第一部分

fraction [ˈfrækʃən]

n. ① 小部分,少量〈同 segment〉
例 Tom Cruise is not the leading actor in this movie so you only see him for a fraction of the time.
汤姆•克鲁斯不是这部电影的主角,所以你会看到他在电影里只出现了很短的时间。
② 分数
例 If you convert 0.25 into a fraction, you get 1/4.
如果将0.25换算成分数,就是1/4。

fragment [ˈfræɡmənt]

n. 碎片,破片〈同 piece〉
例 The glass fell on the floor and broke into fragments.
那块玻璃掉在地板上,摔成了碎片。
联 fragmentary adj. 零碎的,不完整的

freight [freɪt]

n. 货物;货运〈同 cargo〉
例 The company is responsible to send the freight to you by truck.
公司负责用卡车把货物运送给你。
vt. 装货;运送〈同 load, carry〉
例 Grapes from this region are freighted all over the world.
这个地区出产的葡萄被运送到世界各地。
联 freighter n. 货车

friction [ˈfrɪkʃən]

n. ① 摩擦〈同 rub〉
例 The wheel has been worn smooth due to friction.
由于摩擦,车轮已经被磨平了。
② 冲突,不和〈同 conflict〉
例 At this time when harmony is essential, we cannot afford to have any friction in our group.
这个时候,和谐才是最重要的,因此我们小组再也不能产生任何冲突了。
联 fricative adj. 由摩擦而产生的;摩擦音的

frost [frɒst]

n. 霜;霜冻〈同 ice crystal〉
例 Matt had to clean the frost off his car windows before he could drive.
马特开车之前要先把车窗上的霜清除掉。
vi. 结霜;结冰〈同 ice〉
例 The windscreen of my car frosts over during the night.
在夜间,我的汽车挡风玻璃结冰了。
联 defrost vt. 使…解冻,将…除霜;vi.(冰、霜)解冻

frown [fraʊn]

vi. 皱眉;不赞成,反对〈同 scowl; disapprove〉
例 Smoking is frowned upon in many restaurants.
许多餐厅不允许吸烟。

frustrate [frʌˈstreɪt; (US)ˈfrʌstreɪt]

v. ① 挫败,破坏〈同 disconcert〉
例 The warden frustrated the prisoners’ attempt to escape by adding more guards.
监狱长增加了更多守卫,让囚犯们越狱的图谋落空了。
② 使沮丧〈同 depress〉
例 What frustrated her was that she did not get a high score on the final test.
令她沮丧的是自己在最终测试没得到高分。
联 frustration n. 挫败,挫折;frustrating adj. 令人沮丧的

fuel [fjuːəl]

n. 燃料
例 The scientist predicted America would run out of fuel within 20 years.
这位科学家预测,美国将在20年内耗尽燃料。
v. 加燃料;激起
例 Quit arguing with Bao! You’ll only fuel his anger.
别跟包争论了!你这样只会让他更加愤怒。

functional [ˈfʌŋkʃənəl]

adj. 功能的;有用的〈同 useful〉
例 My bike is not luxurious, but it is still functional.
我的自行车不算高级,但功能依然完好。
联 multifunctional adj. 多功能的;functioning n. 运转,操作

fundamental [ˌfʌndəˈmentəl]

adj. 基础的,基本的〈同 basic〉
例 The refugees were too poor to meet their fundamental needs for life.
这些难民太穷了,甚至连自己生活的基本需求都无法满足。

第二部分

funeral [ˈfjuːnərəl]

n. 葬礼;出殡行列
例 Hundreds of people attended the senator’s funeral.
数百人参加了这个议员的葬礼。

furnish [ˈfɜːnɪʃ]

vt. 装备;提供〈同 provide〉
例 The travel agency furnished me with the information that I needed for my trip.
旅行社为我提供了旅行必需的信息。
联 furnishing n. 供应;家具,(室内)陈设品;furniture n. 家具

gang [ɡæŋ]

n. 队;一帮(罪犯)〈同 group〉
例 After work, John went bowling with a gang of friends.
下班后,约翰与一群朋友去打保龄球。

gauge [ɡeɪʤ]

vt. 测量,计量;评价〈同 measure〉
例 I could not gauge how many miles the town was from the farm.
我无法测无法量出这个小镇距离农场有多少英里。
n. 量规,量表;测量仪器
例 The gauge showed that the steam temperature was normal.
仪表显示,蒸示蒸汽温度正常。

gear [ɡɪə(r)]

n. 齿轮,传动装置
例 Gears serve to transfer power and change the direction of rotation.
传动装置的作用是传送动力和改变旋转方向。
v. 使适合,使一致
例 In time of war, the country’s economy must be geared to wartime requirements.
在战争时期,国家的经济必须加以调整以适应战时需要。

generate [ˈʤenəreɪt]

vt. 造成;产生〈同 make happen; produce〉
例 The power of moving water can be used to generate electricity.
流水的力量可以用于发电。
联 generative adj. 有生殖力的;regenerate adj. 新生的 v.(使)再生

generous [ˈʤenərəs]

adj. 慷慨的;富饶的;大量的〈同 magnanimous〉
例 Not everyone looking for gold in those days was greedy—some people were generous and helpful.
在当时,并非所有淘金的人都是贪婪的——有些人就非常慷慨和乐于助人。
联 generosity n. 慷慨;generously adv. 大方地,丰富地

gentle [ˈʤentəl]

adj. 温和的;文雅的〈同 moderate;kind〉
例 The little girl was very gentle when she played with the baby kitten.
那个小女孩在与小猫玩的时候非常温柔。

genuine [ˈʤenjuːɪn]

adj. 真正的,真实的;真诚的〈同 authentic〉
例 The suitcase was made of genuine leather.
这个手提箱是用真皮制成的。

geometry [ʤɪˈɒmətri]

n. 几何学
例 Geometry demands lots of reasoning.
几何学需要大量的推理。
联 geometric adj. 几何的;几何学的

