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课程链接：https://www.coursera.org/professional-certificates/google-ux-design

W1.introducing user experience design

W1学习目标：

  • Identify and compare disciplines within UX 识别和比较用户体验中的规则
  • Identify the factors that contribute to great user experience design 找出那些有助于优秀的用户体验设计的因素
  • Review common job responsibilities of entry-level UX designers 回顾入门级用户体验设计师的常见工作职责
  • Review teams that UX designers often work with 用户体验设计师经常与之合作的评审团队
  • Explain how UX design jobs are influenced by company size and industry 解释用户体验设计工作如何受到公司规模和行业的影响
  • Explore job opportunities available upon completion of this program 在完成本项目后，寻找可用的工作机会
  • Define the field of UX and explain its importance for consumers and businesses 定义用户体验的领域，并解释它对消费者和企业的重要性

“用户体验”一词最早出现在 1990 年代， 认知心理学家唐·诺曼 (Don Norman) 随着技术使用的扩大和发展。 虽然这个词是最近才出现的 用户体验的原则实际上可以追溯到几千年前， 一直到中国古代，风水的实践开始的地方。

从业者认为，物理空间的布置， 就像家具在房间里的摆放方式一样，能给人带来好运或 改善他们的健康和幸福。 今天，许多不同的行业仍然依赖于这些相同的基本理念。 在科技世界中，用户体验主要关注人们如何使用或 与产品互动。

一些有用的 UX 设计资源:

  • 交互设计基础：一个开源 UX 设计资源库，包括每天发布的新文章。还有当地的聚会（虚拟和面对面），可以免费参加并向所有人开放。
  • Adobe XD Ideas：为入门级 UX 设计师策划的博客。你会发现伟大的设计、宝贵的职业技巧等鼓舞人心的例子。
  • UX Collective on Medium：一个文章平台，包含关于用户体验、视觉设计、产品设计等方面的故事。Medium 上的文章是由各种各样的作家撰写的，涵盖了一系列主题。
  • Nielsen Norman Group：基于研究的 UX 指南，包括大量关于设计过程、研究方法和用户测试的有用文章，您将在稍后的证书课程中了解这些内容。

    01.Get to know user experience design了解用户体验设计

    The basics of user experience design用户体验设计的基础(定义）

    for a user to have a good experience, the product needs to be useable, equitable, enjoyable, and useful.
    对于好的用户体验，产品需具备：可用的、平等的、愉悦的、易用的

usability可用性（making something easier to use）
This means that the design, structure, and purpose of the product are clear to everyone.
每个用户可以清楚的理解产品的设计、结构和目的
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equitable平等性
means your designs are useful and marketable to people with diverse abilities and backgrounds.
平等性意味着你的设计对于能力和背景不同的人都是有用和匹配的。

equitable愉悦感
creates a positive connection between the user and the product.
在产品和用户之间产生积极的联系

useful有用的
meaning they solve our problems.
可以帮助我们解决问题

总结
Basically, it comes down to this: When people like a product, they use that product a lot,
and they recommended it to their friends. And more people using the product means better business for the company. Plus, when users have a good experience with the product, they’re more likely to have a positive opinion of the company that made it. A win-win for the user and the business.
基本上，归结起来就是:当人们喜欢某种产品时,他们经常使用这种产品,他们把它推荐给朋友更多的人使用这个产品， 对公司来说意味着更好的生意。另外，当用户对产品有一个良好的体验时,他们更有可能对制造它的公司有正面的评价。创造用户与企业双赢

Jobs in the field of user experience用户体验工作的领域

用户体验设计师有很多种类：
interaction designers, 交互设计师, visual designers视觉设计师, and motion designers. 动效设计师。
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Design for a good user experience设计一个良好的用户体验

[阅读材料]Characteristics of a good user experience | 良好的用户体验特征


02.Explore jobs in user experience

Job responsibilities of entry-level UX designers入门级用户体验设计师的工作职责

入门级用户体验师的典型责任：
Researching, wireframing, prototyping, 研究，线框化，原型化,
creating information architecture, 创建信息架构,
and communicating effectively. 和有效的沟通
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（1）Reasearch
UX designers use research to understand audiences and learn about their backgrounds;demographics, like age and location; motivations; pain points; emotions; and life goals. There’s a lot to learn about users and their preferences, and UX designers want to discover as much as they can in order to inform their product’s design.
用户体验设计师利用研究 了解听众，了解他们的背景;比如年龄和地理位置;动机; 痛点; 情感; 和人生目标,还有需要了解很多关于用户和他们的喜好的东西,用户体验设计师想要尽可能多的发现用户可为产品设计告知的信息。

