一、实例要求
- 编写一个 Netty 群聊系统,实现服务器端和客户端之间的数据简单通讯(非阻塞)。
- 实现多人群聊。
- 服务器端:可以监测用户上线,离线,并实现消息转发功能。
- 客户端:通过 channel 可以无阻塞发送消息给其它所有用户,同时可以接受其它用户发送的消息(有服务器转发得到)。
-
二、代码
GroupChatClient
public class GroupChatClient {
private final String host;
private final int port;
public GroupChatClient(String host, int port) {
this.host = host;
this.port = port;
}
public void run() throws InterruptedException {
EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
try {
Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap();
bootstrap.group(group)
.channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
.handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
@Override
protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
pipeline.addLast("decoder", new StringDecoder());
pipeline.addLast("encoder", new StringEncoder());
pipeline.addLast(new GroupChatClientHandler());
}
});
ChannelFuture channelFuture = bootstrap.connect(host, port).sync();
// 得到channel
Channel channel = channelFuture.channel();
System.out.println("------" + channel.localAddress() + "--------------");
// 客户端需要输入信息,创建一个扫描器
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
while (scanner.hasNextLine()) {
String msg = scanner.nextLine();
// 通过channel 发送到服务器端
channel.writeAndFlush(msg + "\r\n");
}
} finally {
group.shutdownGracefully();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
new GroupChatClient("127.0.0.1", 6699).run();
}
}
GroupChatClientHandler
public class GroupChatClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<String> {
@Override
protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, String msg) throws Exception {
System.out.println("客户端读取:" + msg);
}
}
GroupChatServer
```java public class GroupChatServer { private int port; // 监听端口
GroupChatServer(int port) {
this.port = port;
}
// 编写 run 方法,处理客户端的请求 public void run() throws InterruptedException {
// 创建 两个线程组
NioEventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
NioEventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(3);
try {
ServerBootstrap serverBootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
serverBootstrap.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
.option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 128)
.childOption(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true)
.childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
@Override
protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
// 获取到 pipeline
ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
// 向 pipeline 假如解码器
pipeline.addLast("decoder", new StringDecoder());
// 加入 编码器
pipeline.addLast("coder", new StringEncoder());
// 处理业务
pipeline.addLast(new GroupChatServerHandler());
}
});
System.out.println("netty 服务器启动成功");
ChannelFuture channelFuture = serverBootstrap.bind(port).sync();
channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();
} finally {
bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
new GroupChatServer(6699).run();
}
}
<a name="Dg22U"></a>
## GroupChatServerHandler
```java
public class GroupChatServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<String> {
// 定义一个channel组,管理所有的channel
// GlobalEventExecutor.INSTANCE 全局事件执行器,是一个单例
private static ChannelGroup channelGroup = new DefaultChannelGroup(GlobalEventExecutor.INSTANCE);
private static SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
private static DateTimeFormatter dtf = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
/**
* 表示连接建立,一旦连接,第一个被执行
* 将当前 channel 加入到 channelGroup
*
* @param ctx
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public void handlerAdded(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
Channel channel = ctx.channel();
// 将该客户加入聊天的信息推送给其它在线的客户端
/**
* 该方法会将 channelGroup 中所有的 channel 遍历,并发送 消息
* 我们不需要自己遍历
*/
channelGroup.writeAndFlush("[客户端]" + LocalDateTime.now().format(dtf) + " " + channel.remoteAddress() + " 加入聊天");
channelGroup.add(channel);
}
/**
* 表示 断开连接,将 xx客户离开信息推送给当前在线的客户
*
* @param ctx
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public void handlerRemoved(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
Channel channel = ctx.channel();
channelGroup.writeAndFlush("[客户端]" + LocalDateTime.now().format(dtf) + " " + channel.remoteAddress() + " 离开了");
System.out.println("channelGroupSize is " + channelGroup.size());
}
/**
* 表示 channel 处于活动状态,提示 xx 上线
*
* @param ctx
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
System.out.println(LocalDateTime.now().format(dtf) + " " + ctx.channel().remoteAddress() + " 上线了~");
}
/**
* 表示 channel 处于不活跃状态,提示 xx 下线
*
* @param ctx
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public void channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
System.out.println(LocalDateTime.now().format(dtf) + " " + ctx.channel().remoteAddress() + " 离线了~");
}
/**
* 读取数据并执行业务操作
*
* @param ctx
* @param msg
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, String msg) throws Exception {
// 获取到当前 channel
Channel channel = ctx.channel();
// 遍历 channelgroup,根据不同的情况,回送不同的消息
channelGroup.forEach(ch -> {
if (channel != ch) {
// 不是当前的 channel,转发消息 (不发给自己)
ch.writeAndFlush("[客户]" + LocalDateTime.now().format(dtf) + " " + channel.remoteAddress() + "发送了消息:" + msg);
} else {
// 发给自己
ch.writeAndFlush("[自动发送了消息]" + sdf.format(new Date()) + " " + msg);
}
});
}
/**
* 异常
*
* @param ctx
* @param cause
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
System.out.println("【服务器异常】" + LocalDateTime.now().format(dtf) + " " + ctx.toString());
cause.printStackTrace();
ctx.close();
}
}