第一部分

aversion［ə’vɜ:∫ən］

n. 厌恶，憎恨〈同　opposition, dislike〉
例　Their mutual aversion was so great that they refused to speak to one another.
他们对彼此的厌恶感太强烈了，两个人都拒绝与对方说话。
联　averse adj. 反对的，不愿意的；avert vt. 避开；conversion n. 转化，转变；reversion n. 反转；复原

avid［’ævɪd］

adj. 渴望的，热心的〈同　eager; enthusiastic〉
例　He was an avid student and read everything he could get.
他是个非常热切的学生，会读任何能找到的书。
联　avidity n. 热望，贪婪；avoid vt. 避免；avarice n. 贪心；aviary n. 鸟笼；aviator n. 飞行员

avocation［ˌævəʊ’keɪ∫ən］

n.（个人）副业，业余爱好〈同　sideline; hobby〉
例　He abandoned his regular occupation and concentrated on his avocation.
他放弃了专职工作，转而集中精力从事自己的副业。
联　avocational adj. 副业的；嗜好的

baby-sitter［’beɪbɪsɪtə(r)］

n. 临时保姆，代人照顾婴儿者
例　The baby-sitter is someone who takes care of children while the parents are away for a while.
临时保姆是孩子父母暂时不在身边时，负责照看孩子的人。

backbone［’bækbəʊn］

n. ①骨干，支柱〈同　support, mainstay〉
例　This old man was the backbone of the community. People always turned to him when they had problems. 这位老人是社区的骨干。每当人们遇到问题时，都会向他求助。
②脊椎，中枢〈同　spine〉
例　The backbone is made up of many separate bones, called vertebrae, held together by muscles and tendons.
脊柱是由许多块单独的骨头，即所谓的椎骨组成的，通过肌肉和肌腱连接在一起。

backdrop［’bækdrɒp］

n. 舞台背景；背景〈同　background, setting〉
例　Old China is the backdrop for this story.
旧中国是这个故事的背景。
联　backlog n. 积压未办之事；backup n. 后援，支持；backyard n. 后院

barb［bɑ:b］

n.（鱼钩等的）倒钩；倒刺
例　The barb on the fishhook stabbed me.
鱼钩上的倒钩扎伤了我。
联　barbed wire 带倒刺的铁丝（网）；barbecue n. 吃烤肉的野餐；barber n. 理发师；barbarity n. 残暴的行为；barbarian n. 粗鲁无礼的人 adj. 野蛮的，粗鲁的

barge［bɑ:ʤ］

n. 驳船〈同　flatboat〉
例　Because the barge was overloaded, it started to sink.
由于驳船超载，它开始下沉了。

barter［’bɑ:tə(r)］

n./v. 物品交换，易货贸易〈同　trade, exchange〉
例　I bartered for the goods in the market. 我在市场上交换货物。
联　barber n. 理发师；bar n. 条，棒；栅；bare adj. 赤裸的；空的；barrister n. 律师

bead［bi:d］

n. ①珠子〈同　pearl〉
例　She wore a necklace of brightly colored wooden beads.
她戴着一条颜色鲜艳的木珠项链。
②（液体）小滴〈同　drops, droplet〉
例　Beads of sweat fell from the tennis player’s face.
网球运动员的脸上滴下了汗珠。
联　beaded adj. 饰以珠的；珠状的