（2）wireframing
wireframe is an outline or a sketch of a product or a screen. It helps the designer figure out how a page is arranged, where each piece of a product fits in with the others, and how users will likely interact with the product. Wireframing is one of the first steps designers take when building a new product or feature. It’s done after or at the same time as the research. We can wireframe by drawing on paper or digitally on a computer.
Here are some examples of wireframes I’ve done. This is for a webpage on Google’s transparency report.
Notice that they’re just basic drawings? But you can tell what goes where. These wireframes were designed to demonstrate the basic structure of the page to gain support from key stakeholders, people with a business interest in the final product.
线框图是一个产品或屏幕的大纲或草图，它帮助设计师们高清如何排布页面，产品的每个部分的如何与其他部分相互配合，以及用户可能如何与产品互动。线框图是构建新产品的第一步…
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（3）Prototype
prototype is an early model of a product that demonstrates functionality, like a wireframe, but a lot more advanced. While a wireframe gives you a general idea of where things go and how the product will function, a prototype illustrates a progression from one screen to the next. We can draw our prototypes on paper, create a physical prototype, or build a digital prototype.
原型是产品的早期模型它展示了功能性，比如线框图,但是更先进，虽然线框图给你一个大概的概念，产品将如何运作,但原型说明了一个过程，从一个屏幕到下一个屏幕，我们可以在纸上画出原型,或创建一个物理原型,或数字原型。

（4）creating information architecture
which is the framework of a website, or how it’s organized, categorized, and structured.
创建信息构架是创建一个网站的框架或者它是如何组织、分类和结构的。

（5）communication
like meetings with colleagues, writing emails, creating proposals, or pitching clients.
比如和同事开会,写电子邮件，提出建议，或者推销客户

Specialists, generalists, and T-shaped designers专家/通才和T型设计师

（1）generalist
Generalist UX designers are common at smaller companies with fewer employees, as these companies don’t have big design departments. You might have to wear many hats. A generalist might be responsible for a combination of user research, branding, user flows, UX writing, visual design, prototyping, production design,
information architecture, and usability testing, among other things.
通才型是一个肩负广泛职责的用户体验设计师，你可能有很多种角色，一个多面手可能要负责结合用户研究、品牌、用户流、UX写作、视觉设计、原型设计、产品设计、信息构架以及可用性测试和其他。
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（1）Specialist
if you become really interested in one part of UX design, you might find your niche as a specialist. A specialist dives deep into one particular UX design role, like interaction, visual, or motion design. While a generalist has a breadth of knowledge, a specialist has more depth of knowledge in one kind of UX design. Specialists usually work at large companies where the organization can afford to have a big team of UX designers.
如果你真的变得对用户体验设计的一个部分感兴趣,你可能会发现你适合做专家,专家深入研究一个特殊的用户体验设计角色,比如互动，视觉，或者动作设计。 虽然一个通才有广博的知识,一个专家更有深度。专家型通常在拥有较大的用户体验设计团队的大公司工作。

（3）T-shaped designer
A T-shaped designer specializes in one kind of UX design and has a breadth of knowledge in other areas. This is called a T-shaped designer because your skills look like an uppercase T. The vertical line of the T is the kind of UX design you specialize in, like visual design. The horizontal line across the top of the T includes your complementary skills. These skills might come from other fields, like interaction design, that crossover with your specialties or soft skills that help you work more effectively.
随着你事业的发展, 你可能会成为 t 型设计师，T 型设计师专门设计一种用户体验设计，并在其他领域有广泛的知识
这就是所谓的 t 型设计师，因为你的技术看起来像个大写的 t T 的垂直线是你擅长的用户体验设计，比如视觉设计
横跨顶部的水平线 包括你的补充技能 这些技能可能来自于其他领域，比如交互设计,与你的专长相交叉软技能，帮助你更有效地工作。

image.pngWork in a cross-functional team在跨职能团队中工作

Imagine you’re working on an app for ordering food. You and your team want to build a new feature that shows users restaurants that offer allergen-free meals.
想象一下你正在开发一个订餐的应用程序， 你和你的团队想要建立一个新的功能，向用户展示餐厅
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03.Understand the types of companies that hire UX designers

