translate 翻译、转化
可以将文件中指定的内容替换。

替换字符

  1. #使用空格替换/etc/passwd文件的:冒号
  2. [root@kedacom wyl]# tr ':' ' ' < /etc/passwd
  3. root x 0 0 root /root /bin/bash
  4. bin x 1 1 bin /bin /sbin/nologin
  5. daemon x 2 2 daemon /sbin /sbin/nologin
  6. adm x 3 4 adm /var/adm /sbin/nologin
  7. lp x 4 7 lp /var/spool/lpd /sbin/nologin
  8. sync x 5 0 sync /sbin /bin/sync
  9. shutdown x 6 0 shutdown /sbin /sbin/shutdown
  10. halt x 7 0 halt /sbin /sbin/halt
  11. mail x 8 12 mail /var/spool/mail /sbin/nologin
  12. operator x 11 0 operator /root /sbin/nologin
  13. games x 12 100 games /usr/games /sbin/nologin
  14. ftp x 14 50 FTP User /var/ftp /sbin/nologin

删除字符

[root@kedacom wyl]# cat person
zhangsan student 21
lisi teacher 30
wanger student 20

#删除空格内容
[root@kedacom wyl]# tr -d ' ' < person
zhangsanstudent21
lisiteacher30
wangerstudent20

大小写转换

[root@kedacom wyl]# cat person
zhangsan student 21
lisi teacher 30
wanger student 20

#将文件中小写字母都更改为大写字母
[root@kedacom wyl]# tr 'a-z' 'A-Z' < person
ZHANGSAN STUDENT 21
LISI TEACHER 30
WANGER STUDENT 20

与管道技术结合

[root@kedacom wyl]# tail -2 /etc/passwd
kedacom:x:1004:0::/home/kedacom:/bin/bash
devupdate:x:1005:50::/var/nms/devversion:/bin/bash

#结合管理技术处理
[root@kedacom wyl]# tail -2 /etc/passwd | tr ':' ' '
kedacom x 1004 0  /home/kedacom /bin/bash
devupdate x 1005 50  /var/nms/devversion /bin/bash