[阅读材料]Characteristics of a good user experience | 良好的用户体验特征

Good design is easy to spot but often hard to pin down. What exactly makes a product effective to its users? Is it a matter of simplicity, structure, or functionality? The answer depends on the product in question.

好的设计很容易被发现，但往往难以确定。到底是什么让一个产品对它的用户有效？它是简单性、结构性还是功能性的问题？答案取决于问题产品。

In the earlier video, “The basics of user experience design”, you were introduced to some primary characteristics of good UX. These characteristics—usable, equitable, enjoyable, and useful—can help you evaluate a product’s design. In this reading, you’ll learn more about each one and why they’re important.

在早期的视频 “用户体验设计的基础” 中，您已经了解了优秀用户体验的一些基本特征。这些特性 —— 可用的、公平的、愉快的和有用的 —— 可以帮助你评估产品的设计。在这篇文章中，你将更多地了解每一个问题以及它们的重要性。

If a product is usable, it means the design, structure, and purpose of the product is clear and easy to use. As you evaluate a product for usability, you can ask questions like: Is everything in the design easy to find? Is the design’s functionality easy to understand? Can users accomplish specific tasks within the design? As you evaluate, these questions can help you determine whether the design delivers a usable experience.

如果一个产品是可用的，这意味着产品的设计，结构和用途是清晰的，易于使用。当你评估一个产品的可用性时，你可以问这样的问题: 设计中的所有东西都容易找到吗？设计的功能是否容易理解？用户能否在设计中完成特定的任务？在您评估时，这些问题可以帮助您确定设计是否提供了可用的体验。

Imagine you are evaluating the usability of an airline app. Assuming the primary purpose of this app is to book a flight, the design should provide a clear and easy way to complete that task. For example, a section where you can easily enter travel and flight details on the homepage would be an example of good usability.

假设您正在评估航空公司应用程序的可用性。假设这个应用程序的主要目的是预订航班，设计应该提供一个清晰和简单的方式来完成这个任务。例如，你可以在主页上方便地输入旅行和航班的详细信息，这就是一个很好的可用性的例子。

If a product is equitable, it means a design is helpful to people with diverse abilities and backgrounds. In other words, the product’s design addresses the needs of a diverse audience and ensures a high-quality experience is delivered to all users regardless of background, gender, race, or ability. Equity means providing people with the tools they need to accomplish their goals and support improved quality of life. Equity goes beyond the concept of equality, where everyone is given equal resources, because people often need different tools and support based on their needs. This is especially important to keep in mind for those in commonly disenfranchised groups. As you evaluate the equity of a product’s UX, you can ask questions like: Are the needs of a diverse group of users considered? Does the product’s design address the needs of traditionally underrepresented and excluded groups? These questions can help you determine whether the design delivers an equitable experience.

如果一个产品是公平的，这意味着一个设计对不同能力和背景的人是有帮助的。换句话说，该产品的设计满足了不同受众的需求，并确保了高质量的体验交付给所有用户，而不论其背景、性别、种族或能力如何。公平意味着为人们提供实现目标和改善生活质量所需的工具。公平超越了平等的概念，平等给予每个人平等的资源，因为人们往往需要不同的工具和支持，以满足他们的需要。对于那些普遍被剥夺权利的群体来说，牢记这一点尤为重要。当你评估产品用户体验的公平性时，你可以问这样的问题: 是否考虑了不同用户群体的需求？产品的设计是否满足了传统上代表性不足和被排斥群体的需求？这些问题可以帮助您确定设计是否提供了公平的体验。

Imagine you are evaluating how equitable a social messaging app is. You might consider the design more equitable if the keyboard emoji list includes different skin tones and gender-neutral avatar options.

想象一下，你正在评估一个社交信息应用程序的公平性。如果键盘表情包含不同肤色和中性化身选项，你可能会认为设计更公平。

If a product is enjoyable, it means the design delights the user. The design reflects what the user may be thinking or feeling and creates a positive connection with them. A product’s design doesn’t have to be enjoyable for it to function properly. But, an enjoyable design adds to an already functional product and can enhance the user’s feelings about the experience. As you evaluate how enjoyable a product’s UX is, you can ask questions like: Are there aspects of the design that consider the user’s feelings? Does the design inspire delight in the user? Does the design keep the user engaged throughout their experience? These questions can help you determine whether the design delivers an enjoyable experience.

Imagine you are evaluating how enjoyable a video streaming app is. Design aspects that might increase how much you enjoy the product include personalized recommendations based on previous watching habits, or the ability to customize the appearance of your account.

If a product is useful, that means it solves user problems. In other words, the design intentionally solves a user problem that the designer has identified. It’s important to note that, while similar, useful and usable have different meanings. A product that is useful isn’t always usable. The same is true for the opposite. The distinction between the two is that usability refers to the product working well and being easy to use, while usefulness refers directly to the ability to solve user problems. As you evaluate how useful a product’s UX is, you can ask questions like: Does the design add value to the user’s experience? Does the design solve a problem for the user? Does the design help the user achieve a specific goal? These questions can help you determine whether the design delivers a useful experience.

Imagine you’re evaluating how useful a banking app is. Users typically download these apps because they need a place to manage their money. With this in mind, aspects of the app that might be considered useful are features that can be used to transfer money between accounts and pay bills.

Explore real examples of great UX design

Observe the world around you and you’ll find endless examples of great UX design. Don’t believe us?

Check out this article about good design from the Google Design team to discover the genius in the designs of everyday objects you might have previously overlooked.
https://www.coursera.org/learn/foundations-user-experience-design/supplement/IXXnj/characteristics-of-a-good-user-experience