观察和遥测 - 8. 远程访问遥测组件 - 《运维笔记 - 教程》

1. 配置远程访问
- 1.1 安全的访问（HTTPS)
- 1.2 不安全的访问（HTTP）
2. 清除本实验

这个任务展示了如何配置Istio暴露和访问集群的遥测以外的插件。

1. 配置远程访问

远程访问的遥测插件可以在许多不同的方式进行配置。这个任务包括两个基本的访问方法:安全(通过HTTPS)和安全(通过HTTP)。安全方法,强烈建议任何生产或敏感的环境。不安全的访问是简单的设置,但不能保护您的集群外的任何证书或数据传输。

针对这两个选项，首先遵循以下这些步骤：

在你的集群中安装Istio

另外安装遥测插件，使用以下安装选项：

Grafana: —set values.grafana.enabled=true
Kiali: —set values.kiali.enabled=true
Prometheus: —set values.prometheus.enabled=true
Tracing: —set values.tracing.enabled=true

使用一个域名去暴露组件，在该案例中，你可以在每个子域名中暴露组件，比如 grafana.example.com

假如你有一个已存在的域名指向你的istio-ingressgateway的外部IP地址

$ export INGRESS_DOMAIN=<your.desired.domain>

假如你没有一个域名，你可能使用nip.io，它会自动的解析提供的IP地址，这在生产环境中是不推荐的。

$ export INGRESS_HOST=$(kubectl -n istio-system get service istio-ingressgateway -o jsonpath='{.status.loadBalancer.ingress[0].ip}')
$ export INGRESS_DOMAIN=${INGRESS_HOST}.nip.io

1.1 安全的访问（HTTPS)

针对安全的访问，服务器证书必须的。针对你控制域名，遵循下面步骤去安装和配置服务器证书。

构建证书，本案例使用Openssl去自签

$ CERT_DIR=/tmp/certs
$ mkdir -p ${CERT_DIR}
$ openssl req -x509 -sha256 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 -subj '/O=example Inc./CN=*.${INGRESS_DOMAIN}' -keyout ${CERT_DIR}/ca.key -out ${CERT_DIR}/ca.crt
$ openssl req -out ${CERT_DIR}/cert.csr -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -keyout ${CERT_DIR}/tls.key -subj "/CN=*.${INGRESS_DOMAIN}/O=example organization"
$ openssl x509 -req -days 365 -CA ${CERT_DIR}/ca.crt -CAkey ${CERT_DIR}/ca.key -set_serial 0 -in ${CERT_DIR}/cert.csr -out ${CERT_DIR}/tls.crt
$ kubectl create -n istio-system secret tls telemetry-gw-cert --key=${CERT_DIR}/tls.key --cert=${CERT_DIR}/tls.crt

应用下面的配置去暴露Grafana

$ cat <<EOF | kubectl apply -f -
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: Gateway
metadata:
  name: grafana-gateway
  namespace: istio-system
spec:
  selector:
    istio: ingressgateway
  servers:
  - port:
      number: 443
      name: https-grafana
      protocol: HTTPS
    tls:
      mode: SIMPLE
      credentialName: telemetry-gw-cert
    hosts:
    - "grafana.${INGRESS_DOMAIN}"
---
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: VirtualService
metadata:
  name: grafana-vs
  namespace: istio-system
spec:
  hosts:
  - "grafana.${INGRESS_DOMAIN}"
  gateways:
  - grafana-gateway
  http:
  - route:
    - destination:
        host: grafana
        port:
          number: 3000
---
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: DestinationRule
metadata:
  name: grafana
  namespace: istio-system
spec:
  host: grafana
  trafficPolicy:
    tls:
      mode: DISABLE
---
EOF

应用下面的配置去暴露Kiali

$ cat <<EOF | kubectl apply -f -
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: Gateway
metadata:
  name: kiali-gateway
  namespace: istio-system
spec:
  selector:
    istio: ingressgateway
  servers:
  - port:
      number: 443
      name: https-kiali
      protocol: HTTPS
    tls:
      mode: SIMPLE
      credentialName: telemetry-gw-cert
    hosts:
    - "kiali.${INGRESS_DOMAIN}"
---
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: VirtualService
metadata:
  name: kiali-vs
  namespace: istio-system
spec:
  hosts:
  - "kiali.${INGRESS_DOMAIN}"
  gateways:
  - kiali-gateway
  http:
  - route:
    - destination:
        host: kiali
        port:
          number: 20001
---
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: DestinationRule
metadata:
  name: kiali
  namespace: istio-system
spec:
  host: kiali
  trafficPolicy:
    tls:
      mode: DISABLE
---
EOF

应用下面的配置去暴露prometheus

$ cat <<EOF | kubectl apply -f -
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: Gateway
metadata:
  name: prometheus-gateway
  namespace: istio-system
spec:
  selector:
    istio: ingressgateway
  servers:
  - port:
      number: 443
      name: https-prom
      protocol: HTTPS
    tls:
      mode: SIMPLE
      credentialName: telemetry-gw-cert
    hosts:
    - "prometheus.${INGRESS_DOMAIN}"
---
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: VirtualService
metadata:
  name: prometheus-vs
  namespace: istio-system
spec:
  hosts:
  - "prometheus.${INGRESS_DOMAIN}"
  gateways:
  - prometheus-gateway
  http:
  - route:
    - destination:
        host: prometheus
        port:
          number: 9090
---
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: DestinationRule
metadata:
  name: prometheus
  namespace: istio-system
spec:
  host: prometheus
  trafficPolicy:
    tls:
      mode: DISABLE
---
EOF