第三部分

germ [ʤɜːm]

n. 细菌〈同 bacteria〉
例 Germs collect on surfaces that people have touched.
细菌聚集在人们触摸过的物体的表面。

gesture [ˈʤestʃə(r)]

n. 姿态,手势;表示
例 With a gesture of his hand, the waiter indicated where I should sit.
服务生做了一个手势,示意我应该坐在哪里。

glimpse [glɪmps]

n. 一瞥,一看〈同 glance〉
例 I caught a glimpse of the murderer before he jumped out of the running train.
就在杀人凶手跳出疾驰的火车之前,我瞥见了他。
v. 瞥见,看一眼〈同 catch sight of〉
例 He glimpsed himself in the looking-glass.
他朝镜子里看了自己一眼。

glorious [ˈɡlɔːrɪəs]

adj. 光荣的;壮丽的;极好的〈同 beautiful;splendid〉
例 Since it is such a glorious day, let’s go to the beach to take a walk.
既然今天天气这么好,我们去沙滩散散步吧。
联 glory n. 光荣;glorify vt. 使光荣;赞美

glue [ɡluː]

n. 胶;胶水〈同 adhesive〉
例 Jimmy pulled off the dried glue that was stuck to his fingers.
吉米撕下粘在手指上的已经干了的胶水。
vt. 粘贴;黏合〈同 stick〉
例 Anne glued the pieces of the broken vase back together.
安妮把那些花瓶的碎片重新粘在了一起。

goal [ɡəʊl]

n. 目标〈同 objective〉
例 His goal is to receive his Ph.D. in electrical engineering.
他的目标是获得电气工程学专业的博士学位。

grab [ɡræb]

vt. 攫取,抓住〈同 grasp〉
例 The poor boy grabbed his chance to become a millionaire.
那个穷小子抓住了成为百万富翁的机会。

grace [ɡreɪs]

n. 优美;风度〈同 elegance〉
例 We all admired the athletes’ grace as they ran.
我们都很欣赏运动员在奔跑时的风采。
联 disgrace vt. 玷污;gracefully adv. 优雅地

grand [ɡrænd]

adj. 壮观的,显赫的〈同 wonderful〉
例 We held a grand celebration for her success.
我们为她的成功举行了一场盛大的庆祝会。
联 grandeur n. 庄严;伟大

grant [ɡrɑːnt]

vt. 同意;准予;拨款〈同 give〉
例 The foundation granted $10,000 to the art project.
基金会给这个艺术项目拨款10,000美元。

第四部分

gratitude [ˈɡrætɪtjuːd; (US)ˈgrætɪtuːd]

n. 感谢,感激〈同 thankfulness〉
例 My grandparents will always have my gratitude for sending me money while I was in college.
在我上大学期间,我祖父母经常给我寄钱,这让我一辈子都感激不尽。

gravity [ˈgrævəti]

n. ① 地心引力
例 It’s gravity that causes an apple to fall on your head when you are sitting under an apple tree.
当你坐在一棵苹果树下时,能使苹果掉在你头上的是地心引力。
② 严肃,一本正经〈同 seriousness〉
例 We could tell we were in serious trouble from the gravity of her expression.
从她严肃的表情我们可以判断出,这次我们有大麻烦了。

greedy [ˈɡriːdi]

adj. 贪婪的〈同 avaricious〉
例 George is a very greedy man. The more money you give him, the more he wants.
乔治是个非常贪婪的人。你给他的钱越多,他想要的就更多。

grind [ɡraɪnd]

vt. 磨碎,碾碎 〈同 crush〉
例 Because the diamond is the hardest naturally occurring substance, it is used in industry for cutting, grinding, and boring other hard materials.
由于钻石是天然生成的最坚硬的物质,因此在工业上常用来对其他坚硬材料进行切割、磨削和钻孔。

grip [ɡrɪp]

v. 紧握,紧抓〈同 grasp〉
例 I gripped the railings as l walked down the stairs.
我下楼梯的时候紧紧抓着栏杆。

guarantee [ˌɡærənˈtiː]

vt. 保证,担保〈同 assure〉
例 No one can guarantee that you will pass the exam if you don’t work hard.
如果你不努力学习,谁也不敢保证你能通过考试。
联 guaranty n. 【律】保证,保证书;担保物

gymnastics [ʤɪmˈnæstɪks]

n. 体操;体育
例 Olympic arenas have been built for swimming and gymnastics.
游泳和体操项目的奥运会场馆已经建好了。
联 gymnastic adj. 体操的;体育的;gymnasium n. 体育馆;健身房;gymnast n. 体操运动员

halt [hɔːlt; hɒlt]

n./vt.(使)停止〈同 stop〉
例 I was jolted out of my sleep by the sudden halt of the train.
火车突然停止,把我从睡梦中晃醒了。
联 halting adj. 犹豫的;蹒跚的;结结巴巴的

handsome [ˈhænsəm]

adj. ① 英俊的;美观的〈同 good-looking〉
例 The handsome actor got lots of attention from the audience.
那位帅气的演员得到了观众的许多关注。
② 慷慨的,可观的〈同 considerable〉
例 After graduating with an MBA, Janet found a good job with a handsome salary.
获得MBA学位之后,珍妮特找到了一份报酬丰厚的好工作。

harbor [ˈhɑːbə(r)]

n. 海港〈同 port〉
例 Our city has two harbors for ships that come from the south or the north.
我们市有两个港口,分别供来自南方和北方的船只停泊。