准备机器，环境初始化
使用“CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511”镜像创建虚拟机，最少2核4G，配置IP和本地yum源

1.关闭防火墙和selinux

# systemctl stop firewalld
# systemctl disable firewalld
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/basic.target.wants/firewalld.service.
# setenforce 0
# vi /etc/selinux/config 
# cat /etc/selinux/config 
 # This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
 # SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
 #     enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
 #     permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
 #     disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
 SELINUX=disabled
 # SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three two values:
 #     targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
 #     minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are   protected. 
 #     mls - Multi Level Security protection.
 SELINUXTYPE=targeted

2.获取zabbix下载源

#rpm -Uvh https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/5.0/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-5.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm

可以看到配置文件zabbix.repo

# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/
CentOS-Base.repo  local.repo  zabbix.repo

更换zabbix.repo源为阿里的

#sed -i 's#http://repo.zabbix.com#https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix#' /etc/yum.repos.d/zabbix.repo 
# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/zabbix.repo 
[zabbix]
name=Zabbix Official Repository - $basearch
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/5.0/rhel/7/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-ZABBIX-A14FE591
[zabbix-frontend]
name=Zabbix Official Repository frontend - $basearch
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/5.0/rhel/7/$basearch/frontend
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-ZABBIX-A14FE591
[zabbix-debuginfo]
name=Zabbix Official Repository debuginfo - $basearch
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/5.0/rhel/7/$basearch/debuginfo/
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-ZABBIX-A14FE591
gpgcheck=1
[zabbix-non-supported]
name=Zabbix Official Repository non-supported - $basearch
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/non-supported/rhel/7/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-ZABBIX
gpgcheck=1

清空缓存，下载zabbix服务端

#yum clean all
#yum makecache  --生成缓存

3.安装zabbix服务节点数据库服务和客户节点

yum install -y zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-agent

PS：如果显示有密钥但无法yum成功可尝试以下命令

#rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7  --更新检索密钥

4.安装SCL（Software Collection）工具

安装SCL可以在一个系统中安装多个不同版本的软件，同时不会影响到整个系统的依赖环境，会将所有的配置文件都放在/opt/rh/package-name中

#yum install -y centos-release-scl

若无法安装则需要下载阿里源，命令如下：

#wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo
#sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
#yum makecache

5.修改zabbix-front前端源，修改如下参数

[zabbix-frontend]
name=Zabbix Official Repository frontend - $basearch
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/5.0/rhel/7/$basearch/frontend
enabled=1         #修改此处的参数
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-ZABBIX-A14FE591

6.安装zabbix前端环境，且是安装到scl环境下

此时不会直接装在本机，而会装在/opt/rh目录下

#yum install -y zabbix-web-mysql-scl zabbix-apache-conf-scl

7.安装zabbix所需的数据库，mariadb

#yum install -y mariadb-server

8.配置mariadb数据库

设置开机自启

#systemctl enable --now mariadb
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mariadb.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service.

9.初始化数据库，设置密码为123456

#mysql_secure_installation
......
Enter current password for root (enter for none): 
......
Set root password? [Y/n] y
......
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
......
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] n
......
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
......
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
......
Thanks for using MariaDB!

登陆数据库

#mysql -uroot -p
Enter password：
MariaDB [(none)]> exit
Bye
[root@client ~]#

10.添加数据库用户，以及zabbix所需的数据库信息

#mysql -uroot -p
Enter password：
MariaDB [(none)]> create database zabbix character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;
Query OK，1 row offected（0.00 sec）
MariaDB [(none)]> create user zabbix@client identified by '123456';
Query OK，1 row offected（0.00 sec）
创建一个新用户账户名是zabbix允许client登陆密码设置为123456
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix@localhost;
Query OK，1 row offected（0.00 sec）
给zabbix用户里所有的表所有权限
MariaDB [(none)]>flush privileges;
刷新授权表
MariaDB [(none)]> exit 
Bye