利用下面的配置去暴露追踪服务

$ cat <<EOF | kubectl apply -f -
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: Gateway
metadata:
  name: tracing-gateway
  namespace: istio-system
spec:
  selector:
    istio: ingressgateway
  servers:
  - port:
      number: 443
      name: https-tracing
      protocol: HTTPS
    tls:
      mode: SIMPLE
      credentialName: telemetry-gw-cert
    hosts:
    - "tracing.${INGRESS_DOMAIN}"
---
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: VirtualService
metadata:
  name: tracing-vs
  namespace: istio-system
spec:
  hosts:
  - "tracing.${INGRESS_DOMAIN}"
  gateways:
  - tracing-gateway
  http:
  - route:
    - destination:
        host: tracing
        port:
          number: 80
---
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: DestinationRule
metadata:
  name: tracing
  namespace: istio-system
spec:
  host: tracing
  trafficPolicy:
    tls:
      mode: DISABLE
---
EOF

在浏览器中访问遥测插件

Kiali: https://kiali.${INGRESS_DOMAIN}
Prometheus: https://prometheus.${INGRESS_DOMAIN}
Grafana: https://grafana.${INGRESS_DOMAIN}
Tracing: https://tracing.${INGRESS_DOMAIN}

1.2 不安全的访问（HTTP）

针对遥测插件应该网络配置

应用下列配置去暴露Grafana

$ cat <<EOF | kubectl apply -f -
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: Gateway
metadata:
  name: grafana-gateway
  namespace: istio-system
spec:
  selector:
    istio: ingressgateway
  servers:
  - port:
      number: 80
      name: http-grafana
      protocol: HTTP
    hosts:
    - "grafana.${INGRESS_DOMAIN}"
---
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: VirtualService
metadata:
  name: grafana-vs
  namespace: istio-system
spec:
  hosts:
  - "grafana.${INGRESS_DOMAIN}"
  gateways:
  - grafana-gateway
  http:
  - route:
    - destination:
        host: grafana
        port:
          number: 3000
---
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: DestinationRule
metadata:
  name: grafana
  namespace: istio-system
spec:
  host: grafana
  trafficPolicy:
    tls:
      mode: DISABLE
---
EOF

应用下列配置去暴露Kiali

$ cat <<EOF | kubectl apply -f -
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: Gateway
metadata:
  name: kiali-gateway
  namespace: istio-system
spec:
  selector:
    istio: ingressgateway
  servers:
  - port:
      number: 80
      name: http-kiali
      protocol: HTTP
    hosts:
    - "kiali.${INGRESS_DOMAIN}"
---
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: VirtualService
metadata:
  name: kiali-vs
  namespace: istio-system
spec:
  hosts:
  - "kiali.${INGRESS_DOMAIN}"
  gateways:
  - kiali-gateway
  http:
  - route:
    - destination:
        host: kiali
        port:
          number: 20001
---
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: DestinationRule
metadata:
  name: kiali
  namespace: istio-system
spec:
  host: kiali
  trafficPolicy:
    tls:
      mode: DISABLE
---
EOF

应用下列配置去暴露prometheus

$ cat <<EOF | kubectl apply -f -
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: Gateway
metadata:
  name: prometheus-gateway
  namespace: istio-system
spec:
  selector:
    istio: ingressgateway
  servers:
  - port:
      number: 80
      name: http-prom
      protocol: HTTP
    hosts:
    - "prometheus.${INGRESS_DOMAIN}"
---
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: VirtualService
metadata:
  name: prometheus-vs
  namespace: istio-system
spec:
  hosts:
  - "prometheus.${INGRESS_DOMAIN}"
  gateways:
  - prometheus-gateway
  http:
  - route:
    - destination:
        host: prometheus
        port:
          number: 9090
---
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: DestinationRule
metadata:
  name: prometheus
  namespace: istio-system
spec:
  host: prometheus
  trafficPolicy:
    tls:
      mode: DISABLE
---
EOF

利用下列配置去暴露追踪服务器

$ cat <<EOF | kubectl apply -f -
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: Gateway
metadata:
  name: tracing-gateway
  namespace: istio-system
spec:
  selector:
    istio: ingressgateway
  servers:
  - port:
      number: 80
      name: http-tracing
      protocol: HTTP
    hosts:
    - "tracing.${INGRESS_DOMAIN}"
---
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: VirtualService
metadata:
  name: tracing-vs
  namespace: istio-system
spec:
  hosts:
  - "tracing.${INGRESS_DOMAIN}"
  gateways:
  - tracing-gateway
  http:
  - route:
    - destination:
        host: tracing
        port:
          number: 80
---
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: DestinationRule
metadata:
  name: tracing
  namespace: istio-system
spec:
  host: tracing
  trafficPolicy:
    tls:
      mode: DISABLE
---
EOF

在浏览器中访问遥测插件

Kiali: http://kiali.${INGRESS_DOMAIN}
Prometheus: http://prometheus.${INGRESS_DOMAIN}
Grafana: http://grafana.${INGRESS_DOMAIN}
Tracing: http://tracing.${INGRESS_DOMAIN}

2. 清除本实验

移除相关的Gateways

$ kubectl -n istio-system delete gateway grafana-gateway kiali-gateway prometheus-gateway tracing-gateway

移除相关的虚拟服务

$ kubectl -n istio-system delete virtualservice grafana-vs kiali-vs prometheus-vs tracing-vs

8. 远程访问遥测组件

1. 配置远程访问

1.1 安全的访问 （HTTPS)

1.2 不安全的访问 （HTTP）

2. 清除本实验

1.1 安全的访问（HTTPS)

1.2 不安全的访问（HTTP）