第二部分

beak［bi:k］

n. 鸟嘴，喙〈同　nib〉
例　Hunting birds usually have sharp beaks.
猎食鸟类通常都有锐利的喙。

bedrock［’bedrɒk］

n. 基础；基岩〈同　basis; foundation〉
例　The house by the beach was built on bedrock.
海边的房子建在基岩上。

belie［bɪ’laɪ］

vt. 给人错觉；掩饰〈同　misrepresent; disguise〉
例　His coarse, hard-bitten exterior belied his innate sensitivity.
他粗俗、顽强的外表，掩饰了他与生俱来的敏感。
联　belief n. 信任；信仰

bellows［’beləʊz］

n. 风箱
例　When the fire was dying down, Ralph pumped the bellows to keep it alive.
火快要熄灭的时候，拉尔夫拉动风箱，让火旺起来。
联　below prep./adv. 在…下面

benign［bɪ’naɪn］

adj.（病）良性的；（人）亲切和蔼的〈同　innocuous; kind〉
例　The patient’s tumor was benign and was safely removed.
患者的肿瘤是良性的，被安全切除了。

bequest［bɪ’kwest］

n. 遗产；遗赠〈同　inheritance; endowment〉
例　The boy received a bequest of $2,000 from his grandfather.
那个男孩从爷爷那里继承了2,000美元的遗产。
联　bequeath vt. 遗赠

besiege［bɪ’si:ʤ］

vt. 围攻；困扰〈同　surround; harass〉
例　The actress was besieged by media persons.
那位女演员被媒体记者团团围住。

bestow［bɪ’stəʊ］

vt. 给予，赐赠（祝福、奖励、荣誉等）〈同　endow, confer〉
例　The townspeople wished to bestow great honor upon the local hero.
市民们希望授予本地英雄无上的荣誉。
联　bestowal n. 赠与，给予；tow v. 拖，拽，牵引

beverage［’bevərɪʤ］

n.（除水之外的）饮料〈同　drink, refreshment〉
例　Tom and Jerry will bring the dessert to the dinner party and we will bring the beverages.
汤姆和杰里将带甜点参加宴会，我们将带酒水。

bilateral［ˌbaɪ’lætərəl］

adj. 两边的；双边的〈同　two-sided; mutual〉
例　The two nations signed a bilateral treaty. 两国签署了双边协议。
联　lateral adj. 侧面的，从旁边的；biweekly n. 双周刊；biennial adj. 两年一次的；biannual adj. 一年两次的

第三部分

bland［blænd］

adj. 淡味的；无味的〈同　mild; flavorless〉
例　I find chicken a little bland unless it’s cooked in a really spicy sauce.
我发现鸡肉的味道有一些清淡，除非用非常辣的辣酱烹饪才比较好。
联　blandishment n. 奉承；劝诱；gland n. 腺；brand n. 商标；烙印；blend v. 混合

bleach［bli:tʃ］

vt. 去色，漂白〈同　whiten〉
例　Gary had his hair bleached again.
加里又把头发漂染成浅色了。

blink［blɪŋk］

v. 眨眼〈同　wink〉
例　You’ve got something in your eyes—try blinking your eyes a few times.
你的眼睛里有东西——试试眨几下眼睛。

blizzard［’blɪzəd］

n. 暴风雪〈同　snowstorm〉
例　The visibility is near zero, so all planes will be grounded until the blizzard is over.
能见度几乎为零，所以在暴风雪结束之前，所有飞机都将停飞。

blues［blu:z］

n. 抑郁，沮丧；忧郁布鲁斯歌曲（蓝调音乐）〈同　gloom, depression〉
例　Billie Holiday’s reputation as a great jazz-blues singer rests on her ability to give emotional depth to her songs.
比利·哈乐黛之所以被公认为是一个伟大的蓝调爵士乐歌手，是因为她能够让她的歌声充满深情。

bluff［blʌf］

n. 陡峭的悬崖，绝壁〈同　cliff, precipice〉
例　You could see the waves crashing against the rocks when you looked down from the bluff.
从断崖上往下看，你能看到海浪拍打着岩石。
联　blush v. 脸红；flush v. 冲洗；bluster v. 咆哮；blur v.（使）模糊不清；blunder n./v.（犯）错误；cuff n. 袖口；手铐

bolster［’bəʊlstə(r)］

n. 垫子，垫枕，靠垫
例　He preferred to sleep with bolsters than big fluffy pillows.
他更喜欢枕着靠垫睡觉，而不喜欢枕着又大又松软的枕头。
vt. 支持；增加〈同　support, strengthen〉
例　Good knowledge bolsters one’s confidence.
知识渊博能增强人的自信心。

