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总体介绍

一篇综述文章的摘要,经常出现在文章的开头,旨在概括文章的主要内容。

它通常包括五个部分(不是每个摘要均完整具备):

1) 研究背景——介绍了研究领域的发展现状、理论基础和意义;
2) 综述重点——评审的一般内容
3) 综述细节——评审内容的要点
4) 研究结论——指出本文的应用和意义
5)未来展望——指出了目前研究的不足和今后的工作
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阅读技巧

语言特征

按照上面提到的五个部分来阅读一篇综述文章的摘要是很有用的。

通常用现在时来描述背景信息,并搭配一些时间状语,如“in the past years”、“in recent years”

对于综述的重点,可以以“here…”、“this paper…”等表达为线索,通常使用现在时。

对于综述的细节,可能会发现例如“specifically, we have described and discussed…”“the discussion covers…”这样的线索。一般用现在时来描述。

结论通常用现在和将来时表示。例如“this review may help…”、“we propose…”和“this technique will be extremely useful in helping…”这样的表达可以帮助理解这一部分。

最后,作者常用现在时和过去时来表示目前研究的不足,用现在时和将来时来表示将来的研究。像“future perspectives on… are presented”这样的表达和“the present review outlines the opportunities and limitations of…”可以作为定位这一部分的线索。

广读精思:综述类文章的摘要 - 图3

线索词

摘要的每个部分都有一些典型词汇,如下所示。

【研究背景的信号词】
A recent review of the literature on this topic has found that..
More recent evidence shows that…
Many attempts have been made in order to…
In recent years, … has attracted substantial attention from…
In recent years there has been a growing interest in…
Several researchers have been exploring the use of…
Current research has provided a descriptive overview of…

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【综述重点的信号词】
This review provides a detailed summary of the research conducted on…
This paper provides a concise review of recent advances in.
This review concentrates on…
This review describes.. .
This review organizes ideas on…
A systematic review has been performed fllowing….
This review reports the overview of…

【综述细节的信号词】
We particularly focus on….
In particular, we are concerned with…
Emphasis of this article isplaced on…
This article evaluates…
…is illustrated/considered/presented in thispaper.

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【研究结论的信号词】
The authors hope that this work will be helpful for…
Our survey concludes that current research has generated, a number of useful insighis.
We figure out many fundamental questions that remain unanswered in this article.
In this article, we make the interested reader aware of the possibilities of. ..
The present analysis confirms prior expert opinions on…
This technique will be extremely useful in helping…

【未来展望的信号词】
Further efforts at… are still needed.
We recommend that…
We suggest several approaches to the next stage of research in this field.
We identify many changes in… that raise new questions for further research.
Future research into… is recommended.

广读精思:综述类文章的摘要 - 图6