
每一张桌子都是手工制成的。
联 individualism n. 个人主义;individually adv. 个别地

inevitable [ɪnˈevɪtəbəl]

adj. 不可避免的,必然的〈同 unavoidable〉
例 When you eat too much and don’t exercise, it is inevitable that you will gain weight.
如果你吃得太多,又不锻炼,增肥肯定是不可避免的。
联 inevitability n. 必然性

infant [ˈɪnfənt]

n. 婴儿,幼儿〈同 baby〉
例 Susan laid the infant down for a nap.
苏珊把婴儿放下睡个午觉。
联 infancy n. 幼年

第四部分

infect [ɪnˈfekt]

v. ①(疾病)传染〈同 contaminate〉
例 All the tomato plants are infected with a virus.
所有番茄植株都感染了一种病毒。
② 使受影响,感染
例 Mahatma Gandhi’s struggle for freedom infected the whole nation.
圣雄甘地为自由进行的斗争感染了整个国家。
联 infection n. 传染(病);infectious adj. 传染性的,易传染的

infinite [ˈɪnfɪnət]

adj. 无限的,无穷的
例 The universe is theoretically infinite.
从理论上来说,宇宙是无限的。
联 infinity n. 无限,无穷大;infinitesimal adj. 无限小的 n. 无限小

inflation [ɪnˈfleɪʃən]

n. 通货膨胀
例 The country’s inflation became so serious that many families stopped eating at restaurants and only ate at home.
这个国家的通货膨胀变得太严重了,以至于许多家庭不再去饭店吃饭,而是只在家里做饭吃。

influence [ˈɪnflʊəns]

n. 影响力;影响
例 Violence on TV may turn out to be a potent influence on some young people.
结果证明,电视上的暴力可能会对年轻人产生很大的影响。
vt. 影响,改变〈同 affect〉
例 Media coverage is directly influencing how the public responds to the war.
媒体报道直接影响着公众对战争的反应。
联 influential adj. 有影响的

ingredient [ɪnˈɡriːdɪənt]

n. 原料;成分〈同 component〉
例 Flour, milk, butter and yeast are some ingredients in bread.
面粉、牛奶、黄油和酵母是制作面包的几种原料。

inhabitant [ɪnˈhæbɪtənt]

n. 居民,住户〈同 resident〉
例 San Francisco’s Chinese community, comprising 67,000 inhabitants, is the largest concentration of Chinese outside of Asia.
旧金山的华人社区共有67,000名居民,是亚洲之外最大的华人聚集地。

inherit [ɪnˈherɪt]

vt. 继承〈同 succeed〉
例 Every person inherits some qualities from his forefathers.
每个人都从祖先那里继承了一些品质。
联 inheritance n. 遗产

initial [ɪˈnɪʃəl]

adj. 最初的,初始的〈同 foremost〉
例 Woodcutting, the initial form of printmaking, appeared in Europe at the beginning of the 15th century.
版画制作的原始形式——木雕——在15世纪初出现在欧洲。
联 initially adv. 最初,开始;initiate vt. 创始;提出

innocent [ˈɪnəsənt]

adj. 无辜的,清白的;天真的〈同 naive〉
例 It was an innocent remark. I didn’t mean to hurt his feelings.
这话没有恶意。我并不想伤害他的感情。

insert [ɪnˈsɜːt]

vt. 插入〈同 input〉
例 He inserted the key into the lock to open the door.
他把钥匙插进锁里来打开门。