了解雇佣用户体验设计师的公司类型

UX design jobs at different types of companies不同类型公司的用户体验设计工作


（1）startup or a small business. 创业公司或者小型企业
startup is a new business that wants to develop a unique product or service and bring it to market. Startups generally have tight budgets and few employees. So each person has to perform a variety of jobs and move quickly.
创业公司是一个新的企业，它希望开发一个独特的产品或服务，并且创业公司通常预算紧张，员工很少。因此每个人必须负责多种工作，并且动作要快。
if you’re a UX designer at a startup or other small businesses, you’ll likely be a generalist. Designers at companies with fewer employees get involved in many parts of the business. You might be responsible for both interaction and visual design, conduct user research, or even help with marketing. Talk about having a lot of jobs to do! Working at a startup or small business can be stressful but also very rewarding. You’ll learn quickly, so it can be a great way to launch your career.
如果你是一个初创企业或其他小型企业的用户体验设计师,你可能会成为一个多面手。员工较少的公司的设计师可以得到，你可能需要为你的业务负责、交互和视觉设计，进行用户研究，甚至在市场营销方面提供帮助，有很多工作要做。在创业公司或者小公司工作可能会有压力，但是也会有回报，你会学得很快,所以这是你事业起步的好机会。
（2）freelance
reelancers work for themselves and market their services to businesses to find customers. As a freelancer, you get to pick projects that interest you, make your own schedule, and work with a lot of different brands.
自由职业者为自己工作,向企业推销他们的服务以寻找客户,作为一个自由职业者，你可以选择自己感兴趣的项目,制定你自己的日程表，和许多不同的品牌合作。

（3）advertising agencies广告公司
Advertising agencies are teams of creatives hired by clients to build marketing campaigns. For example, a beverage company might hire an ad agency to create a campaign for a new soda. As a UX designer, you might be responsible for developing wireframes and designs for digital products for the new campaign. You may also do work that’s outside of the usual UX design tasks, like graphic design or writing. Working at an ad agency is a lot like freelancing in that you get to work with a bunch of different brands, but you’ll be employed by the agency, instead of being self-employed, and you’ll be part of a team.
广告代理公司是客户雇佣的创意团队来创造营销互动。例如，一家饮料公司可能会雇佣一家广告代理公司来为年创建一个活动。作为一个用户体验设计师，你可能要负责新活动的开发线框图和设计数字产品。你亦可在用户体验设计任务之外的工作，比如平面设计或者写作。在广告公司工作很像自由职业，因为你可以和很多不同的品牌合作但你会被中情局雇佣,而不是自己当老板，你会成为团队的一员

（4）Design agencies and design studios 设计机构/工作室
design agency provides a one- stop-shop for the look of brands, products, and services. They’re usually more specialized than ad agencies because they focus on design and branding. Your average day working at a design agency is a lot like working at a startup. You’ll probably be a generalist and the only designer on the project. You’ll be exposed to a lot of different industries and get to solve unique problems. But since design agencies work with multiple clients, you might not work on a project from beginning to end. UX designers at design agencies regularly move between teams and work on different stages of a product’s development.
设计公司为品牌外观提供一站式服务,他们通常比广告公司更专业，因为他们专注于设计和品牌，你在设计公司的日常工作很像在创业公司工作。你可能是一个通才，也是这个项目中唯一的设计师，你会接触到很多不同的行业并且能够解决独特的问题。但由于设计公司与多个客户合作,你可能不会从头到尾做一个项目，设计机构的用户体验设计师经常在产品开发的不同阶段工作，在团队和团队之间流动。

（5）Big company 大公司
ig companies have thousands of employees working on lots of different projects. UX designers are typically specialized in their work and focus on one project from beginning to end. Working at a big company is a great way to learn about a specialization within UX design. Plus, you get to learn from other experts. One trade-off is that you might have fewer options to gain skills outside of your specific role, so a desire to specialize is key.

大公司有成千上万的员工从事许多不同的项目。用户体验设计师通常专注于他们的工作，从头到尾专注于一个项目。在大公司工作是了解公司内部专业化的一个很好的方法。另外，你还可以向其他专家学习。一个折衷方案是，你可能没有太多的机会来获得你的专业角色以外的技能。所以对专业化的渴望是关键。

04.Pursue a career in UX design追求用户体验设计的事业