第一部分

derive [dɪˈraɪv]

vt. 得到,获取;源于〈同 obtain〉
例 He derives a lot of pleasure from meeting new people.
他从认识新朋友当中获得许多乐趣。
联 derivative n. 派生的事物,派生词;derivation n. 由来,出处

descend [dɪˈsend]

v. ① 传下,遗传
例 The noble qualities descend to me from my father.
我的贵族气质遗传自我的父亲。
② 下降〈同 go down〉
例 The bird descended quickly to capture the worm that crawled out of a hole.
那只鸟快速往下飞来捕捉那只爬出洞口的虫子。
联 descendant n. 后代,后裔;descent n. 下降;血统

description [dɪˈskrɪpʃən]

n. 描写,描述
例 The advertisement’s description was very misleading.
那则广告的描述非常具有误导性。

desert[ˈdezət]

n. 沙漠
例 The hot dry sand of the desert burned our feet.
沙漠中炙热干燥的沙子烫伤了我们的脚。

desert[dɪˈzɜːt]

vt. 遗弃〈同 forsake〉
例 He deserted his first wife and married a new one.
他抛弃了第一任妻子,又重新娶了一位。
联 deserted adj. 荒芜的,荒废的

deserve [dɪˈzɜːv]

vt. 应得〈同 be worthy of〉
例 After five years at college, I think I deserve a good job.
经过五年的大学学习,我认为自己应该得到一份好工作。
联 undeserved adj. 不应得的;不该受的

design [dɪˈzaɪn]

n. 设计,图案〈同 pattern〉
例 The design on John’s new jacket is beautiful.
约翰的新夹克上的图案非常漂亮。

desirable [dɪˈzaɪərəbəl]

adj. 令人向往的;令人满意的〈同 appealing〉
例 I envy Bette because her job is so desirable.
我嫉妒贝特,因为她找的工作太理想了。
联 undesirable adj. 令人不快的

desperate [ˈdespərət]

adj. 不顾一切的,拼死的;令人绝望的〈同 hopeless〉
例 The situation was desperate but not hopeless.
这种情形令人绝望,但也不是毫无希望。
联 desperately adv. 迫切地;危急地;desperation n. 绝望

destination [ˌdestɪˈneɪʃən]

n. 目的地〈同 terminus〉
例 Our tour destination is New York. 我们旅行的目的地是纽约。

detect [dɪˈtekt]

vt. 察觉,发觉;探测〈同 discern; explore〉
例 I detected a tinge of sadness in his voice.
我在他的声音中察觉到一丝淡淡的忧伤。
联 detective n. 侦探 adj. 侦探的;detectable adj. 可发觉的;可查明的;detection n. 察觉

第二部分

determination [dɪˌtɜːmɪˈneɪʃən]

n. 决心;果断〈同 resolution〉
例 They are pursuing their aims with dogged determination.
他们以坚定的决心追求自己的目标。

devise [dɪˈvaɪz]

vt. 设计;发明〈同 create〉
例 The government devised a scheme to house the refugees.
政府制订了一个收容难民的计划。
联 deviser n. 设计者

devote [dɪˈvəʊt]

vt. 投入于,献身于〈同 dedicate〉
例 She devoted all her spare time to fishing.
她把所有的业余时间都用在钓鱼上了。
联 devoted adj. 热心的,非常忠实的;devotion n. 热爱,忠诚

diagram [ˈdaɪəɡræm]

n. 图表〈同 graph〉
例 He followed the instructions on the diagram.
他遵照图表中的说明(进行操作)。

dialect [ˈdaɪəlekt]

n. 方言,土话
例 My grandfather spoke a rural Greek dialect.
我爷爷说的是希腊乡下的方言。

dictate [dɪkˈteɪt]

vt. 规定;决定,确定〈同 prescribe〉
例 The tennis club rules dictate that suitable footwear must be worn on the courts.
这家网球俱乐部的章程规定,在球场上必须穿适合的鞋子。

diet [ˈdaɪət]

n. 饮食,食物 〈同 nutritional plan〉
例 Human beings need a diet which includes adequate protein.
人类需要富含蛋白质的食物。
vi. 节食,忌食
例 A fat person ought to diet and go for a walk daily.
肥胖的人应该节食,并每天坚持散步。
联 dietary adj. 饮食的;dieter n. 节食者,减肥者;dietitian n. 营养学家;dietetics n. 营养学

digest [dɪˈʤest; daɪˈʤest]

vt. 消化〈同 assimilate〉
例 Certain people find that they cannot digest meat easily.
某些人发现自己很难消化肉类。
联 digestion n. 消化;digestive adj. 消化的,有助消化的

dim [dɪm]

adj. 暗淡的,模糊的〈同 weak〉
例 The light is too dim for me to read easily.
灯光太暗了,我没法阅读。

dimension [dɪˈmenʃən; daɪˈmenʃən]

n. 尺寸;尺度〈同 measure〉
例 The estate agent’s brochure specifies the dimensions of each room.
房产经纪人的小册子里详细列明了每个房间的面积。
联 dimensional adj. 空间的