bonanza［bə’nænzə］

n. 富矿带；幸运，带来好运之事
例　The gold rush created a bonanza that drew many settlers to western areas of the United States, like San Francisco.
淘金热带来的好运，吸引了许多人去美国西部地区定居，例如旧金山。
联　banana n. 香蕉；bona fide adj. 真诚的

boon［bu:n］

n. 恩惠，恩赐〈同　blessing, benefit〉
例　The scholarship is a tremendous boon to her.
这笔奖学金对她而言是一个巨大的恩惠。
联　baboon n.【动】狒狒；boom n. 隆隆声；boor n. 粗人；boot n. 靴子；boost v. 推进

boring［’bɔ:rɪŋ］

adj. 令人厌烦的〈同　tiresome, tedious, unexciting〉
例　It is boring to listen to a speech in a language you don’t know.
听一场用你不懂的语言进行的演讲真是无聊。
联　boredom n. 烦恼，无聊

第四部分

boulder［’bəʊldə(r)］

n. 巨石〈同　rock, fieldstone〉
例　In 1952, severe floods carried 2,000 tons of boulders down to the Devon town of Lynmouth, killing 38 people. 1952年，
严重的洪灾把2,000吨岩石冲进了林茅斯的德文郡，造成38人丧生。

bouquet［bu:’keɪ］

n. 花束〈同　bunch〉
例　The flower shop sells many bouquets on Valentine’s Day.
花店在情人节能卖出许多束花。

braid［breɪd］

vt. 编织〈同　weave, knot〉
例　He braided string to make rope.
他把线编织起来做成绳子。

brawl［brɔ:l］

n. 争吵〈同　fight, quarrel〉
例　The brawl got louder and louder until the police arrived.
争吵的声音越来越大，直到警察赶来。
联　brawling n. 争吵，喧嚷；awl n. 尖钻，锥；crawl n./v. 爬行；drawl v. 慢吞吞地说；trawl n. 拖网 v. 用拖网捕鱼；bawl v. 大叫；sprawl v. 卧（躺）

breach［bri:tʃ］

vt. 造成缺口，打破，突破〈同　break〉
例　The invading army breached the walls of the castle and entered.
入侵的军队攻破了城堡的围墙，然后长驱而入。
n. 违背，破坏〈同　violation〉
例　For me to leave now would be a breach of duty.
我如果现在离开，就属于失职。
联　beach n. 海滩；preach v. 传教，讲道；peach n. 桃子；impeach v. 控告，弹劾；overreach v. 做事做过头

breakup［’breɪkʌp］

n. 分裂，分离〈同　separation, disintegration〉
例　Mary and her best friend had a breakup of their relationship.
玛丽和她最好的朋友关系破裂了。
联　backup n. 备份

breathtaking［’breθteɪkɪŋ］

adj. 令人激动的〈同　stunning, awesome〉
例　The Statue of Liberty was a breathtaking view for many immigrants who arrived to America through New York.
对于许多经由纽约来到美国的移民来说，自由女神像是令人激动的景观。

brighten［’braɪtən］

v. 点亮〈同　lighten〉
例　The sky brightened after the storm.
暴风雨过后，天亮了起来。
vt. 使愉快；使乐观〈同　cheer〉
例　The flowers in the window really brighten my spirits.
橱窗里的花确实让我精神愉悦。
联　bright adj. 明亮的；聪明的，伶俐的

briny［’braɪni］

adj. 盐水的，咸的〈同　saline, salty〉
例　Pyramid Lake is one of the last briny remnants.
金字塔湖是仅存的咸水湖之一。

brook［brʊk］

n. 小河〈同　creek〉
例　The brook brought fresh clean water from the mountain.
小溪带来了山间的清泉。