源 YouTube 地址
from know absolutely nothing on sth to be quite good, and knowing you are good at sth, takes 20 hours.
很多人都相信，需要某方面一万小时 focusingly and systematically 的刻意练习，才能成为某方面的专家，需要一万小时，才能做到擅长一件事，最终变成了需一万小时才能学什么东西，这是典型的以讹传讹。一万小时定律适用的场合是想要达到最高 level，而不是普通意义上的 quite good。实际上，从一无所知到 quite good，还算擅长一件事所花时间大约是 20 个有效小时 。从真实实践需求的角度来说，我们普通人决定学个什么玩意，绝对不需要达到最高 level，而只需要达到外人眼中的 quite good 即可。20 小时是基本是一个月每天 40min 的时间。
the broadly method is:

1. 明确你的实际目的 decide exactly what you want

what do you want to be able to do? what is it going to look like when you are down? 你越清楚越完整地定义你想要做的事情，你就能越快地找到去高效实现你的预期目标的方法；define a target “performance level”, how well do you want to be able to perform? what does that performance actually look like in the moment?

2. 解构技能

most things we think as skills are not just one skill, they are bundles of smaller sub skills. 把技能尽可能分解成子技能们直到可以下手可以行动 until feasible，and practice the most important individual sub skills, things that you are going to use most first. That allows you to focus on the element of practice that actually give you the performance that you are looking for.

3. Research just enough

to identify the most important sub skills, to be able to self correct as practicing. 3-5 books, courses, people or resources that can help you do the initial deconstruction, and understand which are the still sub skills that are going to help you get as good as you possibly can, as quickly as possible. 不要过度准备实质拖延，3-5 个资源足以，then skim them, 找到 3-5 个资源中重复大量出现的共同点，those are things/subskills you should know and important, probably should practice first.

4. 消除实践障碍，创造一个少打扰的合适的环境

让自己更容易坐下来真正集中精力，花长段的时间，去做你想做的，想要做得更好的事情。anything you can do to make it easy for yourself to practice, do that! 不要指着单凭自己的意志力可以抵御各种干扰，这想法蠢且行不通。make it easy for yourself to do the thins you want to do! Anything you can do to remove friction, remove effort from desiring to practice to actually getting started, is a benefit! It really helps you do what you already decided to do!

5. before you begin，预先承诺 at least 20 小时的专注的刻意的练习， it serves a couple of purposes

• 事前承诺要么至少 20 小时的专注练习，要么根本别去做，会逼着你检查 how important it is, I mean really.
• If it is really important ——> you willing to make that 20h pre commitment,
  • the early hours of practicing are frustrating for everyone, you know you are absolutely horrible at that stage，需明白这种痛苦沮丧 early hours frustration 就是 how skill acqusition works 的一个基本特征，这就是入门过程的那个代价 price。By pre commiting to at least 20 hours of practice, you are guaranteeing to yourself, that you are going to make it through those early frustrating hours where nothing is working, or you come up against unexpected obstacles, or you are really horrible and you are not comfortable with that. 通过预先承诺一定的时间，you are guaranteeing to yourself, that you are able to push past the early frustration, and actually see results from your practice! 20 小时是一条底线，20小时的刻意练习已经足够长，to serve really dramatic result 可以带来一些令人印象深刻的成果了，且也没长到让人打退堂鼓。There is no magic to it, it’s just focused strategic effort, invested in sth you care about, and sth that is going to be rewarding to yourself and to your life.
• 20h 后达到一定的水平后，if you want to keep improving, just do it again! just another 20 hours, and decide what you want go from there!

在我们一生中，我们都有能力学习成百上千种不同的东西。超乎常识的是，学习的过程 the process of learning 并不难，what we are doing in the process, is really just removing all of the frustrations, all of the barriers, all of the things that get in the way of us sitting down and doing the work!
不应该东一榔头西一棒槌，not really amassing enough to time get good at sth，而应该 shaping our behaviour in such a way that we will actually see results from the time and attention that we’re spending, 最终可以 improving something!
when you sit down and learn sth, these are the things that everybody naturally does, we just have a choice, we can do it the hard, inefficient way, or we can do it the easy, straightforward，strategic way .（在这里 hard 指环境有各种干扰，inefficient 指的是没有practice the most important subskills, things that you are going to use most first。strategic 大概指这整个五步过程）If you do the strategic way, you can save yourself a lot of time, a lot of energy, a lot of effort!

学习要付出的 price 是一部分是情绪上的恐惧沮丧不舒服，通过 20h 承诺可以克服。一部分是创造适合的学习环境用来抵御各种直击人性的诱惑，抵御各种干扰来集中注意力所付出的努力。 学习过程，所谓吸收的内容本身并不难，如果你觉着学的内容其实不难，通常说明你分解任务分解的好分解的正确！
东一榔头西一棒槌花一两小时就看效果，通过这种方式决定我不擅长，我不要做什么是不正确，很糟糕的。