11.使用zabbix-mysql命令，导入数据库信息

mysql -u用户名 -p 数据库名

#zcat /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql-5.0.*/create.sql.gz | mysql -uroot -p123456 zabbix
进入数据库
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| zabbix             |
+--------------------+
MariaDB [(none)]> use zabbix;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
MariaDB [zabbix]> show tables;
+----------------------------+
| Tables_in_zabbix           |
+----------------------------+
| acknowledges               |
| actions                    |
| alerts                     |
| application_discovery      |
| application_prototype      |
| application_template       |
| applications               |
| auditlog                   |
| auditlog_details           |
| autoreg_host               |
| conditions                 |
| config                     |
| config_autoreg_tls         |
| corr_condition             |
| corr_condition_group       |
| corr_condition_tag         |
| corr_condition_tagpair     |
| corr_condition_tagvalue    |
| corr_operation             |
| correlation                |
| dashboard                  |
| dashboard_user             |
| dashboard_usrgrp           |
| dbversion                  |
| dchecks                    |
| dhosts                     |
| drules                     |
| dservices                  |
| escalations                |
| event_recovery             |
| event_suppress             |
| event_tag                  |
| events                     |
| expressions                |
| functions                  |
| globalmacro                |
| globalvars                 |
| graph_discovery            |
| graph_theme                |
| graphs                     |
| graphs_items               |
| group_discovery            |
| group_prototype            |
| history                    |
| history_log                |
| history_str                |
| history_text               |
| history_uint               |
| host_discovery             |
| host_inventory             |
| host_tag                   |
| hostmacro                  |
| hosts                      |
| hosts_groups               |
| hosts_templates            |
| housekeeper                |
| hstgrp                     |
| httpstep                   |
| httpstep_field             |
| httpstepitem               |
| httptest                   |
| httptest_field             |
| httptestitem               |
| icon_map                   |
| icon_mapping               |
| ids                        |
| images                     |
| interface                  |
| interface_discovery        |
| interface_snmp             |
| item_application_prototype |
| item_condition             |
| item_discovery             |
| item_preproc               |
| item_rtdata                |
| items                      |
| items_applications         |
| lld_macro_path             |
| lld_override               |
| lld_override_condition     |
| lld_override_opdiscover    |
| lld_override_operation     |
| lld_override_ophistory     |
| lld_override_opinventory   |
| lld_override_opperiod      |
| lld_override_opseverity    |
| lld_override_opstatus      |
| lld_override_optag         |
| lld_override_optemplate    |
| lld_override_optrends      |
| maintenance_tag            |
| maintenances               |
| maintenances_groups        |
| maintenances_hosts         |
| maintenances_windows       |
| mappings                   |
| media                      |
| media_type                 |
| media_type_message         |
| media_type_param           |
| module                     |
| opcommand                  |
| opcommand_grp              |
| opcommand_hst              |
| opconditions               |
| operations                 |
| opgroup                    |
| opinventory                |
| opmessage                  |
| opmessage_grp              |
| opmessage_usr              |
| optemplate                 |
| problem                    |
| problem_tag                |
| profiles                   |
| proxy_autoreg_host         |
| proxy_dhistory             |
| proxy_history              |
| regexps                    |
| rights                     |
| screen_user                |
| screen_usrgrp              |
| screens                    |
| screens_items              |
| scripts                    |
| service_alarms             |
| services                   |
| services_links             |
| services_times             |
| sessions                   |
| slides                     |
| slideshow_user             |
| slideshow_usrgrp           |
| slideshows                 |
| sysmap_element_trigger     |
| sysmap_element_url         |
| sysmap_shape               |
| sysmap_url                 |
| sysmap_user                |
| sysmap_usrgrp              |
| sysmaps                    |
| sysmaps_elements           |
| sysmaps_link_triggers      |
| sysmaps_links              |
| tag_filter                 |
| task                       |
| task_acknowledge           |
| task_check_now             |
| task_close_problem         |
| task_data                  |
| task_remote_command        |
| task_remote_command_result |
| task_result                |
| timeperiods                |
| trends                     |
| trends_uint                |
| trigger_depends            |
| trigger_discovery          |
| trigger_tag                |
| triggers                   |
| users                      |
| users_groups               |
| usrgrp                     |
| valuemaps                  |
| widget                     |
| widget_field               |
+----------------------------+
166 rows in set (0.00 sec)

若显示无法找到该文件

解决办法：

编辑要导入的数据库文件
vim /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql-4.0.7/create.sql.gz
# 在第一行加上
use zabbix;

若提示数据库拒绝访问

解决办法：

#进入/etc/my.cnf目录下
vim /etc/my.cnf
#在[mysqld]这个条目下加入 skip-grant-tables 保存退出后重启mysql
[mysqld]
#作用是跳过登录的验证
#skip-grant-tables
port = 3306
basedir=C:\\softwaretool\\mysql-5.7.23-winx64
datadir=C:\\softwaretool\\mysql-5.7.23-winx64\\data 
max_connections=200
character-set-server=utf8
default-storage-engine=INNODB
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
max_allowed_packet = 20M
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
#重启服务
systemctl restart mariadb

12.修改zabbix-server配置文件，修改数据库密码

# vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
搜索/DBPa 找到DBPassword=行
删除注释符#改为“DBPassword=123456”

13.修改zabbix的php配置文件

#vim /etc/opt/rh/rh-php72/php-fpm.d/zabbix.conf 
#grep 'timezone'  /etc/opt/rh/rh-php72/php-fpm.d/zabbix.conf 
php_value[data，timezone] = Asia/shanghai

14.启动zabbix相关服务

#systemctl restart httpd.service

15.访问zabbix入口

192.168.200.10/zabbix
初始账号Admin
初始密码zabbix