第三部分

dip [dɪp]

v. 浸,蘸,沾〈同 immerse〉
例 Originally, matches were narrow strips of wood whose tips were dipped in kerosene.
最初,火柴都是一端浸了煤油的细木条。

diplomatic [ˌdɪpləˈmætɪk]

adj. 外交的;老练的〈同 tactful〉
例 Diplomatic negotiations generally take place in embassies or in the foreign offices of the countries where ambassadors are accredited.
外交谈判通常在大使馆或者在大使被认可的国家的办公室中举行。

discard [dɪˈskɑːd]

vt. 丢弃〈同 jettison, get rid of〉
例 When he purchased a new coat, he discarded his old one.
他买了新衣服,就丢掉了旧衣服。

discharge[dɪsˈtʃɑːʤ]

vt. 释放;排出〈同 release〉
例 Large amount of dangerous waste is discharged daily by the factory.
这家工厂每天都在排放大量的有害废弃物。

discharge[ˈdɪstʃɑːʤ]

n. 流出;排放出的物体〈同 emission〉
例 It has been claimed that the discharge from the nuclear plant is entirely safe.
据称,核电站的排放物是完全安全的。

discipline [ˈdɪsəplɪn]

n. ① 纪律;训练〈同 regulation, constraint; training〉
例 Children who have had no discipline are often hard to teach.
不遵守纪律的孩子通常很难教。
② 学科〈同 field, subject〉
例 The student chose the discipline of mathematics.
那个学生选择了数学这门学科。
联 subdiscipline n.(学科的)分支,分科;disciplined adj. 遵守纪律的

discount [ˈdɪskaʊnt]

n. 折扣〈同 deduction〉
例 Since the product was defective, the manager agreed to a discount.
由于这件商品存在缺陷,因此经理同意打折。

discount [dɪsˈkaʊnt]

vt. 不全信,对…持怀疑态度〈同 doubt〉
例 The police discounted what the informer said.
警方对线人的话持怀疑态度。

disgust [dɪsˈɡʌst]

n. 厌恶,嫌恶〈同 repulsion〉
例 The horror film filled Mike with disgust.
那部恐怖电影让迈克感到恶心。
联 disgusted adj. 厌烦的;厌恶的;disgusting adj. 令人厌恶的

dismiss [dɪsˈmɪs]

vt. 解散;摒除(思想、感情等)〈同 send away; eliminate〉
例 Believing in John’s love for her, she dismissed the notion that he might be unfaithful.
她相信约翰对她的爱,于是打消了他可能不忠诚的想法。

disorder [dɪsˈɔːdə(r)]

n. 杂乱,紊乱
例 The whole office was in a state of disorder—she couldn’t find a thing.
整间办公室一片混乱——她一件东西也找不到。
联 disorderly adj. 混乱的

display [dɪsˈpleɪ]

vt. 陈列;显示〈同 exhibit〉
例 The permit should be clearly displayed in the front window.
应把许可证醒目地摆放在前窗位置。
n. 陈列,展览;显示〈同 demonstration〉例 The museum’s display of ancient jewelry attracted many visitors. 博物馆举办的古代珠宝展览吸引了许多参观者。

第四部分

dispose [dɪˈspəʊz]

v. 处理,处置(of)〈同 cope with, settle〉
例 Nuclear waste is often disposed of in the ocean.
处理核废料的方式通常是投入海洋。
联 disposed adj. 有…倾向的

dispute [dɪˈspjuːt; ˈdɪspjuːt]

n. 争论,纠纷〈同 disagreement〉
例 The worker did not think his salary was high enough and had a dispute with the boss.
那名工人认为自己的工资不够高,于是与老板发生了争执。

dispute [dɪˈspjuːt]

vt. 争论,争执;对…提出质疑〈同 argue〉
例 Critics have disputed the official unemployment figures.
评论家们对官方的失业数据提出质疑。

dissolve [dɪˈzɒlv]

vt. 使溶解〈同 melt〉
例 Some kinds of medicine have to be dissolved in water before being taken.
有一些药品在服用之前,必须用水溶解。

distinct [dɪˈstɪŋkt]

adj. 明确的,确实的;不同的〈同 definite〉
例 The twins may look alike, but they have quite distinct personalities.
那对双胞胎看起来很像,但他们却有着迥然不同的个性。
联 distinctly adv. 明显地,清楚地;不同地

distinction [dɪˈstɪŋkʃən]

n. ① 差别,特性〈同 difference〉
例 The only distinction between the twins is their eye color.
那对双胞胎唯一的区别是他们眼睛的颜色。
② 显赫,声望〈同 luster〉
例 The awards added distinction to the author’s reputation.
这些奖项让这位作家更加有声望。

distinguish [dɪsˈtɪŋɡwɪʃ]

vt. 区别,辨认〈同 characterize〉
例 The little girl forgot to wear her glasses and could not distinguish between the rope and a snake.
那个小女孩忘了戴眼镜,结果分不清绳子和蛇。
联 distinguished adj. 著名的;显赫的

distress [dɪˈstres]

n. 悲痛,不幸,穷困〈同 discomfort〉
例 Although she said she was okay, her face showed her distress over the death of her boyfriend.
虽然她说自己没事,但从她的脸色能看出男朋友的离世给她带来的悲痛。

distribute [dɪˈstrɪbjuːt]

vt. 分配;分发,散布〈同 disseminate〉
例 Someone dressed in a rabbit costume distributes leaflets to passersby.
有个穿着兔子服装的人向行人发传单。
联 distribution n. 分发,分配

disturb [dɪˈstɜːb]

vt. 打扰,扰乱〈同 bother〉
例 Every morning the birds disturb my sleep.
每天早上,那些鸟都会打扰我睡觉。
联 undisturbed adj. 没受干扰的,安静的;disturbance n. 骚动,动乱

diverse [daɪˈvɜːs]

adj. 不同的;变化多的〈同 various〉
例 Even though the topography of different areas of the southwestern United States is diverse, the weather patterns are quite similar.
虽然美国西南部不同地区的地形多种多样,但天气模式却非常相似。
联 diversify vt. 使多样化;diversified adj. 多样化的;diversification n. 多样化;diversity n. 差异,多样性