📃 单元测试

一、测试接口

可以通过单元测试来测试我们的接口是否正常工作, 单元测试放置于 src\test 下
ReqTests.java

import com.example.hello.controller.HelloController;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultHandlers;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class HelloTests {
    @Test
    public void contextLoads() {
    }
    private MockMvc mvc;
    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        mvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(new HelloController()).build();
    }
    @Test
    public void getHello() throws Exception {
        mvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/").accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
                .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk())
                .andDo(MockMvcResultHandlers.print())
                .andReturn();
    }
}

如果通过测试, 控制台将打印出信息：

MockHttpServletRequest:
      HTTP Method = GET
      Request URI = /
       Parameters = {}
          Headers = [Accept:"application/json"]
             Body = <no character encoding set>
    Session Attrs = {}
Handler:
             Type = com.example.demo.controller.HelloController
           Method = public java.lang.String com.example.demo.controller.HelloController.index()
Async:
    Async started = false
     Async result = null
Resolved Exception:
             Type = null
ModelAndView:
        View name = null
             View = null
            Model = null
FlashMap:
       Attributes = null
MockHttpServletResponse:
           Status = 200
    Error message = null
          Headers = [Content-Type:"application/json;charset=utf-8", Content-Length:"19"]
     Content type = application/json;charset=utf-8
             Body = Hello Spring Boot !
    Forwarded URL = null
   Redirected URL = null
          Cookies = []

可以看到 MockHttpServletResponse.Body 中打印出正确的响应结果

二、测试类

比如我们要测试一个继承了 JpaRepository 的 UserRepository 是否正常：

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class UserRepositoryTests {
    @Autowired
    private UserRepository userRepository;

    @Test
    public void test() throws Exception {
        // 查询
        User user = userRepository.findById(1l).get();
        System.out.println(user);
    }
}